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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Store Management | 26% | - Select appropriate data storage solutions - Optimize storage performance and cost |
| Data Operations and Support | 22% | - Monitor and maintain data pipelines - Troubleshoot data workflow issues |
| Data Ingestion and Transformation | 34% | - Build and manage data pipelines - Ingest and transform data using AWS services |
| Data Security and Governance | 18% | - Apply governance and compliance best practices - Implement data security controls |
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NEW QUESTION # 193
A data engineer is building a new data pipeline that stores metadata in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data engineer must ensure that all items that are older than a specified age are removed from the DynamoDB table daily.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST configuration effort?
Answer: B
Explanation:
DynamoDB Time to Live (TTL) automatically expires and deletes items based on a timestamp attribute - it requires minimal setup and runs without additional infrastructure.
The engineer only needs to define a TTL attribute (e.g., expiration_time) and set its epoch value when items are inserted.
"To automatically delete old items from a DynamoDB table, enable TTL and define a timestamp attribute.
Items are removed automatically after the specified time with no extra maintenance."
- Ace the AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate Certification - version 2 - apple.pdf This is serverless, free, and requires no scheduling or code-based cleanup.
NEW QUESTION # 194
A company currently uses a provisioned Amazon EMR cluster that includes general purpose Amazon EC2 instances. The EMR cluster uses EMR managed scaling betweenone to five task nodes for the company's long- running Apache Spark extract, transform, and load (ETL) job. The company runs the ETL job every day.
When the company runs the ETL job, the EMR cluster quickly scales up to five nodes. The EMR cluster often reaches maximum CPU usage, but the memory usage remains under 30%.
The company wants to modify the EMR cluster configuration to reduce the EMR costs to run the daily ETL job.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The company's Apache Spark ETL job on Amazon EMR uses high CPU but low memory, meaning that compute-optimized EC2 instanceswould be the most cost-effective choice. These instances are designed for high-performance compute applications, where CPU usage is high, but memory needs are minimal, which is exactly the case here.
* Compute Optimized Instances:
* Compute-optimized instances, such as the C5 series, provide a higher ratio of CPU to memory, which is more suitable for jobs with high CPU usage and relatively low memory consumption.
* Switching from general-purpose EC2 instances to compute-optimized instances canreduce costs while improving performance, as these instances are optimized for workloads like Spark jobs that perform a lot of computation.
Reference:Amazon EC2 Compute Optimized Instances
Managed Scaling: The EMR cluster's scaling is currently managed between 1 and 5 nodes, so changing the instance type will leverage the current scaling strategy but optimize it for the workload.
Alternatives Considered:
A (Increase task nodes to 10): Increasing the number of task nodes would increase costs without necessarily improving performance. Since memory usageis low, the bottleneck is more likely the CPU, which compute- optimized instances can handle better.
B (Memory optimized instances): Memory-optimized instances are not suitable since the current job is CPU- bound, and memory usage remains low (under 30%).
D (Reduce scaling cooldown): This could marginally improve scaling speed but does not address the need for cost optimization and improved CPU performance.
References:
Amazon EMR Cluster Optimization
Compute Optimized EC2 Instances
NEW QUESTION # 195
A data engineer must orchestrate a data pipeline that consists of one AWS Lambda function and one AWS Glue job. The solution must integrate with AWS services.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST management overhead?
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS Step Functions is a service that allows you to coordinate multiple AWS services into serverless workflows. You can use Step Functions to create state machines that define the sequence and logic of the tasks in your workflow. Step Functions supports various types of tasks, such as Lambda functions, AWS Glue jobs, Amazon EMR clusters, Amazon ECS tasks, etc. You can use Step Functions to monitor and troubleshoot your workflows, as well as to handle errors and retries.
Using an AWS Step Functions workflow that includes a state machine to run the Lambda function and then the AWS Glue job will meet the requirements with the least management overhead, as it leverages the serverless and managed capabilities of Step Functions. You do not need to write any code to orchestrate the tasks in your workflow, as you can use the Step Functions console or the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) to define and deploy your state machine. You also do not need to provision or manage any servers or clusters, as Step Functions scales automatically based on the demand.
The other options are not as efficient as using an AWS Step Functions workflow. Using an Apache Airflow workflow that is deployed on an Amazon EC2 instance or on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) will require more management overhead, as you will need to provision, configure, and maintain the EC2 instance or the EKS cluster, as well as the Airflow components. You will also need to write and maintain the Airflow DAGs to orchestrate the tasks in your workflow. Using an AWS Glue workflow to run the Lambda function and then the AWS Glue job will not work, as AWS Glue workflows only support AWS Glue jobs and crawlers as tasks, not Lambda functions. Reference:
AWS Step Functions
AWS Glue
AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide, Chapter 6: Data Integration and Transformation, Section 6.3: AWS Step Functions
NEW QUESTION # 196
A data engineer wants to orchestrate a set of extract, transform, and load (ETL) jobs that run on AWS. The ETL jobs contain tasks that must run Apache Spark jobs on Amazon EMR, make API calls to Salesforce, and load data into Amazon Redshift.
The ETL jobs need to handle failures and retries automatically. The data engineer needs to use Python to orchestrate the jobs.
Which service will meet these requirements?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The data engineer needs to orchestrate ETL jobs that include Spark jobs on Amazon EMR, API calls to Salesforce, and loading data into Redshift. They also need automatic failure handling and retries. Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) is the best solution for this requirement.
* Option A: Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA)Apache Airflow is designed for complex job orchestration, allowing users to define workflows (DAGs) in Python. MWAA manages Airflow and its integrations with other AWS services, including Amazon EMR, Redshift, and external APIs like Salesforce. It provides automatic retry handling, failure detection, and detailed monitoring, which fits the use case perfectly.
* Option B (AWS Step Functions) can orchestrate tasks but doesn't natively support complex workflow definitions with Python like Airflow does.
* Option C (AWS Glue) is more focused on ETL and doesn't handle the orchestration of external systems like Salesforce as well as Airflow.
* Option D (Amazon EventBridge) is more suited for event-driven architectures rather than complex workflow orchestration.
References:
Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow
Apache Airflow on AWS
NEW QUESTION # 197
A transportation company wants to track vehicle movements by capturing geolocation records. The records are 10 bytes in size. The company receives up to 10,000 records every second. Data transmission delays of a few minutes are acceptable because of unreliable network conditions.
The transportation company wants to use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest the geolocation data. The company needs a reliable mechanism to send data to Kinesis Data Streams. The company needs to maximize the throughput efficiency of the Kinesis shards.
Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Problem Analysis:
* The company ingests geolocation records (10 bytes each) at 10,000 records per second into Kinesis Data Streams.
* Data transmission delays are acceptable, but the solution must maximize throughput efficiency.
* Key Considerations:
* TheKinesis Producer Library (KPL)batches records and uses aggregation to optimize shard throughput.
* Efficiently handles high-throughput scenarios with minimal operational overhead.
* Solution Analysis:
* Option A: Kinesis Agent
* Designed for file-based ingestion; not optimized for geolocation records.
* Option B: KPL
* Aggregates records into larger payloads, significantly improving shard throughput.
* Suitable for applications generating small, high-frequency records.
* Option C: Kinesis Firehose
* Firehose is for delivery to destinations like S3 or Redshift and is not optimized for direct ingestion to Kinesis Data Streams.
* Option D: Kinesis SDK
* The SDK lacks advanced features like aggregation, resulting in lower throughput efficiency.
* Final Recommendation:
* UseKinesis Producer Library (KPL)for its built-in aggregation and batching capabilities.
:
Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) Overview
Best Practices for Amazon Kinesis
NEW QUESTION # 198
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