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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Value Methodology Core Competencies | - VM Facilitation and Leadership - VM Study Execution and Team Management - Function Analysis - Value Concept
- Value Methodology Job Plan Application - Value Methodology Foundations
|
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質問 # 106
Which of the following actions demonstrate brainwriting during the Creativity Phase?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is A . Brainwriting is an idea-generation technique in which participants first develop ideas individually and silently in written form before the ideas are shared, reviewed, or expanded by the group. This fits the Creativity Phase because the purpose of that phase is to generate a quantity of ideas related to alternative ways of performing required functions. The SAVE Study Guide identifies the Creative Phase purpose as generating "a quantity of ideas" and asks the fundamental question: "How else may the functions be performed?" It also emphasizes establishing rules that protect the creative environment and using group idea-stimulation techniques. ( ) Option B describes verbal brainstorming, not brainwriting. Option C is incorrect because feasibility screening belongs later in the Evaluation Phase; limiting ideas during creativity suppresses innovation. Option D contains a partial brainwriting concept, because some brainwriting methods allow participants to build on others' ideas, but the wording "instead of developing their own" is too restrictive and does not represent the core method. Brainwriting begins with silent individual idea capture.
References/topics: Creativity Phase; Idea Generation; Creativity Ground Rules; Group Idea-Stimulation Techniques; Brainwriting.
質問 # 107
What is the role of the designer during the Information Phase?
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is D. Describe the project . During the Information Phase, the VM team must gain a shared and factual understanding of the project before performing function analysis or generating alternatives.
The designer's role is to explain the current design, project background, design intent, major assumptions, technical criteria, constraints, drawings, specifications, cost basis, and reasons behind key design decisions.
This helps the VM team understand what has been proposed, why it has been proposed, and what limits or requirements must be respected during the study.
Option A is not the best answer because defining expectations is usually led by the sponsor, owner, or VM facilitator during planning and study setup. Option B belongs primarily to the Preparation Phase, where the study scope, participants, agenda, and logistics are established. Option C is incorrect because identifying functions is the responsibility of the VM team during the Function Analysis Phase, not the designer's primary role in the Information Phase.
The designer provides the technical baseline; the VM team then analyzes that baseline objectively. Without a clear project description, later phases may address the wrong problem or challenge valid requirements incorrectly.
References/topics: Information Phase; Designer Role; Project Background; Design Intent; VM Job Plan.
質問 # 108
Which of the following are appropriate techniques to achieve the expected output of the Evaluation Phase?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is C. Coarse, medium, and fine filters . In the VM Job Plan, the Evaluation Phase converts the large number of ideas generated during the Creativity Phase into a smaller, rationally selected group of ideas suitable for Development. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard states that the Evaluation Phase uses a structured evaluation process to select ideas with potential for value improvement while still delivering required functions and respecting performance requirements and resource limits. ( ) The SAVE International Core Competencies directly classify Evaluation Phase techniques as coarse filter, medium filter, and fine filter methods. These appear under "Apply Evaluation Techniques," with coarse filters representing simple screening, medium filters supporting intermediate comparison, and fine filters supporting more detailed evaluation before ideas move into development. ( ) Option A, weighted evaluation, can be part of a detailed or fine-filter evaluation, but it is not the complete filtering approach named in the CVS/VM Guide framework. Options B and D are more closely associated with idea generation or creative stimulation, not the primary structured filtering process of the Evaluation Phase.
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Apply Evaluation Techniques; Coarse Filter; Medium Filter; Fine Filter; Idea Selection.
質問 # 109
Place the steps of the Random Function Identification Technique in the correct order.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
1. Review information # 2. Create matrix or table # 3. List elements or components # 4. Brainstorm functions
# 5. Identify basic function(s)
The correct sequence follows the Function Analysis Phase logic used in Value Methodology. The team must first review information so that the subject under study is understood before any function statements are generated. SAVE's VMF curriculum places Random Function Identification directly within the Function Analysis Phase, after defining functions and before FAST diagramming and function-resource matrices. ( SAVE International Online Courses ) After reviewing the available data, the facilitator creates a matrix or table to organize the analysis. The team then lists the physical or process elements/components being examined. Once the elements are visible, the team can brainstorm functions using the required active verb and measurable noun format. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard states that the Function Analysis Phase begins by identifying and defining work and sell functions using active verbs and measurable nouns, and notes that this is often called Random Function Definition . ( courses.washington.edu ) The final step is to identify the basic function(s) because basic-function classification can only be done after candidate functions have been generated. This aligns with the Standard's sequence: define functions first, then classify them as basic or secondary. ( courses.washington.edu ) References/topics: Function Analysis Phase; Random Function Identification; Function Definition; Basic Function Classification.
質問 # 110
Projects generally begin with basic assumptions. These can become criteria or "requirements." What should the VM study team do with these assumptions?
Choose 2 answers.
正解：B、C
解説：
The correct answers are A and D . In a VM study, assumptions must not be accepted automatically as fixed requirements. Many projects begin with assumptions about user needs, design criteria, operating conditions, owner preferences, codes, capacities, materials, schedules, or performance expectations. Over time, these assumptions may become treated as mandatory requirements even when they have not been tested. The VM study team's responsibility is to examine them objectively.
The team should challenge assumptions with facts because unsupported assumptions can restrict creativity, increase cost, and prevent better value solutions. Challenging does not mean rejecting them blindly; it means asking whether the assumption is true, current, measurable, and necessary to perform the required function.
The team should also verify assumptions through project data, stakeholder input, customer needs, technical criteria, codes, standards, cost information, and performance requirements. Verified assumptions may remain as valid constraints or criteria. Unverified assumptions should not control the study.
Option B is incorrect because assumptions should not simply be replaced without analysis. Option C is incorrect because accepting assumptions as facts can cause the team to preserve unnecessary cost and miss value-improvement opportunities.
References/topics: Information Phase; Assumptions; Criteria and Requirements; Fact-Based Analysis; VM Job Plan.
質問 # 111
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