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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: BGP Advanced Technologies | 20% | - Carrier-Grade BGP
|
| Topic 2: IGP Advanced Technologies | 15% | - OSPF and IS-IS Advanced Features
|
| Topic 3: Network Automation and SDN | 5% | - Automation Technologies
|
| Topic 4: IPv6 Technologies | 8% | - IPv6 Deployment
|
| Topic 5: Network Reliability and Protection | 7% | - High Availability Design
|
| Topic 6: Network Service Technologies | 10% | - Carrier Services
|
| Topic 7: MPLS and Segment Routing | 20% | - Carrier Transport Technologies
|
| Topic 8: Carrier IP Network Architecture | 10% | - Carrier Network Evolution
|
| Topic 9: Network Operation and Maintenance | 5% | - Monitoring and Troubleshooting
|
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NEW QUESTION # 47
Which of the following statements are accurate about the SR Policy configuration shown?
Exhibit 33.1 - Original topology/configuration figure
Select all that apply.
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
Exact Extract - Huawei Training Material (Automatic SDN Network O & M, p.19):
"SR-MPLS TE Policy is a new tunnel diversion technology developed based on SR. An SR-MPLS TE policy consists of the following three parts: Ingress, Color, and End point. Color indicates the extended community attribute carried in the SR-MPLS TE Policy. End point specifies the destination address of the SR-MPLS TE Policy." Huawei Reference Verification:
Huawei SR-MPLS TE Policy architecture identifies an ingress, a Color Extended Community and an endpoint. Eligible BGP VPN routes can be steered to a policy when the route's BGP next hop matches the policy endpoint and its Color Extended Community matches the policy color. Candidate paths are ordered by preference, and the highest valid preference determines the active path. In the exhibit CP2 has preference 200, while CP1 has 100, so CP2 is active. The color can be transmitted as a BGP route attribute. Traffic's destination address alone is not the matching criterion for automatic color-based recursion. Thus A, C and D are correct.
Technical Deep Dive:
A, C and D are correct. The SR Policy has Color Green, Endpoint 3.3.3.3 and Binding SID 30028. CP1 carries labels 20004 and 20003 with preference 100, whereas CP2 carries 20006 and 20005 with preference
200. CP2 wins when valid because its preference is greater. A BGP service route carrying Green as its Color Extended Community and 3.3.3.3 as its next hop can recurse to that policy. The packet's own final destination may be a customer prefix unrelated to 3.3.3.3; the routing recursion matches the BGP next hop and color. The BSID identifies the policy and abstracts its current active segment list. Huawei's forwarding plane translates the selected list into the required MPLS label operations and forwards packets accordingly. Distinguishing route next hop from packet destination avoids the incorrect answer B.
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NEW QUESTION # 48
The figure depicts an inter-AS EVPN Option B network and the EVPN configuration between ASBR2 and PE2. Which device is the next hop for the route that ASBR2 advertises to PE2?
Exhibit 54.1 - Original topology/configuration figure
Answer: A
Explanation:
Huawei Reference Verification:
Huawei's inter-AS EVPN Option B model exchanges EVPN routes across ASBRs and readvertises them to local PEs. The intended border-gateway forwarding model uses the receiving ASBR as the next hop for routes sent into its own AS, allowing local PEs to resolve remote EVPN services toward the local AS boundary. In the depicted deployment ASBR2 advertises the route toward PE2 and is the forwarding next hop under the intended Option B next-hop processing. This depends on the actual BGP next-hop rewrite or route policy:
generic IBGP re-advertisement of an EBGP-learned route does not automatically replace the next-hop attribute in every configuration.
Technical Deep Dive:
A is the intended answer. PE1 originates EVPN service reachability inside AS1. The route passes to ASBR1, crosses the inter-AS exchange to ASBR2 in AS2 and is advertised toward PE2. In Option B the ASBR boundary acts as a forwarding and service-route exchange point. The receiving ASBR can rewrite the BGP next hop to itself so local routers resolve the route through the local transport network toward that border. PE2 thus uses ASBR2 as the service route's next hop in the intended design. The spine or internal P router merely provides underlay transport; PE1 is the remote originator but not the local transport boundary. On VRP
`display bgp evpn all routing-table` reveals the received next hop and route state. For a real configuration, verify `next-hop-local` or equivalent policy because an ordinary IBGP advertisement may preserve the EBGP- learned next hop unless configured or required by the solution.
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NEW QUESTION # 49
In the distributed telco-cloud network shown, traffic is sent from the external network to the VNF. The route configurations on the relevant DC GW are shown. How is the traffic forwarded within the telco-cloud network, from the DC GW to the leaf node?
Exhibit 14.1 - Original topology/configuration figure
Answer: D
Explanation:
Huawei Reference Verification:
Huawei's underlay/overlay architecture distinguishes VXLAN tenant transport from the IP underlay that provides VTEP reachability. In this topology the DC GW's static VPN route resolves through next-hop addresses belonging to subnet 10.1.1.0/24. That subnet is attached to VBDIF1 and bridge domain BD1, which carries the corresponding Layer 2 VXLAN service. The VBDIF supplies a routed interface into a bridge domain, but the resulting transport from DC GW VTEP to leaf VTEP is an Ethernet frame encapsulated in VXLAN. Consequently the forwarding between these VXLAN endpoints is through a Layer 2 VXLAN tunnel.
Technical Deep Dive:
A is correct. The gateway performs a route lookup in VPN instance vpn1 and resolves the selected next-hop IP through the VBDIF1/BD1 connectivity. ARP/EVPN host reachability determines the Layer 2 destination associated with the remote leaf VTEP. The gateway encapsulates the resulting Ethernet frame using VXLAN and forwards the outer IP packet across the routed underlay. The leaf decapsulates the VXLAN packet and forwards traffic to the VNF. Using VBDIF for the route lookup does not by itself turn this particular transport into a Layer 3 VXLAN tunnel; the relevant BD carries the Layer 2 overlay. The alternative MPLS-label answer assumes a different transport encapsulation, while pure unencapsulated IP forwarding ignores the VXLAN fabric. On supported Huawei ASICs, VXLAN encapsulation, MAC lookup, and tunnel forwarding can occur in dedicated packet-processing hardware.
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NEW QUESTION # 50
As illustrated, L3VPN services are transported over an SRv6 TE Policy, with SRv6 enabled through IS-IS extensions. The network has deployed the following protection technologies, but fast fault detection has not been configured. Under normal conditions, traffic on the upper plane follows CE1 # PE1 # P1 # PE2 # CE2. If PE2 fails, which technology preferentially provides protection?
Exhibit 59.1 - Original topology/configuration figure
Answer: B
Explanation:
Huawei Reference Verification:
Huawei SRv6 TE Policy protection distinguishes failures of midpoint transit nodes from failure of an egress PE serving a customer VPN. Egress protection prepares an alternate egress PE capable of executing the relevant VPN forwarding service when the primary egress fails. The depicted normal path terminates at PE2, while PE4 provides redundant reachability to CE2. Midpoint repair would not by itself replace the unavailable service endpoint. Therefore egress protection is the intended mechanism when PE2 fails, regardless of whether BFD has been configured for fast detection.
Technical Deep Dive:
B is correct. Under normal operation L3VPN traffic traverses CE1 - > PE1 - > P1 - > PE2 - > CE2. PE2 is the service egress. Failure of PE2 removes the endpoint that performs the final SID behavior and VPN delivery.
Egress protection allows the repair point to redirect packets toward a backup PE such as PE4 that has suitable service forwarding information and reachability to CE2. Midpoint protection addresses transit failures rather than loss of the VPN endpoint. SRv6 TE hot standby changes segment lists or candidate paths, but alone does not necessarily provide a functioning alternate service egress. BFD would normally improve detection and switching time; without it, interface state or IGP/other fault indications can still identify a failure, with potentially slower reaction. The protection architecture must provide backup egress service state and suitable routing information to deliver the customer packet correctly.
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NEW QUESTION # 51
SR and LDP interworking technology allows SR and LDP to operate together on the same network. SR and LDP networks can be interconnected through this technology to implement MPLS forwarding. To interwork with an LDP network, an SR network needs a particular device type to advertise SIDs on behalf of SR- incapable LDP devices. What is this device called?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Huawei Reference Verification:
Huawei's SR/LDP interworking design defines a mapping server as an SR-capable node that advertises Prefix- to-SID mappings on behalf of LDP nodes that cannot originate Segment Routing advertisements. A mapping client receives this information and can use the assigned SID to calculate SR paths toward destinations otherwise reachable through the LDP domain. Border or interworking routers can connect SR and LDP transport segments to provide continuity during gradual migration. The mapping server originates the advertisements; a mapping client consumes them. Therefore D is correct.
Technical Deep Dive:
D is correct. SR-MPLS distributes Prefix-SIDs through IGP extensions, whereas traditional LDP distributes label bindings using LDP sessions. An LDP-only router cannot advertise a valid SR Prefix-SID directly. The mapping server bridges this information gap by announcing a configured prefix-to-SID association for the SR- incapable node. SR-capable mapping clients learn the association and can build a label stack toward that destination. The interworking boundary performs the MPLS operations required to connect the SR and LDP forwarding segments. A representative OSPF-based Huawei configuration includes `segment-routing`,
`mapping-server prefix-sid-mapping 10.10.10.10 32 100`, and in the OSPF process `segment-routing mapping- server send` where supported. Mapping server versus mapping client is a producer/consumer distinction: the server advertises the prefix mappings, and the client receives and uses them. The feature permits phased modernization of large carrier networks without replacing all LDP devices at once.
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NEW QUESTION # 52
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