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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| IPv6 Routing | 20% | - BGP4+ and IPv6 route deployment - IPv6 addressing and transition technologies - OSPFv3 and IS-IS for IPv6 |
| Network Troubleshooting | 10% | - Troubleshooting routing and switching issues - Fault diagnosis and analysis methods |
| Network O&M | 7% | - Performance optimization and capacity planning - Network monitoring and management tools |
| MPLS Technologies | 19% | - MPLS VPN and traffic engineering - MPLS basics and label distribution - MPLS protection and fast reroute |
| Advanced Ethernet Technologies | 10% | - VLAN stacking and QinQ - Ethernet OAM and protection mechanisms - Advanced link aggregation and reliability |
| Advanced BGP Features | 10% | - Route reflectors and confederations - BGP route attributes and policies - BGP path control and filtering |
| Advanced IGP Features | 17% | - IS-IS advanced features and convergence - IGP route selection and control - OSPF advanced features and optimization |
| Network Cutover and Migration | 7% | - Service switchover and verification - Migration strategies and risk control |
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NEW QUESTION # 196
On the network shown in the figure, EBGP peer relationships are established between neighboring routers through directly connected interfaces.
* The router ID of each router is 10.0.X.X, and the AS number is 6500X, where X is the number of the router.
* Both R1 and R4 have static routes to 192.168.1.0/24, which are imported to BGP through the import-route command.
Which of the following statements are true?
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the BGP Network Topology in the Question:
* EBGP Peering
* Each router forms EBGP peer relationships with directly connected neighbors.
* This is a fully meshed topology, meaning each router exchanges BGP routes with its adjacent routers.
* Routing Information for 192.168.1.0/24
* R1 and R4 import the static route 192.168.1.0/24 into BGP.
* Since BGP prefers the shortest AS path, traffic to 192.168.1.0/24 will follow the shortest path to R1 or R4.
Route Analysis for Each Statement:
Statement A: R6 # R5 # R4 # (Correct)
* R6 does not have a direct route to 192.168.1.0/24, so it must rely on BGP advertisements from its EBGP neighbors.
* R5 learns the route to 192.168.1.0/24 from R4.
* Therefore, R6 forwards traffic to R5, and then R5 sends it to R4.
# Correct path: R6 # R5 # R4
Statement B: R5 # R4 # (Correct)
* R5 is directly connected to R4, and since R4 advertises the 192.168.1.0/24 route via BGP,
* R5 will forward traffic directly to R4 as the shortest AS path.
# Correct path: R5 # R4
Statement C: R2 # R1 # (Correct)
* R2 is directly connected to R1 and learns the 192.168.1.0/24 route from R1 via BGP.
* Since R1 advertises the static route, R2 forwards traffic directly to R1.
# Correct path: R2 # R1
Statement D: R3 # R2 # R1 # (Correct)
* R3 is directly connected to R2 and learns the 192.168.1.0/24 route from R2 via BGP.
* Since R2 prefers R1 as the shortest AS path to 192.168.1.0/24,
* R3 will send traffic to R2, and R2 will send it to R1.
# Correct path: R3 # R2 # R1
Final Conclusion:
# A. The path for traffic from R6 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R6 # R5 # R4.# B. The path for traffic from R5 to
192.168.1.0/24 is R5 # R4.# C. The path for traffic from R2 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R2 # R1.# D. The path for traffic from R3 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R3 # R2 # R1.
Thus, the correct answers are: A, B, C, D.
NEW QUESTION # 197
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, drag the values on the left to the correct positions so that:
* Traffic from PC1 to PC2 follows the path:PC1 -> R1 -> R3 -> R2 -> PC2
* Traffic from PC2 to PC1 follows the path:PC2 -> R2 -> R1 -> PC1
Which of the following OSPF cost values should be assigned to Cost-A, Cost-B, and Cost-C to achieve this routing behavior?
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* A = 50
* B = 10
* C = 20
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding OSPF Path Selection and Cost Calculation:
* OSPF selects the shortest path (lowest cost) to the destination.
* The OSPF cost is determined by the cumulative sum of interface costs along a path.
* By assigning specific costs to A, B, and C, we can influence OSPF's path selection to meet the desired routing behavior.
Step-by-Step Analysis of Required Traffic Flow:
1. Traffic from PC1 to PC2 must take the route:
PC1 -> R1 -> R3 -> R2 -> PC2
* To force traffic through R3, the cost of the direct link R1 -> R2 (Cost-A) must be higher than the alternative path via R3.
* We assign Cost-A = 50 (high cost) to discourage direct routing from R1 -> R2.
* The cost of R1 -> R3 (Cost-C) should be lower, so we assign Cost-C = 20.
* The cost of R3 -> R2 (default Cost-20) remains unchanged.
* Total cost via R3: 20 (R1->R3) + 20 (R3->R2) = 40, which is less than the direct link of 50, so OSPF prefers this path.
# Traffic follows: PC1 -> R1 -> R3 -> R2 -> PC2
2. Traffic from PC2 to PC1 must take the route:
PC2 -> R2 -> R1 -> PC1
* We need to make R2 -> R1 (Cost-B) the best (lowest cost) route for return traffic.
* Assign Cost-B = 10 (low cost).
* This ensures that R2 prefers the direct path R2 -> R1 instead of R2 -> R3 -> R1 (which costs
20+20=40).
# Traffic follows: PC2 -> R2 -> R1 -> PC1
Final Cost Assignments for Correct Routing Behavior:
Cost
Assigned Value
Reason
Cost-A (R1 -> R2)
50
High to discourage direct R1->R2 routing
Cost-B (R2 -> R1)
10
Low to ensure PC2->PC1 prefers direct R2->R1
Cost-C (R1 -> R3)
20
Medium to encourage R1->R3->R2 path
Key Takeaways:
* Higher OSPF cost discourages path selection.
* Lower OSPF cost encourages path selection.
* By manipulating OSPF cost values, we achieve asymmetric routing between PC1 and PC2.
* This aligns with OSPF path selection principles covered in HCIP-Datacom certification.
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:
* Huawei HCIP-Datacom Official Certification Guide, Chapter on OSPF Cost Calculation and Path Selection.
* Huawei Enterprise Networking Training Materials, OSPF Path Optimization Techniques.
* Huawei Datacom Configuration Guide, OSPF Cost and Traffic Engineering.
NEW QUESTION # 198
In the IS-IS network shown in the figure, R1 introduces the default route through the "default- route-advertise always level-1" command. Which of the following descriptions are correct?
(Multiple choice)
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 199
If the technical migration actions performed on the network will affect the existing network operations, the pre-set operating procedures and risk control measures must be strictly followed when implementing the technical migration project. Such projects are generally defined as cutover projects.
Which of the following operations performed in the existing network is a non-cutover item?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 200
MPLS is called Multi-Protocol Label Switching. Regarding the label description in MPLS, the correct one is:
Answer: A,B,D
NEW QUESTION # 201
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