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55. Frage
A SaaS company recently experienced a security incident where an ethical hacker privately disclosed a vulnerability that allowed unauthorized access to sensitive customer data. Although the issue was patched quickly, the company realized that they lacked a structured program to encourage responsible vulnerability disclosure, manage security reports from ethical hackers efficiently and incentivize researchers to responsibly report security flaws. To address this gap, the company decides to implement a widely recognized vulnerability reporting program that supports Google and third-party applications while providing bounties or recognition for security disclosures. Which initiative should the company adopt?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Google Bug Hunters is Google's widely recognized vulnerability reward (bug bounty) program. It covers Google products and third-party applications, encourages responsible disclosure, provides a structured channel for managing reports from ethical hackers, and offers bounties or recognition for valid findings. This matches the company's need for a structured, incentivized vulnerability reporting program. Kubernetes Security Hub and Google Cloud Armor are not bounty programs, and the Azure program does not cover Google applications.
56. Frage
(Debra Aniston has recently joined an MNC company as a DevSecOps engineer. Her organization develops various types of software products and web applications. The DevSecOps team leader provided an application code and asked Debra to detect and mitigate security issues. Debra used w3af tool and detected cross-site scripting and SQL injection vulnerability in the source code. Based on this information, which category of security testing tools is represented by w3af?.)
Antwort: C
Begründung:
w3af (Web Application Attack and Audit Framework) is aDynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tool. It analyzes running web applications by sending crafted requests and observing responses to identify vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and authentication flaws. Unlike SAST tools, w3af does not require access to source code and instead operates externally, simulating real-world attack behavior.
SCA focuses on third-party dependencies, and IAST requires runtime instrumentation within the application.
Since Debra detected vulnerabilities by actively interacting with the application, w3af clearly represents DAST. DAST tools are especially valuable during the Build and Test stage, as they validate application behavior from an attacker's perspective before deployment.
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57. Frage
Kenneth Danziger is a certified DevSecOps engineer, and he recently got a job in an IT company that develops software products related to the healthcare industry. To identify security and compliance issues in the source code and quickly fix them before they impact the source code, Kenneth would like to integrate WhiteSource SCA tool with AWS. Therefore, to integrate WhiteSource SCA Tool in AWS CodeBuild for initiating scanning in the code repository, he built a buildspec.yml file to the source code root directory and added the following command to pre-build phase curl -LJO https://github.com/whitesource/unified-agent- distribution/raw/master/standAlone/wss_agent.sh. Which of the following script files will the above step download in Kenneth organization's CodeBuild server?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
The command shown in the pre-build phase explicitly targets a script named wss_agent.sh. The curl - LJO flags mean: -L follows redirects, -J honors the server-provided filename in the Content- Disposition header (when present), and -O writes output to a local file using the remote name.
Since the requested path ends with wss_agent.sh, the downloaded file on the AWS CodeBuild server will be wss_agent.sh. This script is the WhiteSource (now commonly referred to as Mend in many environments) unified agent shell wrapper used to run SCA scans as part of a CI pipeline. Integrating SCA during the Build and Test stage helps detect vulnerable open-source dependencies and licensing/compliance issues early, when fixes are cheapest. The other filenames (ssw_agent.sh, cbs_agent.sh, aws_agent.sh) are distractors; they are not referenced by the provided command and would not be downloaded by that step.
58. Frage
(Brady Coleman is a senior DevSecOps engineer at CloudVac Security Private Ltd. He has created a new container named "eccbrad" from the centos:7 image using the command docker run -i -t --name geeklab centos:7 /bin/bash. Now, Brady wants to install the httpd package inside the eccbrad container. Which of the following commands should Brady use to install the httpd package inside the container?)
Antwort: C
Begründung:
The CentOS operating system uses theyumpackage manager to install software packages. Inside a CentOS- based Docker container, the correct way to install the Apache HTTP Server is by running yum install httpd.
Containers typically run as the root user by default, making the use of sudo unnecessary. Commands such as install-httpd are invalid because yum requires the install keyword followed by the package name separated by a space. Installing required packages inside containers should be done carefully to avoid bloating images and increasing the attack surface. During the Operate and Monitor stage, DevSecOps teams must balance functionality with container hardening best practices by installing only necessary components.
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59. Frage
Isabela Marques, a DevSecOps engineer at a Porto software consultancy, wants developers to receive immediate feedback about newly introduced vulnerabilities directly within their pull request, before a reviewer even looks at the code, rather than waiting for a separate nightly scan report. What practice best achieves this?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Integrating SAST and SCA tools directly into the pull request CI workflow allows automated scans to run as soon as a PR is opened or updated, posting results and annotations inline before a human reviewer even examines the code, which provides the fast, "shift-left" feedback loop Isabela wants. Scheduling a weekly manual penetration test provides feedback far too infrequently and too late relative to individual pull requests. Waiting for production incident reports is entirely reactive and represents the latest, most costly point at which to discover a vulnerability.
Running scans only after each quarterly release delays feedback by months, defeating the purpose of continuous, rapid developer feedback. Since Isabela wants immediate, PR-level automated vulnerability feedback, integrating SAST/SCA into the PR CI workflow is correct.
60. Frage
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