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PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor 인증은 전 세계적으로 인정받고 정보 자산의 보안을 보장하고자 하는 조직에서 높이 추구하는 인증입니다. 이 인증으로 최고 수준의 보안 기준을 유지하고 효과적인 ISMS를 구현하고 유지할 수 있는 능력을 증명할 수 있습니다.
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PECB ISO-AIC-27001-Lead-Auditor Certification Exam은 정보 보안 시스템의 감사 및 관리에 중점을 둔 국제적으로 인정 된 시험입니다. 이 인증은 ISO/IEC 27001 표준에 대해 조직의 정보 보안 관리 시스템 (ISMS)을 감사하고 평가하는 데 관심이있는 전문가를위한 것입니다.
ISO-AIC-27001-Lead-Auditor Certification 시험은 조직의 정보 보안을 관리하고 유지 관리하는 전문가에게 이상적입니다. 여기에는 IS 전문가, 보안 관리자, 감사인, 컨설턴트 및 ISM의 설계, 구현 및 유지 관리에 관여하는 기타 전문가가 포함됩니다.
질문 # 159
Scenario 9: UpNet, a networking company, has been certified against ISO/IEC 27001. It provides network security, virtualization, cloud computing, network hardware, network management software, and networking technologies.
The company's recognition has increased drastically since gaining ISO/IEC 27001 certification. The certification confirmed the maturity of UpNefs operations and its compliance with a widely recognized and accepted standard.
But not everything ended after the certification. UpNet continually reviewed and enhanced its security controls and the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the ISMS by conducting internal audits. The top management was not willing to employ a full-time team of internal auditors, so they decided to outsource the internal audit function. This form of internal audits ensured independence, objectivity, and that they had an advisory role about the continual improvement of the ISMS.
Not long after the initial certification audit, the company created a new department specialized in data and storage products. They offered routers and switches optimized for data centers and software-based networking devices, such as network virtualization and network security appliances. This caused changes to the operations of the other departments already covered in the ISMS certification scope.
Therefore. UpNet initiated a risk assessment process and an internal audit. Following the internal audit result, the company confirmed the effectiveness and efficiency of the existing and new processes and controls.
The top management decided to include the new department in the certification scope since it complies with ISO/IEC 27001 requirements. UpNet announced that it is ISO/IEC 27001 certified and the certification scope encompasses the whole company.
One year after the initial certification audit, the certification body conducted another audit of UpNefs ISMS. This audit aimed to determine the UpNefs ISMS fulfillment of specified ISO/IEC 27001 requirements and ensure that the ISMS is being continually improved. The audit team confirmed that the certified ISMS continues to fulfill the requirements of the standard. Nonetheless, the new department caused a significant impact on governing the management system. Moreover, the certification body was not informed about any changes. Thus, the UpNefs certification was suspended.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
UpNet outsourced the internal audit function, as provided in scenario 9. Does it impact the internal audit process?
정답：C
설명：
Yes, outsourcing the internal audit function can positively impact the internal audit process by increasing its independence and impartiality. This helps ensure that the internal audits are conducted without any bias or influence from the company's internal management.
질문 # 160
You are conducting an ISMS audit in the despatch department of an international logistics organisation that provides shipping services to large organisations including local hospitals and government offices. Parcels typically contain pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and documents such as passports and driving licences. You note that the company records show a very large number of returned items with causes including misaddressed labels and, in 15% of cases, two or more labels for different addresses for the one package. You are interviewing the Shipping Manager (SM).
You: Are items checked before being dispatched?
SM: Any obviously damaged items are removed by the duty staff before being dispatched, but the small profit margin makes it uneconomic to implement a formal checking process.
You: What action is taken when items are returned?
SM: Most of these contracts are relatively low value, therefore it has been decided that it is easier and more convenient to simply reprint the label and re-send individual parcels than it is to implement an investigation.
You raise a nonconformity. Referencing the scenario, which three of the following Annex A controls would you expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit?
정답：A,B,H
설명：
Explanation
The three Annex A controls that you would expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit are:
* B. 5.13 Labelling of information
* E. 5.34 Privacy and protection of personal identifiable information (PII)
* G. 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training
* B. This control requires the organisation to label information assets in accordance with the information classification scheme, and to handle them accordingly12. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to avoid misaddressing labels and sending parcels to wrong destinations, which could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information assets. By labelling the information assets correctly, the auditee could also ensure that they are delivered to the intended recipients and that they are protected from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure.
* E. This control requires the organisation to protect the privacy and the rights of individuals whose personal identifiable information (PII) is processed by the organisation, and to comply with the applicable legal and contractual obligations13. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to prevent the unauthorized use of residents' personal data by a supplier, which could violate the privacy and the rights of the residents and their family members, and expose the auditee to legal and reputational risks. By protecting the PII of the residents and their family members, the auditee could also enhance their trust and satisfaction, and avoid complaints and disputes.
* G. This control requires the organisation to ensure that all employees and contractors are aware of the information security policy, their roles and responsibilities, and the relevant information security procedures and controls14. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to improve the information security culture and behaviour of their staff, and to reduce the human errors and negligence that could lead to information security incidents. By providing information security awareness, education, and training to their staff, the auditee could also increase their competence and performance, and ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the information security processes and controls.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, Annex A 2: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques
- Code of practice for information security controls, clause 8.2.1 3: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 18.1.4 4:
ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 7.2.2
질문 # 161
Scenario 8
Trustingo has been providing banking and financial services in Estonia since 2010. The company has a network of 30 branches with over 100 ATMs nationwide. To meet strict data security and privacy regulations, Trustingo implemented an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001, ensuring better security, improved risk management, and compliance with legal requirements.
Nine months after the successful implementation of the ISMS, Trustingo decided to pursue certification for their ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001 by an independent certification body. The certification audit included Trustingo's systems, processes, and technologies.
The audit team conducted the Stage 1 and Stage 2 audits jointly, and several nonconformities were detected.
The first nonconformity was related to Trustingo's labeling of information. The company had an information classification scheme but no information labeling procedure. As a result, documents requiring the same level of protection would be labeled differently.
The nonconformity also impacted media handling. The audit team used sampling and concluded that 50 of
200 removable media stored sensitive information mistakenly classified as confidential. According to the information classification scheme, confidential information can be stored in removable media, whereas storing sensitive information is strictly prohibited.
The audit team drafted the nonconformity report and discussed the audit conclusions with Trustingo's representatives, who agreed to submit an action plan for the detected nonconformities within two months.
Since the certification recommendation is conditional upon filing corrective actions, Trustingo must submit corrective action plans to show how they will address and resolve these nonconformities. Trustingo accepted the audit team leader's proposed solution and addressed the nonconformities by drafting an information labeling procedure and updating the removable media procedure.
Two weeks after the audit completion, Trustingo submitted a general action plan. Although the plan addressed the detected nonconformities and corrective actions taken, it lacked detailed action steps for each nonconformity and did not include specific details on the impacted systems, controls, or operations. The audit team evaluated the action plan. Nevertheless, Trustingo received an unfavorable recommendation for certification.
Question
Which option justifies the unfavorable recommendation for certification? Refer to Scenario 8.
정답：B
설명：
The unfavorable recommendation for certification is best justified by the major nonconformity related to storing sensitive information in removable media, making option A the correct answer. ISO/IEC 27001 certification decisions are heavily influenced by the presence and effective resolution of major nonconformities, particularly those that expose the organization to significant information security risks.
In this scenario, sensitive information was stored on removable media in violation of Trustingo's own information classification scheme. This represents a serious breakdown in control implementation and creates a high risk of data leakage, loss, or unauthorized disclosure. Such a condition is typically classified as a major nonconformity because it demonstrates a failure to effectively implement and enforce ISMS controls related to information handling and protection.
While the lack of an information labeling procedure is a valid nonconformity, it is generally considered minor when viewed in isolation. Option B therefore does not sufficiently justify an unfavorable certification recommendation on its own. Option C is also incorrect because submitting the action plan earlier than the agreed timeline is not a negative factor and does not breach certification requirements.
Even though Trustingo submitted an action plan, its lack of sufficient detail prevented the certification body from confirming that the major nonconformity would be effectively corrected and prevented from recurring.
Therefore, the unresolved major nonconformity related to sensitive information on removable media is the primary justification for the unfavorable certification recommendation.
질문 # 162
Scenario 2: Knight is an electronics company from Northern California, US that develops video game consoles. Knight has more than 300 employees worldwide. On the fifth anniversary of their establishment, they have decided to deliver the G-Console, a new generation video game console aimed for worldwide markets. G-Console is considered to be the ultimate media machine of 2021 which will give the best gaming experience to players.
The console pack will include a pair of VR headset, two
games, and other gifts.
Over the years, the company has developed a good reputation by showing integrity, honesty, and respect toward their customers. This good reputation is one of the reasons why most passionate gamers aim to have Knight's G-console as soon as it is released in the market.
Besides being a very customer-oriented company, Knight
also gained wide recognition within the gaming industry because of the developing quality. Their prices are a bit higher than the reasonable standards allow.
Nonetheless, that is not considered an issue for most loyal customers of Knight, as their quality is top-notch.
Being one of the top video game console developers in the world, Knight is also often the center of attention for malicious activities. The company has had an operational ISMS for over a year. The ISMS scope includes all departments of Knight, except Finance and HR departments.
Recently, a number of Knight's files containing proprietary information were leaked by hackers. Knight's incident response team (IRT) immediately started to analyze every part of the system and the details of the incident.
The IRT's first suspicion was that Knight's employees used weak passwords and consequently were easily cracked by hackers who gained unauthorized access to their accounts. However, after carefully investigating the incident, the IRT determined that hackers accessed accounts by capturing the file transfer protocol (FTP) traffic.
FTP is a network protocol for transferring files between accounts. It uses clear text passwords for authentication.
Following the impact of this information security incident and with IRT's suggestion, Knight decided to replace the FTP with Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, so anyone capturing the traffic can only see encrypted data.
Following these changes, Knight conducted a risk assessment to verify that the implementation of controls had minimized the risk of similar incidents. The results of the process were approved by the ISMS project manager who claimed that the level of risk after the implementation of new controls was in accordance with the company's risk acceptance levels.
Based on this scenario, answer the following question:
Based on scenario 2, Knight decided to replace the FTP with Secure Shell (SSH) protocol. Should the Statement of Applicability (SoA) be updated in this case?
정답：C
설명：
The Statement of Applicability (SoA) is a core document within an ISMS that outlines the security controls an organization implements. When a new control, such as the SSH protocol, is implemented, it should be included in the SoA to reflect the current state of the ISMS. The SoA should be updated to justify the inclusion of the new control and to document how it is implemented within the organization12. References: = This guidance is based on the best practices for maintaining the SoA as per ISO/IEC 27001, which requires the SoA to be a living document that accurately reflects the security controls in use by the organization
질문 # 163
Which is not a requirement of HR prior to hiring?
정답：D
설명：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2.2, the organization shall ensure that all persons who have access to information are aware of the information security policy and their contribution to the effectiveness of the ISMS, including the benefits of improved information security performance2. Therefore, awareness training on information security is a requirement for all persons, not just new hires. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA
질문 # 164
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