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31. Frage
The Level 1 practice description in CMMC is Foundational. What is the Level 2 practice description?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Understanding CMMC 2.0 Levels and Their DescriptionsTheCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0consists ofthree levels, each representing increasing cybersecurity maturity:
Level 1 - Foundational
Focuses onbasic cyber hygiene
Implements17 practicesaligned withFAR 52.204-21
Primarily protectsFederal Contract Information (FCI)
Level 2 - Advanced(Correct Answer)
Focuses onprotecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)
Implements110 practicesaligned withNIST SP 800-171
Requirestriennial third-party assessments for critical programs
Level 3 - Expert
Focuses onadvanced cybersecurityagainstAPT (Advanced Persistent Threats) ImplementsNIST SP 800-171 and additional NIST SP 800-172 controls Requirestriennial government-led assessments TheCMMC 2.0 framework explicitly describes Level 2 as "Advanced." Italigns with NIST SP 800-171to ensure robustCUI protection.
A). Expert (Incorrect)- This describesLevel 3, not Level 2.
C). Optimizing (Incorrect)- Not a defined CMMC level description.
D). Continuously Improved (Incorrect)- CMMC does not use this terminology.
The correct answer isB. Advanced, which accurately describesCMMC Level 2.
References:
CMMC 2.0 Model Overview
CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide
NIST SP 800-171 & NIST SP 800-172
32. Frage
An OSC has submitted evidence for an upcoming assessment. The assessor reviews the evidence and determines it is not adequate or sufficient to meet the CMMC practice. What can the assessor do?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Step 1: Understand the Assessor's Role and Chain of ResponsibilityDuring a CMMC assessment, the assessor ispart of the team organized by a C3PAO (Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization). If the assessor determines thatevidence is insufficient or inadequate, they arenot authorizedto act independently in terms of halting or postponing the assessment.
Source Reference: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0 - Section 3.5.4 & 3.5.6
"If the Assessment Team identifies gaps in the sufficiency or adequacy of evidence, they must work with the Lead Assessor and C3PAO to determine the appropriate course of action." The C3PAO is responsible for overseeing the assessment lifecycle.
If evidence isnot adequate, the assessor mustescalate within their organization(i.e., to the Lead Assessor or C3PAO point of contact) to:
Request clarifications from the OSC,
Determine if additional evidence can be requested,
Decide on continuing, pausing, or modifying the assessment schedule.
#Step 2: Why Contacting the C3PAO Is the Correct Action
A). Notify the CMMC-AB# Incorrect. The Cyber AB (formerly CMMC-AB) isnot involved in operational aspectsof assessments. They do not manage day-to-day assessment decisions.
B). Cancel the assessment# Incorrect. An assessorcannot unilaterally cancelan assessment. Only theC3PAO, in consultation with all parties, may take such action.
C). Postpone the assessment# Incorrect. Postponements are logistical decisions that must be managed through theC3PAO, not an individual assessor.
#Why the Other Options Are Incorrect
When an assessor determines that the evidence submitted by an OSC is inadequate or insufficient to meet a CMMC practice, thecorrect and required course of action is to consult with the C3PAO. The C3PAO will provide guidance or coordinate appropriate next steps.
33. Frage
During a Level 2 Assessment, an OSC provides documentation that attests that they utilize multifactor authentication on nonlocal remote maintenance sessions. The OSC feels that they have met the controls for the Level 2 certification. What additional measures should the OSC perform to fully meet the maintenance requirement?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
UnderCMMC 2.0 Level 2, which aligns with the requirements ofNIST SP 800-171, maintaining robust control overnonlocal maintenance sessionsis critical. While multifactor authentication (MFA) is a required safeguard for secure access, additional measures must be implemented to fully meet the maintenance requirements as outlined inControl 3.3.5:
Key Requirements for Nonlocal Maintenance:
* Termination of Nonlocal Maintenance Sessions:
* To reduce the attack surface and prevent unauthorized access, nonlocal maintenance connections must be terminated immediately after the maintenance activity is completed. This is a direct requirement to mitigate risks associated with lingering remote sessions that could be exploited by threat actors.
* Supporting Reference:NIST SP 800-171, Control 3.3.5 states: "Ensure that remote maintenance is conducted in a controlled manner and disable connections immediately after use."
* Multifactor Authentication (MFA):
* OSCs are required to implement MFA for nonlocal remote maintenance sessions. MFA must includeat least two factors(e.g., something you know, something you have, or something you are).
* While the OSC's use of MFA satisfies part of the requirement, it does not complete the control unless proper termination procedures are in place.
* Policy and Procedure Adherence:
* The OSC must also document amaintenance policyand ensure it reflects the need for terminating connections post-maintenance. The policy should outline roles, responsibilities, and steps for ensuring secure nonlocal maintenance practices.
Incorrect Options:
* B. Unlimited connections:Allowing unrestricted nonlocal maintenance sessions is a significant security risk and violates the principle of least privilege.
* C. Removing restrictions:Removing restrictions for convenience directly undermines compliance and security.
* D. Multifactor authentication details:While MFA is necessary, the question states the OSC already uses it. Termination of sessions is the missing requirement.
Conclusion:
The requirement toterminate nonlocal maintenance sessions after maintenance is complete(Option A) is critical for compliance withCMMC 2.0 Level 2andNIST SP 800-171, Control 3.3.5. This ensures that nonlocal maintenance activities are secured against unauthorized access and potential vulnerabilities.
34. Frage
In performing scoping, what should the assessor ensure that the scope of the assessment covers?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Scoping Requirements in CMMC Assessments
TheCMMC 2.0 Scoping GuideandCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Documentclearly define what should be included in the scope of an assessment.
The assessment scope must cover:
All assets that process, store, or transmit FCI/CUI
Security Protection Assets (ESP)- these assets help protect FCI/CUI, such as firewalls, endpoint detection systems, and encryption mechanisms.
Thus, thecorrect scope includes both:
#FCI/CUI Assets(Data storage, processing, or transmission assets)
#Security Protection Assets (ESP)(Firewalls, security tools, etc.)
Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect
A). All assets documented in the business plan
#Incorrect.Business plans may include assets unrelated to FCI/CUI, making this scopetoo broad. Only assets relevant to FCI/CUI should be assessed.
B). All assets regardless if they do or do not process, store, or transmit FCI/CUI
#Incorrect. CMMC doesnotrequire organizations to include assets thathave no connection to FCI/CUI.
C). All entities, regardless of the line of business, associated with the organization
#Incorrect.Only the assets relevant to FCI/CUI or security protection should be assessed. Unrelated business divisions (like a non-federal commercial division) areout-of-scope.
CMMC Official References
CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide - Level 1 & Level 2
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
Thus,option D (All assets processing, storing, or transmitting FCI/CUI and security protection assets) is the correct answeras per official CMMC assessment scoping requirements.
35. Frage
What is a PRIMARY activity that is performed while conducting an assessment?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Step 1: Understand the Assessment Phases (CAP v1.0)
TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP)outlines a structured lifecycle for assessments, including:
Plan and Prepare Phase- Develop the assessment plan (before the assessment starts).
Conduct Assessment Phase- Execute the actual assessment activities.
Report Results Phase- Finalize and deliver the assessment outcomes.
CAP v1.0 - Section 3.5 (Conduct Assessment):
"The assessment team collects, examines, and evaluates evidence to determine if practices are MET or NOT MET."
#Step 2: Why "Collect and Examine Evidence" Is the Primary Activity
During the"Conduct Assessment" phase, the main activity is to:
Collect evidence(documentation, interviews, testing),
Validate adequacy and sufficiency,
Score practicesas MET/NOT MET.
This is thecore responsibilityof assessorswhile conductingan assessment.
#Why the Other Options Are Incorrect
A). Develop assessment plan
#This occurs in thePlan and Preparephasebeforeconducting the assessment.
C). Verify readiness to conduct assessment
#Readiness verification is part ofpre-assessment activities, not during the assessment itself.
D). Deliver recommended assessment results
#This is done during theReport Resultsphase after the assessment has been conducted.
Theprimary activity performed during the actual executionof a CMMC assessment iscollecting and examining evidenceto determine compliance with practices.
36. Frage
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