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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Decision Making and Performance Evaluation | - Balanced Scorecard concepts - Capital budgeting techniques (NPV, IRR, Payback Period) - Relevant costs for decision making - Responsibility accounting and performance metrics - Make-or-buy and special order decisions |
| Topic 2: Financial Accounting Fundamentals | - Recording transactions and adjusting entries - Preparing financial statements (Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Statement of Cash Flows) - Accrual vs. cash basis accounting - Understanding the accounting cycle |
| Topic 3: Managerial Accounting Concepts | - Cost classification and behavior (fixed, variable, mixed costs) - Job order and process costing - Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis - Contribution margin and break-even analysis |
| Topic 4: Financial Statement Analysis | - Horizontal and vertical analysis - Interpreting financial data for decision-making purposes - Ratio analysis (liquidity, profitability, solvency, efficiency ratios) |
| Topic 5: Budgeting and Planning | - Master budget components - Variance analysis - Financial budgets (cash budget, budgeted income statement, budgeted balance sheet) - Operating budgets (sales, production, direct materials, direct labor, overhead) |
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35. Frage
In September, an airline using accrual accounting received cash from a round-trip ticket sold to a customer for
$1,500. The ticket allowed the customer to fly from Denver to Hawaii in October and from Hawaii back to Denver in November.
When should the airline recognize revenue?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
The correct answer is C. In October and November . Under accrual accounting and modern revenue recognition guidance, revenue is recognized when the company satisfies its performance obligations, not merely when cash is received. For an airline ticket, the airline earns the revenue by providing transportation
. SEC disclosures from airlines state that passenger revenue is deferred until transportation is provided, and revenue recognition guidance under Topic 606 also requires recognition when control of the promised service transfers to the customer.
Because this is a round-trip ticket , the airline has not fully earned the revenue in September when the cash is collected. Instead, the service is performed in parts: one flight in October and the return flight in November
. Therefore, the revenue should be recognized as the transportation service is delivered across those two months. Option A is incorrect because September is only the cash receipt date, not the service date. Option B is incorrect because part of the service is provided in October. Option D is incorrect because collecting cash alone does not create earned revenue under accrual accounting. Therefore, October and November is the correct answer.
36. Frage
A company's statement of cash flows includes the following cash transactions.
Sales = $1,250,000
Inventory purchase = -$750,000
Property and equipment purchase = -$280,000
Interest payment on long-term debt = -$25,000
Payment of wages = -$315,000
Payment of rent = -$40,000
Borrowing long-term debt = $200,000
Payment of cash dividends = -$15,000
Repurchase of treasury stock = -$40,000
Total cash flows = -$5,000
What is the total cash flow from investing activities?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
The correct answer is B. -$280,000 . To determine cash flow from investing activities , include only cash flows related to the acquisition and disposal of long-term assets and investments. In the transactions listed, the only investing activity is:
Property and equipment purchase = -$280,000
That makes total cash flow from investing activities -$280,000 . OpenStax states that the investing section of the statement of cash flows relates to changes in long-term assets, and FASB's cash flow guidance classifies acquisitions of productive assets as investing cash outflows.
The other listed items belong to different sections. Sales, inventory purchases, wages, rent, and interest payments are generally operating activities under U.S. GAAP. Borrowing long-term debt, paying dividends, and repurchasing treasury stock are financing activities . Since none of those belong in investing activities, they should not be included in the investing subtotal. Therefore, the total cash flow from investing activities is simply the cash paid for property and equipment, which is -$280,000 , making Option B the correct answer.
37. Frage
What are two examples of product costs?
Choose 2 answers.
Antwort: A,C
Begründung:
The correct answers are B. Direct labor and D. Raw materials . Product costs are the costs incurred to manufacture or acquire a product that will be sold. In a manufacturing setting, product costs normally include direct materials (raw materials) , direct labor , and manufacturing overhead . Corporate Finance Institute summarizes product costs as including direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.
Option A. Selling and administrative expenses is incorrect because those are period costs , not product costs. Option C. Period expenses is also incorrect for the same reason. Period costs are expensed in the period incurred and are not attached to inventory production. Lumen Learning similarly distinguishes product costs from period costs by explaining that product costs include direct materials, direct labor, and overhead, while selling and administrative expenses are period costs.
Because the question asks for two examples of costs directly associated with making a product, the best answers are Direct labor and Raw materials . These are core manufacturing inputs and become part of inventory until the goods are sold.
38. Frage
Who does Sarbanes-Oxley apply to?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
The correct answer is D. Publicly traded companies in the United States . Sarbanes-Oxley was enacted to strengthen corporate accountability, internal controls, and audit oversight for companies that access the public securities markets. Standard summaries of SOX explain that it applies to publicly traded companies doing business in the United States, along with the audit firms that audit those public companies.
Option B is incorrect because SOX does not generally apply in full to private, nonpublic companies in the same way it applies to public issuers. Option C is also incorrect for the same reason. Option A may describe a narrower scenario that can involve public-company reporting structures, but for an exam question asking broadly "Who does Sarbanes-Oxley apply to?", the clearest and best answer is publicly traded companies in the United States . SOX is fundamentally a public-company law designed to protect investors by improving the reliability of corporate disclosures and the independence of external audits. Therefore, among the listed choices, Option D is the most accurate and standard answer.
39. Frage
Which information does a balance sheet provide about a company?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
A balance sheet shows the company's financial position at a specific point in time , so Option C is correct.
It reports what the business owns (assets), what it owes (liabilities), and usually owners' or stockholders' equity as of a particular date. This is why the balance sheet is often described as a snapshot rather than a report covering a span of time. Authoritative accounting learning materials describe the balance sheet as presenting assets, liabilities, and equity "as of" a date or at a specific moment.
Option A is incorrect because revenues and expenses for a period of time belong to the income statement , not the balance sheet. Option D is incorrect because cash collections and cash expenditures for a period of time are presented in the statement of cash flows . Option B is also incorrect because cash inflows and outflows are not reported only at a single point in time; they are summarized over a period. Therefore, the best answer is the one identifying the balance sheet as a statement of assets and liabilities at a specific point in time .
40. Frage
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