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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| EVPN and VXLAN Data Center Fabric | - VXLAN data plane and encapsulation - EVPN route types and MAC/IP advertisement - EVPN control plane fundamentals |
| Operations, Troubleshooting and Best Practices | - Monitoring SR Linux and EVPN environments - Troubleshooting BGP EVPN and VXLAN issues - Network optimization and scaling considerations |
| Data Center Interconnect (DCI) | - Redundancy and high availability strategies - L2 and L3 DCI design patterns - EVPN-based interconnect solutions |
| SR Linux Architecture and Fundamentals | - SR Linux system architecture and components - Network operating system concepts and containerized routing functions - Configuration and operational models |
| BGP and Routing in Data Center Environments | - Route reflection and scaling design - BGP EVPN address families - Interoperability between routing domains |
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17. Frage
Which of the following statements about a L3 EVPN network using symmetric routing is FALSE?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Symmetric L3 EVPN routing uses an IP-VRF-based overlay model in which both ingress and egress PEs participate in routed forwarding. The ingress PE receives the frame from the local MAC-VRF, routes it into the IP-VRF, and sends it across the VXLAN routed interface. The egress PE receives the routed overlay packet, performs the corresponding IP-VRF lookup, and then forwards it into the locally attached destination MAC-VRF. Because the routed overlay is built per IP-VRF, a routed-VXLAN interface is required for that IP-VRF. EVPN route type 5 support is also required because RT-5 carries IP prefix reachability across the EVPN control plane. The false statement is option D. Symmetric routing specifically removes the requirement for every MAC-VRF to exist on every PE. A PE only needs the MAC-VRFs for locally attached subnets, plus the shared IP-VRF and routed overlay state. This is the major scaling advantage of symmetric routing compared with designs that require broad MAC-VRF instantiation across the fabric. Reference: symmetric L3 EVPN routing, routed VXLAN interface, RT-5 prefix reachability, MAC-VRF scaling.
18. Frage
When PEs are connected to an Ethernet segment with at least one active MAC-VRF, which of the following statements about the AD per EVI updates sent by a PE is FALSE?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Ethernet Auto-Discovery per EVI routes are EVPN route type 1 advertisements used in multi-homing at the service-instance level. A PE sends an AD per EVI route for each MAC-VRF associated with the Ethernet Segment. These routes allow remote PEs to understand that the advertising PE has reachability to a given EVI through the shared ES. They are also used for aliasing and fast convergence, because a remote PE can treat multiple attached PEs as valid paths for traffic toward the same multihomed segment. In VXLAN EVPN, the update can include data-plane information such as the VNI, and it carries route-target information so the route is imported into the correct MAC-VRF. Option B is false because the multi-homing type or redundancy mode is not carried in the AD per EVI update as stated. Redundancy behavior is associated with Ethernet Segment-level signaling and configuration, especially ES discovery and related route attributes, not with AD per EVI as the mechanism that declares the multi-homing type. Reference: EVPN RT-1 AD per EVI, MAC-VRF association, route target, VNI, aliasing.
19. Frage
Consider the exhibit.
Host-2 is sending data to Host-1. The network is designed to use asymmetric routing.
Which of the following statements about the operation of the data plane is TRUE?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In asymmetric EVPN IRB, the ingress PE performs routing from the source subnet into the destination subnet, then forwards the packet across the VXLAN overlay using the destination MAC-VRF/VNI. The egress PE does not perform another IP-VRF lookup for that packet; it performs Layer 2 forwarding in the destination MAC-VRF. In this scenario, Host-2 sends traffic toward Host-1. After the ingress routing decision, the traffic arrives at Leaf-2 in the context of the destination MAC-VRF, mac-vrf-1. Leaf-2 then performs a MAC lookup in mac-vrf-1 and forwards the frame to Host-1. Option D is therefore correct. Option A reverses the forwarding direction and misidentifies the leaf action. Option B incorrectly sends mac-vrf-2 traffic toward the IP-VRF on Leaf-2, even though Leaf-2 is acting as the egress PE for Host-1. Option C is also incorrect because the egress forwarding action is based on the MAC table in the destination MAC-VRF, not an IP-VRF ARP lookup at that stage. Reference: asymmetric L3 EVPN IRB data-plane operation, ingress routing and egress MAC forwarding.
20. Frage
Consider the exhibit.
Leaf1 and Leaf2 have the Ethernet segment configured to use the default election algorithm while Leaf3 and Leaf4 are configured to use the preference-based algorithm with Leaf3 having the higher preference value. The DF candidate list is the same on all leaf routers.
Which of the following leafs is the DF for mac-vrf103?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Designated Forwarder election determines which PE forwards BUM traffic from the EVPN overlay toward a multi-homed Ethernet Segment for a given service. In this scenario, all leaf routers share the same DF candidate list for mac-vrf103, but the election configuration is not identical. Leaf1 and Leaf2 use the default algorithm, while Leaf3 and Leaf4 use the preference-based algorithm. Under preference-based DF election, the candidate with the highest configured preference is selected over lower-preference candidates, assuming the candidate list is valid and consistent. The question states that Leaf3 has the higher preference value compared with Leaf4. Therefore, Leaf3 becomes the DF for mac-vrf103. This is the correct outcome because the preference-based election explicitly overrides simple default behavior by assigning operator-defined priority to a PE. In production designs, this is useful when the operator wants deterministic forwarding placement, maintenance control, or service-specific primary-path selection rather than relying only on the default modulo-based DF selection process. Reference: EVPN DF election, preference-based algorithm, MAC-VRF service forwarding.
21. Frage
Which of the following statements about the decoupled gateway-based data center interconnect solution is TRUE?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
A decoupled gateway-based DCI model separates the data center border-leaf function from the WAN PE function. This separation is the key design point. The border leaf remains part of the data center EVPN/VXLAN environment, while the WAN PE participates in WAN VPN transport and policy enforcement. Because the roles are split across two devices, the handoff between the border leaf and WAN PE provides a clean administrative and operational boundary. That boundary is useful for security policy, QoS marking, traffic classification, and troubleshooting ownership. The WAN does not need direct reachability to every leaf and route reflector as in a gateway-less model. The WAN PE also does not peer directly with the data center route reflector in a decoupled model; route exchange occurs through the border-leaf/WAN-PE handoff. VXLAN tunnels between leaf routers across different data centers are characteristic of gateway-less extension, not decoupled gateway operation. Therefore, the statement about clear demarcation between the data center border leaf and WAN PE is the accurate description. Reference: decoupled gateway-based DCI, security/QoS demarcation, WAN PE separation.
22. Frage
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