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| Section | Objectives |
|---|
| Understand the use of specifications in procurement and supply | |
| Understand market management in procurement and supply | - Compare the competitive forces that influence markets
- 1. Bargaining strength of suppliers and buyers
- 2. Availability of substitutes and threat of new entrants
- Contrast direct costs and indirect costs
- 1. Sources of information to estimate costs and prices
|
| Understand how to develop a business case for requirements to be sourced from external suppliers | - Analyse how market factors affect procurement
|
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CIPS Defining Business Needs Sample Questions (Q127-Q132):
NEW QUESTION # 127
When analysing competitive forces in a market, which of the following can be seen as a supplier having low bargaining power? Select TWO that apply.
- A. High quality products
- B. Low switching costs between products
- C. Low levels of innovation
- D. A high number of substitutes available
- E. Low competition in the marketplace
Answer: B,D
NEW QUESTION # 128
Which of the following will help the bargaining strength of a buyer?
* The buyer has the option to make the product in-house
* There are a limited number of suppliers available to the buyer
* The buyer's switching costs are high
* The buyer's spend is a high proportion of the supplier's revenue
- A. 2 and 3 only
- B. 2 and 4 only
- C. 1 and 2 only
- D. 1 and 4 only
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:
* 1 (Make in-house): The ability to produce in-house reduces dependency on suppliers, strengthening buyer power.
* 4 (High spend proportion): A high proportion of spend gives buyers leverage over suppliers who are reliant on their revenue.Limited suppliers (2) and high switching costs (3) reduce buyer bargaining power. Reference: CIPS Level 4, Market Power Analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 129
Builder Inc is a rapidly expanding business in construction sector. Due to an increase in projects, it cannot manage the flow of materials by Excel spreadsheets but by more dedicated software. Who would be a key internal stakeholder in defining software compatibility with company's current system?
- A. IT team
- B. Procurement team
- C. Finance team
- D. Executive team
Answer: A
Explanation:
Internal stakeholders may contribute to defining needs and drafting the specification by using their technical expertise. In this scenario, IT team may consult procurement team on the technical specification of the software, including compatibility with company's current IT system.
Reference:
LO 3, AC 3.4
NEW QUESTION # 130
The bargaining strength of suppliers is likely to be high in which of the following situations? Select TWO that apply:
- A. The buyer is large in size relative to the supplier
- B. The buyer requirement is urgent
- C. There is a limited number of suppliers in relation to buyers
- D. The buyer is educated on supply markets
- E. The buyer spend is a high proportion of a supplier's revenue
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:
B (Limited number of suppliers): Fewer suppliers lead to higher bargaining power due to reduced competition.
E (Urgent buyer requirement): Suppliers gain leverage when buyers have limited time to source alternatives.
Education on markets and buyer size are factors that strengthen buyer, not supplier, bargaining power.
Reference: CIPS Level 4, Supplier Negotiation and Market Power.
NEW QUESTION # 131
An organisation's procurement team is in the best position to make the following contribution to the specification development process, to ...
- A. Argue in favour of using conformance specifications, instead of performance specifications
- B. Provide advice that the economic order quantity is the most important factor in the drafting of specifications
- C. Ensure that the views of the suppliers are given priority over those of other stakeholders
- D. Provide the supply market perspectives, in terms of the potential suppliers and alternative solutions
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:
Procurement teams bring valuable market insights, helping stakeholders understand supplier capabilities, potential risks, and alternative solutions. This knowledge ensures that specifications are both realistic and aligned with market conditions. Reference: CIPS Level 4, Specification Development and Supplier Collaboration.
NEW QUESTION # 132
......
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