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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Processing & centrifugation - Specimen rejection criteria - Transport & storage requirements - Aliquoting & preservation - Documentation & tracking |
| Patient Preparation | 20% | - Patient identification & verification - Site selection & preparation - Requisition review & test verification - Patient positioning & comfort - Informed consent & communication |
| Special Collections | 12% | - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Safety and Compliance | 26% | - PPE & sharps disposal - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Infection control & OSHA standards - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - Quality control & error prevention |
| Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Post-collection care & labeling - Capillary puncture procedures - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Order of draw & tube selection |
>> Reliable Phlebotomy-Technician Test Notes <<
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NEW QUESTION # 40
Which of the following findings should cause a phlebotomist to delay collection and seek assistance?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A patient who is diaphoretic and says they feel faint requires the phlebotomist to delay collection and seek assistance. Diaphoresis, dizziness, pallor, nausea, and weakness can signal an impending syncopal episode. Continuing with venipuncture in this condition increases the risk of falls, needle injury, hematoma, and patient harm. Confirming date of birth is normal patient identification. Asking which arm will be used is a reasonable patient question and does not require delay. A visible median cubital vein is generally favorable for routine venipuncture. The phlebotomist should position the patient safely, preferably reclining or lying down if fainting risk is present, notify appropriate personnel, and proceed only when safe according to facility policy. If symptoms occur during a draw, the technician should remove the tourniquet and needle when safe, activate the safety device, call for help, and monitor the patient. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; syncope warning signs; patient assessment; collection delay; emergency response.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which of the following types of medication is an indication for an INR draw?
Answer: B
Explanation:
An anticoagulant is the medication type most directly associated with an INR draw. INR, or international normalized ratio, is used to evaluate clotting time and is especially important for monitoring patients who take warfarin or other anticoagulant therapy. These medications reduce the blood's ability to clot, so laboratory monitoring helps determine whether the patient is within the therapeutic range or at risk for bleeding or clotting complications. Anti-inflammatory medications may affect bleeding risk in some situations, but they are not the primary indication for an INR draw. Antihistamines are used for allergic symptoms, and antiemetics are used for nausea or vomiting; neither is routinely monitored by INR. From a phlebotomy standpoint, anticoagulant therapy also alerts the technician to apply pressure longer after venipuncture and observe for prolonged bleeding. Reference topics: Special Collections; coagulation testing; point-of-care INR; medication-related collection considerations; hemostasis. The NHA CPT test plan includes special collections, waived testing, and coagulation/hemostasis-related competencies.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following is the life span of an erythrocyte?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The life span of an erythrocyte, or red blood cell, is approximately 120 days. Erythrocytes are specialized cells that transport oxygen through hemoglobin and support carbon dioxide transport from tissues back to the lungs. Because mature erythrocytes lack nuclei and many organelles, they cannot repair themselves indefinitely; they gradually lose membrane flexibility and are removed primarily by the spleen and reticuloendothelial system. A 14-day lifespan is far too short for normal red blood cells and is more consistent with certain abnormal disease states or other cellular turnover concepts. Eighty days and 160 days are not the standard lifespan used in basic hematology. This knowledge matters in phlebotomy because blood collection, CBC interpretation context, hemolysis awareness, and specimen quality all depend on understanding blood components. The phlebotomist is not diagnosing anemia or hemolytic disease, but must understand formed elements and their general characteristics. Reference topics: Phlebotomy Fundamentals; blood composition; erythrocytes; hematology basics; CBC-related concepts. MedlinePlus states that red blood cells live about 120 days.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take before palpating a vein?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should put on gloves before palpating a vein. Gloves are required because the phlebotomist is preparing for an invasive procedure with potential blood exposure. Palpation helps assess vein size, depth, direction, resilience, and suitability, but it must occur after hand hygiene and glove application. Removing the needle cap before site selection is unsafe because it exposes the needle unnecessarily and increases needlestick risk. Labeling collection tubes before collection is improper because tubes must be labeled after collection in the presence of the patient to prevent misidentification. Asking the patient to bend the arm is not appropriate for vein palpation and is especially unsafe after needle removal because bending the arm can cause hematoma formation. The correct sequence is patient identification, hand hygiene, gloves, position patient, apply tourniquet, select/palpate vein, release/reapply tourniquet as needed, clean site, allow antiseptic to dry, anchor, and perform venipuncture. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; glove use; vein palpation; venipuncture sequence; patient safety.
NEW QUESTION # 44
A phlebotomist is collecting from a patient under droplet precautions. Which of the following PPE is most directly indicated?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A surgical mask is most directly indicated for droplet precautions. Droplet precautions are used for organisms transmitted through respiratory droplets generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking. The mask helps protect the phlebotomist's nose and mouth from exposure at close range. A lead apron is used for radiation protection and has no role in droplet isolation. A sterile gown alone does not protect the respiratory mucosa and is not the primary droplet precaution. Shoe covers alone do not address droplet transmission. Depending on facility signage and procedure risk, additional PPE such as eye protection, gown, or gloves may be required, but from the options given, a surgical mask is the key droplet precaution. The phlebotomist should check isolation signs before entering, bring only necessary supplies, perform hand hygiene, wear PPE correctly, and remove PPE safely before leaving. This item tests transmission-based precaution matching: contact, droplet, airborne, and protective isolation are not interchangeable. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; droplet precautions; PPE; isolation signage; infection control.
NEW QUESTION # 45
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