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NEW QUESTION # 125
What are two reasons you might see iprope_in check () check failed, drop when using the debug How?
(Choose two.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The debug flow message iprope_in_check() check failed, drop specifically indicates a failure in the Local-In Policy check. The "iprope" (IP ROouting Policy Enforcement) engine handles policy lookups. The _in_check suffix confirms that the decision is regarding traffic destined to the FortiGate itself (Local-In traffic), rather than traffic passing through it.
D). The packet was dropped because the requested service is not enabled on FortiGate:
This is the most common cause. When a packet arrives destined for the FortiGate's interface IP (e.g., an HTTPS or SSH request), the kernel checks if that specific service is enabled in the interface settings (set allowaccess). If the service is not enabled (e.g., trying to Ping an interface where PING access is disabled), the iprope_in_check function fails and drops the packet immediately.
C). The packet was dropped because the trusted host list is misconfigured:
Even if the service (e.g., HTTPS) is enabled on the interface, the FortiGate checks the Administrator settings.
If Trusted Hosts are configured, the source IP of the incoming packet is compared against the allowed list. If the IP is not on the list, the Local-In policy check (iprope_in_check) fails, and the packet is dropped to secure the management plane.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: If traffic is dropped by a standard Firewall Policy (traffic passing through the device from one interface to another), the debug message will typically state denied by policy x or no matching policy. It would generally be a forward check (iprope_fwd_check or similar), not an _in_check.
B: If there is no route to the source, the error is a Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) failure. The debug flow logs this explicitly as reverse path check fail, drop.
Reference:
FortiGate Troubleshooting Guide (Debug Flow): "The message iprope_in_check() check failed indicates the packet was denied by the Local-In policy. This occurs when traffic destined to the FortiGate is not allowed by the allowaccess configuration or is blocked by Trusted Host settings."
NEW QUESTION # 126
The local OSPF router is unable to establish adjacency with a peer.
Which two things should the administrator do to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are A and B .
The Network Security Support Engineer 7.6 Study Guide states under OSPF Troubleshooting :
"Follow these steps to troubleshoot an OSPF problem between two peers:
* Check that the local router can reach the remote peer. IP addresses must be in the same subnet and have the same subnet mask.
* Ensure that IP protocol 89 is not blocked.
* Hello and dead intervals must match.
* The OSPF router ID for each peer must be unique. Duplicate router IDs are not allowed.
* Do the MTUs match?
* If authentication is enabled, the type and password must match on both sides."** The same page also summarizes the troubleshooting tips as:
* "Do peers have an IP address within the same subnet?"
* "Is IP protocol 89 blocked?"
This directly confirms:
* A is correct
* B is correct
Why the other options are wrong:
* C is wrong because TCP port 179 is used by BGP , not OSPF. OSPF uses IP protocol 89 , as the study guide explicitly notes
* D is wrong because the study guide's OSPF adjacency troubleshooting checklist does not require an active static route to the peer. OSPF neighbors form adjacency on directly reachable networks, and the guide instead focuses on same subnet, protocol 89, intervals, router ID, MTU, and authentication matching So the verified answers are: A, B .
NEW QUESTION # 127
Refer to the exhibit.
FortiGate is showing continuous high CPU usage During a maintenance window, the CLI command diagnose sys top displays the output shown in the exhibit. The CLI command diagnose twat application ipsmonitor 5 was run. but the CPU usage by daemon ipsengine did not drop Which immediate action can you take to reduce the CPU usage effectively?
Answer: A
Explanation:
To solve this high CPU usage scenario involving the ipsengine, we must understand the specific functions of the diagnose test application ipsmonitor commands shown in the troubleshooting steps.
Analyze the Situation:
Exhibit: The diagnose sys top output shows the ipsengine process is in a run state (R) consuming 99% CPU.
Previous Action: The administrator already ran diagnose test application ipsmonitor 5.
Result: The CPU usage did not drop.
Understand the Commands:
diagnose test application ipsmonitor 5: This command toggles IPS Bypass Mode. When enabled, the IPS engine lets traffic pass through without inspection.
Implication: If the CPU was high due to traffic volume, enabling bypass would drop the CPU load immediately.
Failure: Since the CPU remained at 99% after bypass, the ipsengine process is likely frozen, stuck, or in an internal infinite loop unrelated to the current traffic flow. The process itself is the problem, not the traffic volume.
Evaluate the Solution (Option B):
diagnose test application ipsmonitor 2: This command toggles the IPS engine's Enable/Disable status.
Because the engine is stuck (bypass failed to relieve pressure), the "Immediate action" required is to stop or restart the process entirely.
Running option 2 effectively disables/kills the stuck IPS engine instance, which will immediately drop the CPU usage to near zero. (It can then be toggled again to restart it).
Why other options are incorrect:
A (Reduce signatures): This is a tuning measure for normal operation, not an immediate fix for a stuck process at 99% CPU.
C (Disable IPS on policies): This is a configuration change that takes time and requires a commit; it is not the most immediate diagnostic tool available.
D (Bypass all IPS engines): This describes the action of command 5 (Bypass), which the prompt explicitly states was already performed and failed.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (IPS & Diagnostics): "Troubleshooting IPS high CPU: 1. Check top. 2.
Try bypass (ipsmonitor 5). 3. If CPU persists, restart the engine (ipsmonitor 99 or 2)."
NEW QUESTION # 128
Refer to the exhibit.
Which two observations can you make about the web filter traffic captured using the flow tool? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Analyze the "Send to Application Layer" Message:
The most critical line in the debug output is: id=65308 ... func=av_receive ... msg="send to application layer" Meaning: This message indicates that the FortiGate kernel is handing the packet over to a user-space daemon (specifically the WAD/Proxy process, indicated by av_receive handlers) for deep inspection.
Implication: This behavior is the hallmark of Proxy-based inspection. In Flow-based inspection, the traffic is handled by the IPS engine (often within the kernel or via specific IPS handlers like ips_measure), and you would not typically see a "send to application layer" message for standard web filtering.
Evaluate Option B (Firewall Policy Mode):
Since the traffic is being sent to the application layer proxy, the Firewall Policy controlling this traffic (Policy ID 1, as seen in Allowed by Policy-1) must be configured with Inspection Mode = Proxy. If it were Flow- based, the traffic would stay in the flow path. Thus, Option B is correct.
Evaluate Option C (Web Filter Profile Mode):
In FortiOS, when a firewall policy is set to Proxy-based inspection, the security profiles (like Web Filter) applied to that policy also operate in Proxy-based inspection mode. The presence of the av_receive function confirms that the content inspection (Web Filter/AV) is being performed by the proxy engine. Thus, Option C is correct.
Why Option A is Incorrect (NPU Offload):
The output shows npu_state=0x100. In the context of a flow trace where traffic is being "sent to application layer," this confirms the session is not fully offloaded to the NPU (Network Processor). Offloaded traffic (Fast Path) is handled by the hardware and would not generate these specific CPU-level debug logs for the payload inspection phase. The proxying process requires CPU intervention.
Why Option D is Incorrect (Port Mapping):
While valid protocol mapping is necessary for inspection, the specific debug output shown is a direct result of the Inspection Mode (Proxy vs. Flow). The observation of the traffic moving to the application layer is primarily caused by the policy and profile mode settings, making B and C the direct "observations" derived from the log data.
Reference:
FortiGate Troubleshooting (Debug Flow): "If the debug flow shows msg='send to application layer', it confirms the traffic is being handled by the proxy (WAD) for Proxy-based inspection."
NEW QUESTION # 129
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial output of a real-time LDAP debug.
What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION # 130
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