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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Digital Evidence Acquisition and Preservation | 15% | - Storage and transport of evidence - Evidence integrity and hashing - Forensic imaging and verification - Data acquisition methods and tools |
| Topic 2: Computer Forensics Fundamentals | 15% | - Types of digital evidence - Concepts and principles of digital forensics - Legal and ethical frameworks - Roles and responsibilities of forensic investigators - Forensic readiness planning |
| Topic 3: Malware and Incident Response Forensics | 10% | - Reporting and documentation - Forensics in incident response - Malware artifacts and indicators - Static and dynamic malware analysis |
| Topic 4: File Systems and Storage Media Analysis | 15% | - Recovering deleted and hidden data - Disk structures and partitions - Metadata analysis - FAT, NTFS, EXT file systems |
| Topic 5: Dark Web and Anti-Forensics | 10% | - Anti-forensics techniques - Tor browser and artifact analysis - Dark web concepts and tools - Detecting and countering anti-forensics |
| Topic 6: Network and Web Forensics | 10% | - Network logs and traffic analysis - Email and messaging forensics - Investigating web attacks - Web server and application logs |
| Topic 7: Operating System Forensics | 10% | - Windows forensics - System artifacts and logs - Mac OS forensics - Linux forensics |
| Topic 8: Computer Forensics Investigation Process | 15% | - Chain of custody and evidence handling - Investigation phase - Post-investigation and reporting - Pre-investigation phase |
DumpTOP의 EC-COUNCIL인증 112-57시험덤프자료는 여러분의 시간,돈 ,정력을 아껴드립니다. 몇개월을 거쳐 시험준비공부를 해야만 패스가능한 시험을DumpTOP의 EC-COUNCIL인증 112-57덤프는 며칠간에도 같은 시험패스 결과를 안겨드릴수 있습니다. EC-COUNCIL인증 112-57시험을 통과하여 자격증을 취득하려면DumpTOP의 EC-COUNCIL인증 112-57덤프로 시험준비공부를 하세요.
질문 # 64
Sam, a digital forensic expert, is working on a case related to file tampering in a system at the administrative department of an organization. In this process, Sam started performing the following steps to analyze the acquired data to draw conclusions related to the case.
1.Analyze the file content for data usage.
2.Analyze the date and time of file creation and modification.
3.Find the users associated with file creation, access, and file modification.
4.Determine the physical storage location of the file.
5.Generate a timeline.
6.Identify the root cause of the incident.
Identify the type of analysis performed by Sam in the above scenario.
정답：A
설명：
The listed actions describe theexamination and interpretation of acquired evidence, which aligns withdata analysisin the digital forensics investigation process. After collection and acquisition, examiners analyze evidence by validating what the data contains (file content and usage), interpretingMAC times(creation
/modification and related timestamps), attributing actions tousers and accounts(who created, accessed, or modified the file), and determiningwhere the file resides physically/logicallyon storage (path, volume, clusters
/blocks, and whether it appears in allocated/unallocated areas). Generating atimelineis a core analytical task used to correlate file events with system activity and other artifacts to reconstruct sequence and intent. Finally,
"identify the root cause of the incident" represents the analytical conclusion derived from correlating artifacts and timeline events.
The other choices do not match the described work.Search and seizureis the legal/field activity of locating and securing evidence sources, not interpreting artifacts.Reportingis the documentation phase after analysis, where findings and methods are written up.Case analysisis broader and can include overall strategy and interpretation, but the question's focus is explicitly on analyzing acquired data and producing forensic conclusions, which isdata analysis.
질문 # 65
A forensic investigator is collecting volatile data such as system information and network information present in the registries, cache, DLLs, and RAM of digital devices through its normal interface.
Identify the data acquisition method the investigator is performing.
정답：C
설명：
The scenario describes the investigator collectingvolatileartifacts-specifically information inRAM, activeDLLs, system and network state, and transient data held incacheand similar runtime locations-through the device's normal interface while the system is running. In digital forensics documentation, this is the defining characteristic oflive acquisition(also called live response). Live acquisition is performed when the system remains powered on so that investigators can capture evidence that would be lost on shutdown, such as running processes, open network connections, logged-on sessions, loaded modules/DLLs, encryption keys, and portions of registry data that exist in memory or are actively changing.
By contrast,static acquisitionanddead acquisitionare conducted when the system is powered off (or the evidence drive is imaged outside the running OS), focusing primarily on persistent storage such as disk sectors and file system structures.Non-volatile data acquisitionrefers to collecting persistent data stored on media (e.g., files on disk), which does not match the emphasis on RAM and other volatile components in the question. Because the investigator is explicitly collecting volatile data from a running system via its normal interface, the correct method isLive acquisition (B).
질문 # 66
Which of the following file systems of Windows replaces the first letter of a deleted file name with the hex byte code "e5h"?
정답：C
설명：
InFAT (File Allocation Table)file systems (FAT12/16/32), directory entries are fixed-size records that include an8.3 filename field. When a file is deleted, FAT typically does not immediately erase the file's content; instead, it marks the directory entry as deleted by replacing thefirst character of the filenamewith the special marker byte0xE5(often written asE5h). This is a key forensic behavior because it means the file's metadata entry may still be present in the directory table, and the data clusters may remain recoverable until they are reused and overwritten. Examiners can often reconstruct the original filename's first character only through context or by correlating other artifacts, but the remainder of the directory entry (timestamps, size, starting cluster) can still assist recovery.
The other options do not match this mechanism.NTFSuses Master File Table records and marks deletions differently (file record flags and index changes), not by overwriting the first filename byte with E5h.EFSis an encryption feature layered on NTFS, not a distinct file system deletion marker.FHSis a UNIX/Linux directory layout standard, unrelated to Windows disk structures. Therefore, the correct answer isFAT (A).
질문 # 67
Bob, a forensic investigator, was instructed to review a Windows machine and identify any anonymous activities performed using it. In this process, Bob used the command "netstat -ano" to view all the active connections in the system and determined that the connections established by the Tor browser were closed.
Which of the following states of the connections established by Tor indicates that the Tor browser is closed?
정답：C
설명：
In Windows network forensics,netstat -anois commonly used to correlateTCP connection stateswithprocess identifiers (PIDs)to understand which application created or used a connection. When Tor Browser is actively communicating, outbound circuits typically appear asESTABLISHEDconnections to Tor relays (entry/guard nodes) or local loopback endpoints used by Tor components. After the browser is closed and the application tears down connections, Windows TCP/IP behavior often leaves recently closed sockets inTIME_WAIT.
TIME_WAITis a normal TCP state that appears after a connection has been actively closed. It exists to ensure delayed packets from the old session are not misinterpreted as belonging to a new session and to allow proper retransmission of the final ACK if needed. From an investigative standpoint, seeing Tor-related endpoints transition from ESTABLISHED toTIME_WAITstrongly indicates the sessions were terminated and the application is no longer maintaining live network traffic.
By contrast,CLOSE_WAITusually means the remote side has closed but the local application has not fully closed its socket yet,LISTENINGindicates a service waiting for inbound connections, andESTABLISHEDmeans the session is still active. Therefore,TIME_WAIT (B)best indicates Tor Browser connections have been closed.
질문 # 68
Cooper, a forensic analyst, was examining a RAM dump extracted from a Linux system. In this process, he employed an automated tool, Volatility Framework, to identify any malicious code hidden inside the memory.
Which of the following plugins of the Volatility Framework helps Cooper detect hidden or injected files in the memory?
정답：C
설명：
In memory forensics, "hidden or injected" malicious code typically refers toprocess injection,code caves, unbacked executable mappings, or regions of memory that aremarked executablebut do not align with normal, file-backed program segments. The Volatility Framework provides specialized plugins to locate these suspicious patterns.linux_malfindis the plugin designed to detectpotentially injected codeby scanning a process's memory mappings for characteristics that commonly indicate malicious presence-such asexecutable anonymous mappings, unusual permissions (e.g., RWX), and memory regions that contain shellcode-like byte patterns. This is highly relevant when malware attempts to avoid disk artifacts by living in memory or by injecting payloads into legitimate processes.
By contrast,linux_netstatis used to enumerate network connections and sockets from memory (useful for C2 analysis), but it does not focus on injected code regions.ip addr showandnmap -sU localhostare live-system networking commands, not Volatility plugins, and they are not suitable for analyzing a captured RAM image.
Therefore, to detect hidden/injected malicious code in a Linux RAM dump using Volatility, the correct plugin islinux_malfind (A).
질문 # 69
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