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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Managing the Test Activities25%- Test Planning
  • 1. Test estimation techniques
  • 2. Entry criteria and exit criteria
  • 3. Purpose and content of a test plan
- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Test reporting
  • 2. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk assessment
  • 2. Risk identification
  • 3. Risk mitigation
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect reporting tools
  • 2. Defect lifecycle
  • 3. Defect report fields
Fundamentals of Testing20%- Test Process
  • 1. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 2. Testing as a process
  • 3. Test activities and tasks
  • 4. Test work products
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Human psychology and testing
  • 2. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
  • 3. Cognitive biases
- What is Testing?
  • 1. Testing and debugging
  • 2. Typical testing objectives
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 2. Quality assurance and testing
  • 3. Testing's contribution to success
  • 4. Errors, defects, and failures
Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Impact analysis
  • 2. Types of maintenance testing
  • 3. Triggers for maintenance
- Test Levels
  • 1. Acceptance testing
  • 2. Integration testing
  • 3. System testing
  • 4. Component testing
- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Agile and DevOps approaches
  • 2. Sequential development models
  • 3. Iterative and incremental development models
- Test Types
  • 1. Functional testing
  • 2. Black-box testing
  • 3. Non-functional testing
  • 4. Confirmation testing and regression testing
Tool Support for Testing0%- Tools Support
  • 1. Test planning and control tools
  • 2. Test design and test implementation tools
  • 3. Test harness and unit test framework tools
  • 4. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
  • 5. Test execution tools
- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
  • 2. Tool selection and adoption
Test Analysis and Design20%- Test Techniques
  • 1. Path testing
  • 2. Statement testing and decision testing
  • 3. Equivalence partitioning
  • 4. State transition testing
  • 5. Boundary value analysis
  • 6. Decision table testing
- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Exploratory testing
  • 2. Error guessing
  • 3. Checklist-based testing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Test case design principles
  • 2. Coverage and efficiency
Static Testing15%- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Static testing and the test process
  • 2. Value of static testing
- Review Process
  • 1. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
  • 2. Review types and their characteristics
  • 3. Review phases
  • 4. Success factors for reviews

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q347-Q352):

NEW QUESTION # 347
A company runs a pilot project for evaluation of a test automation tool. Which of the following is NOT a valid object of this pilot project?

Answer: C

Explanation:
* A pilot project is a small-scale experiment or trial that is conducted to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and suitability of a test automation tool before implementing it on a larger scale1.
* The objectives of a pilot project may vary depending on the context and scope of the test automation initiative, but some common ones are2:
* To get familiar with the functionality and options of the tool
* To check how the tool fits to the existing test processes and environment
* To assess the benefits and challenges of using the tool
* To decide upon standards and guidelines for tool implementation and usage
* To estimate the costs and resources required for tool deployment and maintenance
* Therefore, option C is not a valid objective of a pilot project, as it is not necessary to train all testers on using the tool at this stage. Training all testers on using the tool would be more appropriate after the tool has been selected and approved for full-scale implementation, and after the standards and guidelines have been established. Training all testers on using the tool during the pilot project would be inefficient, costly, and premature, as the tool may not be suitable or effective for the intended purpose, or may be replaced by another tool later.
References:
1: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 82
2: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 83
3: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 84
4: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 85


NEW QUESTION # 348
During iteration planning, a scrum team uses an estimation technique called planning poker to estimate the effort required to deliver a critical user story. In advance of the estimation session, the team agreed on some ground rules to limit the number of poker rounds and save time.
The team agreed on the following:
1. They will use the following progression for estimation: Extra-small, Small, Medium, Large, Extra- large, and Extra-extra-large.
2. If estimation values differ significantly, the highest score will be used for estimation purposes.
The result of the first round of planning poker:
Team Member Estimation
Business Large
Development Extra-extra-large
Testing Extra-extra-large
Which of the following options best represent the team's next actions?

Answer: A

Explanation:
In a planning poker session, if there is a significant difference in the estimations, it indicates that there may be misunderstandings or different perspectives on the complexity of the user story.
According to the agile principles, the team should discuss these differences to reach a common understanding. The goal is to ensure that all team members have a shared understanding of the user story's scope and complexity before finalizing the estimate.


NEW QUESTION # 349
Which of the following is a typical potential risk of using test automation tools?

Answer: C

Explanation:
One of the common risks associated with test automation tools is the underestimation of the effort required to maintain test scripts. Test scripts can become outdated or broken due to changes in the application, requiring significant effort to update and maintain them. This risk is highlighted in the ISTQB CTFL syllabus under the discussion of the benefits and risks of test automation.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, Section on test tools and automation.


NEW QUESTION # 350
Following a risk-based testing approach you have designed 10 tests to cover a product risk with a high-risk level. You want to estimate, adopting the three-point test estimation technique, the test effort required to reduce the risk level to zero by executing those 10 tests. You made the following three initial estimates:
* most optimistic = 6 person hours
* most likely = 30 person hours
* most pessimistic = 54 person hours
Based only on the given information, which of the following answers about the three-point test estimation technique applied to this problem is true?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The three-point test estimation technique is a method of estimating the test effort based on three initial estimates: the most optimistic, the most likely, and the most pessimistic. The technique uses a weighted average of these three estimates to calculate the final estimate, which is also known as the expected value. The formula for the expected value is:
Expected value = (most optimistic + 4 * most likely + most pessimistic) / 6 Using the given values, the expected value is:
Expected value = (6 + 4 * 30 + 54) / 6 Expected value = 30 person hours However, the expected value is not the only factor to consider when estimating the test effort. The technique also calculates the standard deviation, which is a measure of the variability or uncertainty of the estimates.
The formula for the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (most pessimistic - most optimistic) / 6
Using the given values, the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (54 - 6) / 6 Standard deviation = 8 person hours
The standard deviation can be used to determine a range of possible values for the test effort, based on a certain level of confidence. For example, using a 68% confidence level, the range is:
Expected value ± standard deviation
Using the calculated values, the range is:
30 ± 8 person hours
Therefore, the final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours, which is option A.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 2.3.2, page 24-25; ISTQB Glossary v4.02, page 33.


NEW QUESTION # 351
Which of the following are the phases of the ISTQB fundamental test process?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The ISTQB fundamental test process consists of five main phases, as described in the ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus, Version 4.0, 2018, Section 2.2, page 15:
* Test planning and control: This phase involves defining the test objectives, scope, strategy, resources, schedule, risks, and metrics, as well as monitoring and controlling the test activities and results throughout the test process.
* Test analysis and design: This phase involves analyzing the test basis (such as requirements, specifications, or user stories) to identify test conditions (such as features, functions, or scenarios) that need to be tested, and designing test cases and test procedures (such as inputs, expected outcomes, and execution steps) to cover the test conditions. This phase also involves evaluating the testability of the test basis and the test items (such as software or system components), and selecting and implementing test techniques (such as equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, or state transition testing) to achieve the test objectives and optimize the test coverage and efficiency.
* Test implementation and execution: This phase involves preparing the test environment (such as hardware, software, data, or tools) and testware (such as test cases, test procedures, test data, or test scripts) for test execution, and executing the test procedures or scripts according to the test plan and schedule. This phase also involves logging the outcome of test execution, comparing the actual results with the expected results, and reporting any discrepancies as incidents (such as defects, errors, or failures).
* Evaluating exit criteria and reporting: This phase involves checking if the planned test activities have been completed and the exit criteria (such as quality, coverage, or risk levels) have been met, and reporting the test results and outcomes to the stakeholders. This phase also involves making recommendations for the release or acceptance decision based on the test results and outcomes, and identifying any residual risks (such as known defects or untested areas) that need to be addressed or mitigated.
* Test closure activities: This phase involves finalizing and archiving the testware and test environment for future reuse, and evaluating the test process and the test project against the test objectives and the test plan. This phase also involves identifying any lessons learned and best practices, and communicating the findings and suggestions for improvement to the relevant parties.
References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Version 4.0, 2018, Section 2.2, page 15; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, pages 37-38; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 - Sample Exam - Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 88, page 32.


NEW QUESTION # 352
......

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