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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Routine Blood Collections | - Order of draw - Equipment selection and use - Venipuncture procedures |
| Topic 2: Safety and Compliance | - Infection control and standard precautions - OSHA regulations and patient safety - HIPAA and patient confidentiality |
| Topic 3: Patient Preparation | - Specimen labeling procedures - Patient identification and communication - Site selection and preparation |
| Topic 4: Special Collections | - Pediatric and geriatric considerations - Non-routine specimen collection methods - Capillary puncture (fingerstick/heel stick) |
| Topic 5: Specimen Processing and Handling | - Common errors and rejection criteria - Specimen transport and storage - Quality assurance procedures |
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NEW QUESTION # 118
Which of the following types of consent provides a patient with information about the methods, risks, and consequences of a procedure?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Informed consent means the patient receives enough information to understand the nature of the procedure, including the method, purpose, risks, benefits, alternatives, and possible consequences, before agreeing. Therefore, informed consent is the correct answer. Expressed consent means the patient clearly agrees, either verbally or in writing, but the term does not by itself prove that the patient received a full explanation of risks and consequences. Implied consent occurs through the patient's actions, such as extending an arm for venipuncture after identification and explanation. Verbal consent is simply the spoken form of agreement and may be expressed, but again it does not specifically define the full disclosure requirement. In phlebotomy, routine blood collection often proceeds with implied or expressed consent after proper identification and explanation, but higher-risk or special procedures may require more formal informed consent depending on policy. The NHA CPT outline includes receiving implied, informed, or expressed consent and understanding the components required for consent. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; patient rights; consent types; communication before collection.
NEW QUESTION # 119
A phlebotomist must recollect a blood sample after the initial sample was rejected by the laboratory. Which of the following factors might have caused the sample to be rejected?
Answer: C
Explanation:
An underfilled collection tube is a common reason for laboratory rejection because many tests require a specific blood-to-additive ratio. This is especially critical for coagulation specimens, where insufficient blood relative to anticoagulant can falsely prolong clotting results. Underfilling can also produce inadequate specimen volume for testing, repeat analysis, or instrument requirements. A hematoma at the puncture site is a patient complication and may indicate procedural difficulty, but it does not automatically require specimen rejection unless it affected specimen quality. Use of a multiple-sample needle is a standard venipuncture method and is not a rejection criterion by itself. The cephalic vein is an acceptable antecubital vein when selected appropriately, so using it does not invalidate the specimen. Processing accuracy begins at collection: correct tube, correct volume, correct mixing, correct labeling, and correct transport. The NHA CPT outline identifies preanalytical errors, minimum and maximum volume requirements, fill levels and ratios, maintaining specimen integrity, and recollection as core processing and collection competencies. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; preanalytical errors; tube fill level; specimen rejection and recollection.
NEW QUESTION # 120
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take when preparing a specimen for transport?
Answer: D
Explanation:
When preparing a specimen for transport, the phlebotomist should keep the tube with the stopper upright whenever practical. Upright positioning helps reduce leakage risk, prevents specimen contact with the stopper area more than necessary, and supports safe handling during movement to the laboratory or processing area. Refrigerating infectious substances is not a universal transport rule; temperature requirements depend on the ordered test and specimen handling instructions. Agitating a tube vigorously is incorrect because it can cause hemolysis, clot disruption, foaming, or cellular damage. Additive tubes are mixed by gentle inversion according to manufacturer guidance, not shaking. Wrapping multiple tubes together is also poor practice because tubes should be protected from breakage, leakage, and cross-contamination using proper specimen transport bags, absorbent material when required, and separated compartments when applicable. Proper transport preserves analyte stability, patient safety, and biohazard control. NHA CPT processing content includes preparing specimens for testing or transport, maintaining specimen integrity based on temperature, light, or time requirements, and following handling, storage, transportation, and disposal requirements. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; specimen transport; tube handling; specimen integrity.
NEW QUESTION # 121
Which of the following should a sharps container have?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A sharps container should have a leakproof lid or leak-resistant closure to prevent contaminated blood or fluid from escaping during handling, storage, or transport. Sharps containers must also be puncture-resistant, closable, upright and stable during use, and properly labeled or color-coded as biohazardous. A "room temperature" label is used for certain specimen storage or transport conditions, not for sharps disposal. A 1-gallon capacity is not a universal requirement; sharps containers come in multiple approved sizes depending on the setting and volume of use. Dual openings are not required and could increase risk if poorly designed. The essential safety standard is containment: the device must prevent puncture injury and leakage while allowing safe disposal at the point of use. The phlebotomist must never overfill a sharps container, reach into it, shake it, force items into it, or dispose of sharps in regular trash or soft biohazard bags. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; sharps container requirements; biohazard disposal; OSHA bloodborne pathogen safety; needlestick prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 122
Which of the following information should a phlebotomist document for a blood culture collection?
Answer: D
Explanation:
For blood culture collection, the phlebotomist should document the site of collection. Blood cultures are often drawn from separate sites to help distinguish true bloodstream infection from contamination. Accurate site documentation supports interpretation if one bottle set grows organisms and another does not. It also provides traceability for collection quality, timing, and possible contamination review. Type of culture media is generally determined by the blood culture bottle system and laboratory protocol; it is not the key patient-specific documentation item in this question. Blood collection technique is expected to follow facility policy, but it is not typically the primary required field compared with date, time, collector identity, and site. Informed consent is not usually a separate required document for routine blood culture collection unless facility policy or special circumstances require it. Blood culture technique requires strict antisepsis, appropriate bottle preparation, correct order, sufficient volume, and avoidance of contamination. NHA CPT special collection content includes performing blood culture collections, blood culture locations, skin preparation, equipment, volume requirements, bottle preparation, and order of draw. Reference topics: Special Collections; blood culture collection; site documentation; contamination control.
NEW QUESTION # 123
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