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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Object-Oriented Programming | - Encapsulation - Constructors (__init__) - Attributes and Methods - Classes and Objects - Inheritance |
| Topic 2: Functions | - Scope (local and global) - Return Values - Recursion - Parameters and Arguments - Function Definition and Call |
| Topic 3: Python Fundamentals | - Variables and Data Types - Type Conversion - Operators and Expressions - Input/Output Operations |
| Topic 4: Data Structures | - Tuples - Dictionaries - Sets - String Manipulation - Lists and List Operations |
| Topic 5: File Handling and Exceptions | - Reading and Writing Files - Custom Exceptions - Exception Handling (try, except, finally) |
| Topic 6: Control Structures | - Loop Control (break, continue, pass) - Loops (for, while) - Conditional Statements (if, elif, else) - Nested Conditionals and Loops |
| Topic 7: Testing and Debugging | - Unit Testing Concepts - Debugging Techniques - Trace Errors |
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NEW QUESTION # 45
Which type of loop repeatedly checks a condition to determine whether to continue?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Awhile looprepeatedly executes a block of code as long as its condition remains true.
Example:
count = 1
while count < = 3:
print(count)
count += 1
In this example, Python checks the condition count < = 3 before each loop iteration. If the condition is true, the loop continues. When the condition becomes false, the loop stops.
A for loop is usually used to iterate over a sequence, such as a list, string, or range. Python does not have a built-in repeat loop construct.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. while loop.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which Python data structure automatically prevents duplicate values from being stored?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Asetstores only unique elements. If duplicate values are added, Python keeps only one copy.
Example:
numbers = {1, 2, 2, 3}
print(numbers)
Output:
{1, 2, 3}
Python's data structures documentation describes sets as collections with no duplicate elements.
Therefore, the correct answer isD. Set.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Which index position is returned when the string method .find( ' python ' ) is applied to the string ' learning python programming ' ?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The .find() method returns the lowest index where the searched substring is found.
Example:
" learning python programming " .find( " python " )
Output:
9
Indexing starts at 0 in Python. In the string ' learning python programming ' , the word ' python ' begins at index 9. Python's built-in types documentation describes str.find() as returning the lowest index where the substring is found.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. 9.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Fix the indexing error in this function that should return the last character of a string.
def get_last_character(text):
return text[len(text)]
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: Python string indexing starts at 0.
Step 2: The last valid index of a string is len(text) - 1, not len(text).
Step 3: Python also allows negative indexing, where -1 means the last character.
Step 4: Replace text[len(text)] with text[-1] .
Correct code:
def get_last_character(text):
return text[-1]
Example:
print(get_last_character( " Python " ))
Output:
n
NEW QUESTION # 49
Write a complete function password_strength(password) that returns " Strong " if the password is at least 8 characters long and contains both letters and numbers, " Weak " otherwise.
For example, password_strength( " abc123def " ) should return " Strong " .
def password_strength(password):
# TODO: Return " Strong " or " Weak " based on password criteria
if len(password) < 8:
return " Weak "
has_letter = False
has_number = False
for char in password:
if char.isalpha():
has_letter = True
elif char.isdigit():
has_number = True
# TODO: Add your return logic here based on has_letter and has_number
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: First, check the password length using len(password).
Step 2: If the password has fewer than 8 characters, return " Weak " immediately.
Step 3: Create two Boolean variables: has_letter and has_number.
Step 4: Loop through each character in the password.
Step 5: Use .isalpha() to check for letters and .isdigit() to check for numbers.
Step 6: If the password contains both at least one letter and at least one number, return " Strong " .
Step 7: Otherwise, return " Weak " .
Correct code:
def password_strength(password):
if len(password) < 8:
return " Weak "
has_letter = False
has_number = False
for char in password:
if char.isalpha():
has_letter = True
elif char.isdigit():
has_number = True
if has_letter and has_number:
return " Strong "
else:
return " Weak "
Example:
print(password_strength( " abc123def " ))
print(password_strength( " abcdefgh " ))
print(password_strength( " 12345678 " ))
Output:
Strong
Weak
Weak
NEW QUESTION # 50
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