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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Order of draw & tube selection - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Capillary puncture procedures - Post-collection care & labeling |
| Topic 2: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Infection control & OSHA standards - PPE & sharps disposal - Quality control & error prevention |
| Topic 3: Special Collections | 12% | - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Blood alcohol & legal collections |
| Topic 4: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Processing & centrifugation - Aliquoting & preservation - Specimen rejection criteria - Documentation & tracking - Transport & storage requirements |
| Topic 5: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Requisition review & test verification - Informed consent & communication - Patient identification & verification - Patient positioning & comfort - Site selection & preparation |
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NEW QUESTION # 79
At which of the following angles should a phlebotomist insert an antecubital venipuncture needle?
Answer: B
Explanation:
For antecubital venipuncture, the needle is inserted bevel up at approximately a 15° to 30° angle, with 30° commonly used as the upper accepted standard for routine venous access. From the options provided, 30° is the best answer. A 10° angle is usually too shallow for antecubital venipuncture and may cause the needle to skim the skin surface or fail to enter the vein lumen. A 45° angle is too steep and increases the risk of passing through the vein, causing hematoma, pain, or arterial/nerve injury depending on site depth and anatomy. A 25° angle can be clinically workable in some routine venipunctures, but this item is asking for the standard recognized insertion angle, and 30° is the expected test answer. Proper angle must be combined with vein anchoring, bevel-up orientation, stable equipment control, and avoidance of excessive probing. The NHA CPT outline specifically includes needle insertion, angle of needle insertion and withdrawal, and routine venipuncture technique. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; antecubital venipuncture; angle of needle insertion; needle withdrawal and safety.
NEW QUESTION # 80
Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take after filling the last tube of a venipuncture procedure?
Answer: B
Explanation:
After the last tube has filled, the phlebotomist must complete the venipuncture termination sequence safely. The correct action from the choices is to withdraw the needle from the puncture site. In routine venipuncture, the tourniquet is released before needle removal, then the needle is withdrawn smoothly, the safety device is activated, and pressure is applied with clean gauze or cotton only after the needle is out. Applying cotton while the needle is still inserted can cause the needle to cut or traumatize the vein. Cleaning the site with antiseptic occurs before puncture, not after collection. A warm compress is not part of routine completion; it may be used only for selected complications or difficult venous access before collection. The NHA CPT outline specifically includes standard tourniquet removal, needle removal, safety-device use, post-procedural care, and bandaging as routine blood collection competencies. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; removing tourniquet, tubes, and needle; post-procedural patient care.
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which of the following does HIPAA require all health care providers to obtain before disclosing medical information?
Answer: C
Explanation:
HIPAA requires proper written authorization before a covered entity discloses protected health information for purposes that are not otherwise permitted by the Privacy Rule. In the answer choices, "written consent" is the closest required protection because the patient's permission must be documented, specific, and traceable. A driver's license may be used to help verify identity, but it does not authorize disclosure of medical information. Verbal consent is not sufficient for many disclosures because it lacks the required written documentation and specific authorization elements. Insurance authorization relates to payment approval or coverage verification and does not automatically permit broad disclosure of medical information. For phlebotomy practice, HIPAA compliance means discussing patient information only with authorized personnel, limiting information to the minimum necessary, protecting requisitions and labels, and avoiding disclosure in public areas. HHS states that HIPAA authorizations must be written in specific terms and may permit use or disclosure of protected health information. NHA CPT safety and compliance competencies include patient rights, privacy, confidentiality, HIPAA, and legal responsibilities. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; HIPAA; confidentiality; protected health information.
NEW QUESTION # 82
A phlebotomist is preparing to perform venipuncture on a patient who has had a right-sided mastectomy. Which of the following collection sites should the phlebotomist select?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should select the left antecubital area because the patient has had a right-sided mastectomy. Venipuncture should generally be avoided on the side of a mastectomy due to the risk of impaired lymphatic drainage, lymphedema, infection, and delayed healing. The right cephalic and right basilic veins are on the affected side and should not be used unless a provider specifically authorizes collection from that side. The left femoral artery is not an appropriate routine phlebotomy site and arterial collection is outside standard venipuncture practice unless performed under specialized authorization and scope. The left antecubital area is the safest option listed because it uses the unaffected arm and provides standard venipuncture access. The technician should still assess vein suitability, avoid sites with IVs, edema, scarring, hematoma, or infection, and follow facility policy if no acceptable site is available. This question tests contraindicated sites and safe site selection, not simply vein-name recall. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; mastectomy precautions; venipuncture site selection; contraindicated sites; patient safety.
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take to identify a patient who was admitted to a facility?
Answer: D
Explanation:
For an admitted patient, the phlebotomist should check the patient's identification band. Inpatient identification depends on matching the patient's wristband to the requisition or collection order using required identifiers, commonly full name and date of birth or medical record number. Stating the patient's name and date of birth for the patient to confirm is weaker because it allows passive agreement and does not require the patient to actively provide identifiers. Using the medical chart alone is not sufficient because charts can be misplaced, opened to the wrong patient, or outdated. Comparing the wristband to bedside equipment is also unsafe because equipment stickers may be incorrect, moved, or not patient-specific enough to serve as the primary identifier. The correct process protects against wrong-patient collection, mislabeling, transfusion risk, diagnostic error, and specimen rejection. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; inpatient identification; wristband verification; two patient identifiers; requisition matching; specimen labeling. NHA places patient identification and preparation procedures under core CPT exam domains.
NEW QUESTION # 84
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