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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Dentistry | - Dental prophylaxis procedures - Oral anatomy and disease recognition |
| Pharmacology | - Drug classifications and uses - Dosage calculations and administration |
| Emergency Medicine and Critical Care | - Triage and stabilization - Shock management and CPR |
| Pain Management and Analgesia | - Pain assessment techniques - Analgesic drug use |
| Laboratory Procedures | - Urinalysis and microbiology - Hematology and clinical pathology |
| Anesthesia | - Anesthetic protocols and equipment - Anesthetic monitoring |
| Animal Care and Nursing | - Nutrition and husbandry - Patient handling and restraint |
| Surgical Nursing | - Sterile technique and instrumentation - Preoperative and postoperative care |
| Diagnostic Imaging | - Image processing and interpretation basics - Radiography positioning and safety |
VTNE試験問題は、シラバスの変更および理論と実践の最新の進展に応じて完全に改訂および更新されます。高品質の製品を提供するために、VTNEテストガイドを慎重に準備します。製品のすべての改訂と更新により、VTNEガイドトレントに関する正確な情報を取得でき、大多数の学生が簡単に習得でき、重要な情報の内容を簡素化できます。当社の製品VTNEテストガイドは、より重要な情報をより少ない質問と回答で提供します。
質問 # 1190
What is the name of the muscle that assists an agonist in movement?
正解:B
質問 # 1191
A veterinary technician is taking a medical history on a six-year-old female dog who presents with pyometra. Other than this condition, the dog is relatively healthy with no other medical conditions.
The veterinary technician would place this dog within which ASA physical classification?
正解:D
解説:
The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) has developed a scaled system for patients based on physical exam, history, and laboratory findings. Their purpose is to guide the anesthetist in developing an appropriate plan.
*ASA I patients are at minimal risk of serious or fatal side effects from anesthesia and are healthy and undergoing elective procedures.
*ASA II patients are at low risk due to mild systemic diseases such as mild dehydration, skin tumor removal, neonatal, obesity, or geriatric.
*ASA III patients are at moderate risk and may have severe systemic diseases, such as anemia or kidney disease.
*ASA IV patients are at high risk and have severe systemic diseases that are often fatal, such as pyometra or internal hemorrhage.
*ASA V patients are at extreme risk and require surgery to survive. These conditions include severe head injuries, gastric dilation-volvulus, and organ failure.
Because this patient is suffering from pyometra (a deadly bacterial infection of the uterus that causes systemic disease), the veterinary technician should classify her as ASA IV.
質問 # 1192
In veterinary medicine, what is a commonly used colloid?
正解:A
解説:
VetStarch is a synthetic colloid frequently used in resuscitation during veterinary emergencies. It is a newer colloid with minimal coagulation impact, unlike hydroxyethyl starch and other older colloids.
Dextrose is sugar, commonly added to crystalloid fluids, thus, not a colloid. Hypertonic saline has many similar uses in emergency situations as colloids, but it is a crystalloid. Potassium chloride is a fluid additive, not a colloid.
質問 # 1193
Which drug class is commonly used to treat trauma patients at initial presentation for severe, acute pain in small animal emergency hospital settings?
正解:B
解説:
Opioids are commonly used because of their rapid, potent analgesia and ease of administration. They are not typically continued long-term following hospital discharge. Though side effects occur to varying degrees, they are reversible or party reversible, making their use still very valuable.
NSAIDs provide some analgesia and can be part of a multimodal analgesia plan, but are not appropriate as sole agents in the treatment of severe, acute pain. Additionally, the patient cannot be dehydrated or debilitated and safely receive this type of drug. Therefore, they are not used in acute emergency situations.
Local anesthetics are potent anesthetics for regional control of pain. Administration of local blocks is more common following a surgical procedure than at the time of emergency presentation due to the increased skill needed for their administration techniques and potential interference with physical exam findings.
Alpha-2 agonists have some analgesic effects, but their sedation effects are more potent. They can produce significant cardiovascular side effects, so they are best used in stable patients.
質問 # 1194
Which of the following devices is used to sterilize surgical equipment?
正解:D
解説:
An autoclave is a heavy vessel that uses high pressure and extreme temperatures to sterilize instruments and equipment used in surgical procedures. Packs must be correctly prepared so that all materials are exposed to steam during the sterilization process.
An incubator is an enclosed apparatus that provides a controlled environment for temperature and humidity, often to provide support to juvenile animals. A nebulizer is a device that suspends liquid medication in a mist for inhalation. An ionizer is a device used to purify the air.
質問 # 1195
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