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質問 # 72
You are in the closing meeting of a second-party audit to ISO 45001. Which three of the following topics are most likely to come for discussion?
正解：A、C、G
解説：
The closing meeting of a second-party audit focuses on the findings, conformance to agreed requirements, and areas for improvement. ISO 19011:2018 provides guidance on closing meetings, stating that the results of the audit, including conformity with criteria, must be reviewed and agreed upon.
Analysis of Options:
* A. The names and email addresses of attendees at the closing meeting:Irrelevant. Attendance details are not part of the audit discussion.
* B. The extent of the auditee's documented information system:While relevant during the audit, it is not typically a focus in the closing meeting.
* C. The extent to which the auditee is conforming to OH&S requirements in supply contracts:
Correct. Second-party audits often assess compliance with contractual requirements.
* D. The extent to which the auditee conforms to ISO 45001 requirements:Correct. The core purpose of the audit is to evaluate conformity to ISO 45001.
* E. The nature of the trading relationship between the organizations:Correct. The trading relationship often shapes the scope and context of second-party audits.
* F. Whether the audit has correctly performed in current contracts with other customers:
Irrelevant. The focus is on the specific audit, not contracts with other customers.
* G. Whether the work instructions for a specific OH&S process are focused on efficiency:
Irrelevant. Efficiency is not the primary focus of an OH&S audit.
ISO References:
* ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.6.1: Conducting the closing meeting.
* ISO 45001:2018, Clause 9.2: Internal audit requirements.
質問 # 73
Think about a Stage 1 initial certification audit. Which one of the following statements is true?
正解：C
解説：
Stage 1 is the readiness and preliminary assessment stage of an initial certification audit. Its purposes include reviewing relevant management-system documented information, assessing site-specific conditions and determining whether the organisation is sufficiently prepared for Stage 2. Any weaknesses that could become nonconformities during Stage 2 can therefore be communicated as areas of concern, making C correct. Option A is incorrect because ISO 19011 provides auditing guidance; the formal two-stage certification requirements are established through ISO/IEC 17021-1. Option B describes the more extensive Stage 2 assessment, where effective implementation and conformity are evaluated. Option D is also incorrect because discussions with client personnel form part of Stage 1 readiness determination. ISO 45001 Lead Auditor training material explicitly identifies Stage 1 areas of concern that could become Stage 2 nonconformities.
質問 # 74
An auditor of a manufacturer of plastic packaging products for the food industry found a nonconformity in an internal audit report raised against section 10.2 of ISO 45001 in Report IA202. The nonconformity (NC3) stated: "The level of reported health and safety incidents has increased by 9.7% over the last 12 months. This included an increase in reported accidents." Against this background, the third-party audit team found more than twenty minor nonconformities during the audit, which they agreed should be combined into one major nonconformity against clause 4.4 of ISO 45001. "The organisation has failed to demonstrate that it is maintaining and continually improving a health and safety management system." Select two options which would represent acceptable corrective actions for the nonconformity.
正解：D、E
解説：
Clause 4.4 of ISO 45001 requires organizations to establish, implement, maintain, and continually improve an OH&S management system. The corrective actions must address systemic issues, involve leadership commitment, and aim to foster a strong safety culture.
Analysis of Options:
A . Top management initiated a comprehensive review of internal and external issues:
Correct. A review of internal and external issues aligns with Clause 4.1 and demonstrates leadership commitment.
B . Union representatives were invited to attend OH&S management meetings:
Incorrect. While participation is valuable, it is not a systemic corrective action.
C . Top management developed and is leading a programme to promote an effective culture of support:
Correct. Promoting a safety culture is a proactive measure and aligns with Clause 5.1 (Leadership).
D . Staff from departments with nonconformities received regular safety training during toolbox talks:
Incorrect. While training addresses specific gaps, it does not address systemic issues.
E . External consultants conducted a gap analysis of the OHSMS:
Incorrect. While helpful, this action does not demonstrate leadership or address systemic improvement.
F . OH&S champions were appointed in each department to report near misses and incidents:
Incorrect. This is a good practice but does not directly address Clause 4.4's requirement for systemic improvement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 4.4: Maintaining and improving the OH&S management system.
Clause 5.1: Leadership and commitment.
Clause 10.3: Continual improvement.
質問 # 75
For the purpose of operating an ISO 45001-based Occupational Health and Safety Management System, which two of the following are relevant requirements of a relevant interested party?
正解：A、C
解説：
ISO 45001 Clause 4.2 requires the organization to determine the relevant interested parties, their relevant needs and expectations (requirements), and which of those become legal or other requirements for the OH and S management system. Workers are explicitly central to ISO 45001, and the standard is aimed at providing safe and healthy workplaces and preventing work-related injury and ill health. Therefore, A. Workers requiring a safe environment in which to work is clearly a relevant requirement of a relevant interested party.
ISO 45001 Annex A.4.2 lists suppliers, contractors and subcontractors among examples of interested parties.
Since externally provided products and services can affect OH and S performance, a requirement linked to minimizing the risk of harm in those products and services is relevant to the OH and S management system.
That is why B. Subcontractor producing products and services that minimise the risk of harm is also relevant.
It aligns with the standard's treatment of contractors/subcontractors as interested parties and with operational control over externally provided products and services that can affect OH and S.
Why the others are not correct:
C). Competitors requiring information on the organisation ' s work environment is not a relevant OH and S requirement.
D). Top management requiring an annual bonus is a financial/personal issue, not an OH and S interested-party requirement.
E). Investors requiring maximum growth in return for their capital is a business expectation, but not a relevant OH and S requirement in this context.
F). Shareholders requiring guaranteed dividend payments is also financial and not relevant to the OH and S management system, even though shareholders may be interested parties in a broader business sense. ISO
45001 requires only the needs and expectations that are relevant to the OH and SMS to be determined.
質問 # 76
Which one of the following options identifies the information that the audit team leader should communicate to the auditee before the closing meeting?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A. Audit findings that pose a significant health and safety risk.
In management system auditing practice, the audit team leader is expected to maintain communication with the auditee during the audit, especially when serious issues are identified. Where audit evidence indicates a significant risk, this should be communicated without waiting for the closing meeting, so the organization can take prompt action if needed. ISO guidance on conducting audits emphasizes communication during the audit and presentation of findings and conclusions at the closing meeting, while serious risks are handled immediately rather than being delayed. (ISO) Why the other options are not correct:
B). The outcome of the audit, including the conclusion is normally communicated at the closing meeting, not before it. (Advisera) C). Diverging opinions within the audit team are internal audit team matters. Only unresolved issues relevant to audit results may be raised appropriately, but internal team differences are not the key information to communicate beforehand.
D). Performance of individual workers when responding to health and safety-related questions is not the purpose of audit reporting. A management system audit evaluates the system and its implementation, not individual worker appraisal.
Therefore, the information that should be communicated to the auditee before the closing meeting is:
A). Audit findings that pose a significant health and safety risk.
質問 # 77
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