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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Tool Support for Testing0%- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Tool selection and adoption
  • 2. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
- Tools Support
  • 1. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
  • 2. Test design and test implementation tools
  • 3. Test execution tools
  • 4. Test planning and control tools
  • 5. Test harness and unit test framework tools
Managing the Test Activities25%- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk identification
  • 2. Risk mitigation
  • 3. Risk assessment
- Test Planning
  • 1. Entry criteria and exit criteria
  • 2. Purpose and content of a test plan
  • 3. Test estimation techniques
- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
  • 2. Test reporting
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect report fields
  • 2. Defect reporting tools
  • 3. Defect lifecycle
Test Analysis and Design20%- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Exploratory testing
  • 2. Checklist-based testing
  • 3. Error guessing
- Test Techniques
  • 1. Equivalence partitioning
  • 2. Boundary value analysis
  • 3. State transition testing
  • 4. Path testing
  • 5. Statement testing and decision testing
  • 6. Decision table testing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Coverage and efficiency
  • 2. Test case design principles
Static Testing15%- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Static testing and the test process
  • 2. Value of static testing
- Review Process
  • 1. Success factors for reviews
  • 2. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
  • 3. Review phases
  • 4. Review types and their characteristics
Fundamentals of Testing20%- What is Testing?
  • 1. Testing and debugging
  • 2. Typical testing objectives
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 2. Testing's contribution to success
  • 3. Quality assurance and testing
  • 4. Errors, defects, and failures
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Human psychology and testing
  • 2. Cognitive biases
  • 3. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
- Test Process
  • 1. Test work products
  • 2. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 3. Testing as a process
  • 4. Test activities and tasks
Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Test Levels
  • 1. Component testing
  • 2. Integration testing
  • 3. Acceptance testing
  • 4. System testing
- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Triggers for maintenance
  • 2. Types of maintenance testing
  • 3. Impact analysis
- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Agile and DevOps approaches
  • 2. Sequential development models
  • 3. Iterative and incremental development models
- Test Types
  • 1. Confirmation testing and regression testing
  • 2. Functional testing
  • 3. Non-functional testing
  • 4. Black-box testing

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q39-Q44):

NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following statements about exploratory testing is true?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique in which testers dynamically design and execute tests based on their knowledge, intuition, and learning of the software system, without following predefined test scripts or test cases. Exploratory testing can be conducted following a session-based approach, which is a structured way of managing and measuring exploratory testing. In a session-based approach, the testers perform uninterrupted test sessions, usually lasting between 60 and 120 minutes, with a specific charter or goal, and document the issues detected, the test coverage achieved, and the time spent in session sheets.
Session sheets are records of the test activities, results, and observations during a test session, which can be used for reporting, debriefing, and learning purposes. The other statements are false, because:
* Exploratory testing is not a test technique in which testers explore the requirements specification to detect non testable requirements, but rather a test technique in which testers explore the software system to detect functional and non-functional defects, as well as to learn new information, risks, or opportunities. Non testable requirements are requirements that are ambiguous, incomplete, inconsistent, or not verifiable, which can affect the quality and effectiveness of the testing process. Non testable requirements can be detected by applying static testing techniques, such as reviews or inspections, to the requirements specification, before the software system is developed or tested.
* Exploratory testing is not a test technique used by testers during informal code reviews to find defects by exploring the source code, but rather a test technique used by testers during dynamic testing to find defects by exploring the behavior and performance of the software system, without examining the source code. Informal code reviews are static testing techniques, in which the source code isanalyzed by one or more reviewers, without following a formal process or using a checklist, to identify defects, violations, or improvements. Informal code reviews are usually performed by developers or peers, not by testers.
* In exploratory testing, testers usually do not produce scripted tests and establish bidirectional traceability between these tests and the items of the test basis, but rather produce unscripted tests and adapt them based on the feedback and the findings of the testing process. Scripted tests are tests that are designed and documented in advance, with predefined inputs, outputs, and expected results, and are executed according to a test plan or a test procedure. Bidirectional traceability is the ability to trace both forward and backward the relationships between the items of the test basis, such as the requirements, the design, the risks, etc., and the test artifacts, such as the test cases, the test results, the defects, etc.
Scripted tests and bidirectional traceability are usually associated with more formal and structured testing approaches, such as specification-based or structure-based test techniques, not with exploratory testing. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.3, Experience-based Test Design Techniques1
* ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Exploratory Testing, Session-based Testing, Session Sheet, Non Testable Requirement, Static Testing, Informal Review, Dynamic Testing, Scripted Testing, Bidirectional Traceability2


NEW QUESTION # 40
Which statement is true regarding confirmation testing and regression testing?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Confirmation testing, also known as retesting, is conducted to verify that specific defects have been fixed. Regression testing, on the other hand, is performed to ensure that recent changes have not adversely affected existing features of the software. Both types of testing are crucial for maintaining the integrity and quality of the software after modifications.


NEW QUESTION # 41
Which ONE of the following elements is TYPICALLY part of atest plan?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Atest planis amanagement documentthat outlines thescope, objectives, schedule, resources, and risksof the testing process. Thebudget and schedule (A)are essential components as they help plan resources and timeline constraints.
* (B) is incorrectbecause defect analysis is part of thetest summary report, not the test plan.
* (C) is incorrectbecausefinal reports summarize execution, while the test plan is createdbefore testing starts.
* (D) is incorrectbecause test logs areexecution artifactsrather than planning elements.
A test planguides testing activities and ensures alignment with project objectives.
Reference:ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Syllabus, Section 5.1.1 - Test Planning


NEW QUESTION # 42
Which ONE of the following options BEST describes the purpose of confirmation testing versus regression testing?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Confirmation testing is performed after a defect is fixed to confirm it no longer exists (A).
Regression testing ensures new defects have not been introduced in unchanged parts of the system. Regression testing is broader than confirmation testing and covers unmodified areas affected by the changes. Options B, C, and D misrepresent the relationship and scope of these tests.


NEW QUESTION # 43
As a tester, as part of a V-model project, you are currently executing some tests aimed at verifying if a mobile app asks the user to grant the proper access permissions during the installation process and after the installation process. The requirements specification states that in both cases the app shall ask the user to grant access permissions only to the camera and photos stored on the device. However, you observe that the app also asks the user to grant access permission to all contacts on the device. Consider the following items:
[I]. Test environment
[ii]. Expected result
[iii]. Actual result.
[iv] Test level.
[v]. Root cause.
Based on only the given information, which of the items listed above, are you able to CORRECTLY specify in a defect report?

Answer: C

Explanation:
When writing a defect report, the tester can specify the expected result and the actual result based on the observation. The expected result is what the requirements specify, and the actual result is what was observed during testing. These elements are crucial for clearly communicating the nature of the defect to developers and other stakeholders. The other items such as test environment, test level, and root cause may not be clear or necessary at this stage of defect reporting.


NEW QUESTION # 44
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