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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Footprinting and Reconnaissance | 7% | - Reconnaissance Concepts - Reconnaissance Countermeasures - DNS, WHOIS, Network Mapping - OSINT Techniques |
| System Hacking | 8% | - Maintaining Access - Gaining Access: Password Attacks - Privilege Escalation - Clearing Tracks & Logs |
| Cryptography | 5% | - Encryption Concepts & Algorithms - Cryptanalysis & Attacks - Public Key Infrastructure - Cryptography in Practice |
| Mobile Platforms | 4% | - Mobile Attack Vectors - Mobile Device Security - Android & iOS Vulnerabilities |
| Scanning Networks | 8% | - Service & OS Fingerprinting - Host & Port Discovery - Scanning Beyond IDS/Firewall - Network Scanning Basics - Scanning Countermeasures - AI-Assisted Scanning |
| Malware Threats | 7% | - Malware Analysis & Countermeasures - AI-Powered Malware - Malware Types: Trojans, Viruses, Worms - APT & Fileless Malware |
| Cloud Computing | 5% | - Cloud Security Risks - Cloud Security Best Practices - Cloud Models & Services - AWS, Azure, GCP Attacks |
| Vulnerability Analysis | 8% | - Vulnerability Assessment Lifecycle - Scanning & Analysis Tools - Vulnerability Classification & Scoring - Vulnerability Research & Databases |
| Web Server & Application Attacks | 8% | - API Security Risks - Web Server Vulnerabilities - Web Application Attacks: XSS, CSRF - SQL Injection & Command Injection - Web Security Countermeasures |
| Social Engineering | 6% | - Social Engineering Concepts - Phishing, Pretexting, Baiting - Countermeasures & Awareness - Identity Theft |
| Enumeration | 7% | - Enumeration Concepts - NetBIOS, SNMP, LDAP Enumeration - Enumeration Countermeasures - DNS, SMTP, NFS Enumeration - AI-Driven Enumeration |
| Denial-of-Service | 4% | - DoS & DDoS Concepts - Defense Mechanisms - DDoS Tools - Attack Techniques & Botnets |
| Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots | 5% | - Honeypot Concepts & Detection - Evasion Techniques - IDS, IPS, Firewall Technologies |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | 5% | - Information Security Concepts - Cyber Kill Chain & MITRE ATT&CK - Legal and Ethical Compliance - Ethical Hacking Methodology |
| Sniffing | 5% | - Packet Sniffing Concepts - Sniffing Tools & Techniques - MITM Attacks - Sniffing Countermeasures |
| Wireless Networks | 5% | - Wireless Threats & Attacks - Wireless Encryption: WEP, WPA2, WPA3 - Wireless Hacking Tools - Security Best Practices |
| IoT & OT Security | 4% | - Security Controls - Attacks on IoT & OT Systems - IoT/OT Architecture & Risks |
| Session Hijacking | 4% | - Countermeasures - Hijacking Techniques - Application & Network Level Hijacking - Session Hijacking Concepts |
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問題 #534
A smart building management company in Seattle, Washington deploys wireless door sensors and badge- based access systems throughout its corporate headquarters. During a security assessment, an analyst captures legitimate radio transmissions between employee access badges and the entry control units.
Later that evening, without modifying or decrypting the original communication, the analyst retransmits the previously captured signal toward a secured entrance. The access control system accepts the transmission as valid and unlocks the door, even though the legitimate badge is not present.
Determine the attack technique demonstrated in this assessment.
答案：B
解題說明：
The correct answer is B. Replay Attack.
A replay attack occurs when an attacker captures a valid communication and later retransmits it to make the receiving system accept the old message as legitimate. The important clue is that the analyst does not decrypt or modify the signal; the captured transmission is simply reused.
CEH-aligned material describes replay attacks as attacks in which captured traffic is reused to gain access or reproduce a valid transaction . CEH IoT material also lists Replay Attack among IoT attack types .
Option A. BlueBorne Attack is incorrect because BlueBorne targets Bluetooth vulnerabilities.
Option C. Rolling Code Attack is incorrect because rolling-code attacks involve capturing or interfering with changing code sequences, often while jamming the receiver. The scenario says the original transmission is simply replayed.
Option D. Sybil Attack is incorrect because a Sybil attack uses multiple forged identities to influence a network.
Therefore, the best answer is B. Replay Attack.
問題 #535
To hide the file on a Linux system, you have to start the filename with a specific character. What is the character?
答案：A
問題 #536
Which of the following hacking frameworks describes adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used in cyberattacks?
答案：D
解題說明：
MITRE ATT&CK is a widely used framework that documents adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) observed in real-world cyberattacks. It helps security teams understand attacker behavior, improve detection, and strengthen defensive strategies.
問題 #537
You're the security manager for a tech company that uses a database to store sensitive customer data. You have implemented countermeasures against SQL injection attacks. Recently, you noticed some suspicious activities and suspect an attacker is using SQL injection techniques. The attacker is believed to use different forms of payloads in his SQL queries. In the case of a successful SQL injection attack, which of the following payloads would have the most significant impact?
答案：C
解題說明：
The payload that would have the most significant impact in the case of a successful SQL injection attack is OR 'a'='a; DROP TABLE members; --. This payload combines the manipulation of the WHERE clause with a destructive action, causing data loss. This payload works as follows:
The OR 'a'='a part of the payload is a logical expression that is always true, regardless of the input or the condition of the SQL statement. This part of the payload allows the attacker to bypass any authentication or authorization checks that may be implemented in the SQL statement, such as a login form or a search query.
The ; part of the payload is a statement terminator that marks the end of the current SQL statement and allows the attacker to inject another SQL statement after it. This part of the payload enables the attacker to execute multiple SQL statements in a single query, which is also known as stacked queries or batched queries.
The DROP TABLE members part of the payload is a destructive SQL statement that deletes the entire table named members from the database. This part of the payload causes data loss and may compromise the functionality and integrity of the application that relies on the table. The table name may vary depending on the target database, but the attacker can use other techniques, such as error-based or union-based SQL injection, to discover the table names before executing the drop statement.
The - part of the payload is a comment symbol that tells the SQL engine to ignore the rest of the query. This part of the payload helps the attacker to avoid any syntax errors or unwanted results that may arise from the original query.
The other options are not as impactful as option C for the following reasons:
A). 'OR 'T="1: This payload manipulates the WHERE clause of an SQL statement, allowing the attacker to view unauthorized data. This payload is a common and basic SQL injection technique that injects a logical expression that is always true, such as 'OR 'T="1 or 'OR 1=1, to bypass the authentication or authorization checks of the SQL statement. This payload can allow the attacker to view data that they are not supposed to, such as user credentials, personal information, or financial records. However, this payload does not cause any data loss or modification, and it does not affect the functionality or integrity of the application.
B). 'OR username LIKE '%: This payload uses the LIKE operator to search for a specific pattern in a column.
This payload is a variation of the previous payload that injects a logical expression that is always true, such as
'OR username LIKE '% or 'OR 1 LIKE '%, to bypass the authentication or authorization checks of the SQL statement. The LIKE operator is used to compare a value with a pattern that may contain wildcard characters, such as % or _, which match any string or character. This payload can allow the attacker to view data that matches the pattern, such as usernames that start with a certain letter or contain a certain substring. However, this payload does not cause any data loss or modification, and it does not affect the functionality or integrity of the application.
D). UNION SELECT NULL, NULL, NULL - : This payload manipulates the UNION SQL operator, enabling the attacker to retrieve data from different database tables. This payload is an advanced SQL injection technique that injects the UNION SQL operator to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements into a single result set, which is then returned as part of the HTTP response. The UNION operator can be used to join the results from different tables that have the same number and type of columns. The NULL values are used to match the column types and avoid any errors. This payload can allow the attacker to retrieve data from tables that are not intended to be accessed by the application, such as system tables, configuration tables, or backup tables. However, this payload does not cause any data loss or modification, and it does not affect the functionality or integrity of the application.
References:
1: SQL Injection - OWASP Foundation
2: SQL Injection Payloads: How SQLi exploits work - Bright Security
3: SQL Injection - HackTricks
問題 #538
What is a NULL scan?
答案：A
問題 #539
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從Google Drive中免費下載最新的Testpdf 312-50v13 PDF版考試題庫：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1UTTVKM4qiCdn6tF2Ga-wZkRZ1B-KzEEj