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獲得 Amazon DOP-C02 認證證書表明對 DevOps 實踐和 AWS 服務具有高水平的熟練程度。這是一個對於想要在 DevOps 和 AWS 中推進自己的職業生涯的專業人士非常有價值的資格。該認證還提供了 AWS 認證 DevOps 工程師 - 專業社區的進入權，認證的專業人士可以與領域內的其他人聯繫，分享知識和最佳實踐，並保持最新 DevOps 和 AWS 的發展。
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問題 #199
A DevOps engineer is building an application that uses an AWS Lambda function to query an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster. The Lambda function performs only read queries. Amazon EventBridge events invoke the Lambda function.
As more events invoke the Lambda function each second, the database's latency increases and the database's throughput decreases. The DevOps engineer needs to improve the performance of the application.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)
答案：C,D,F
解題說明：
Explanation
Verified answer: A, C, and E.
Short Explanation: To improve the performance of the application, the DevOps engineer should use Amazon RDS Proxy, implement the database connection opening outside the Lambda event handler code, and connect to the proxy endpoint from the Lambda function.
References:
* Amazon RDS Proxy is a fully managed, highly available database proxy for Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) that makes applications more scalable, more resilient to database failures, and more secure1. By using Amazon RDS Proxy, the DevOps engineer can reduce the overhead of opening and closing connections to the database, which can improve latency and throughput2.
* The DevOps engineer should connect the proxy to the Aurora cluster reader endpoint, which allows read-only connections to one of the Aurora Replicas in the DB cluster3. This can help balance the load across multiple read replicas and improve performance for read-intensive workloads4.
* The DevOps engineer should implement the database connection opening outside the Lambda event handler code, which means using a global variable to store the database connection object5. This can enable connection reuse across multiple invocations of the Lambda function, which can reduce latency and improve performance.
* The DevOps engineer should connect to the proxy endpoint from the Lambda function, which is a unique URL that represents the proxy. This can allow the Lambda function to access the database through the proxy, which can provide benefits such as connection pooling, load balancing, failover handling, and enhanced security.
* The other options are incorrect because:
* Implementing database connection pooling inside the Lambda code is unnecessary and redundant when using Amazon RDS Proxy, which already provides connection pooling as a service.
* Implementing the database connection opening and closing inside the Lambda event handler code is inefficient and costly, as it can increase latency and consume more resources for each invocation of the Lambda function.
* Connecting to the Aurora cluster endpoint from the Lambda function is not optimal for read-only queries, as it can direct traffic to either the primary instance or one of the Aurora Replicas in the DB cluster. This can result in inconsistent performance and potential conflicts with write operations on the primary instance.
問題 #200
A company uses machine learning on transactional data that a development team uploads from multiple sources to an Amazon S3 bucket. The development team finds duplicate objects in the S3 bucket across multiple prefixes. The duplications are increasing the company ' s storage costs.
The company wants to implement an automated solution to identify and remove duplicate objects from the S3 bucket.
Which solution will meet this requirement?
答案：B
解題說明：
Amazon S3 Inventory generates scheduled reports listing all objects in a bucket with metadata including the ETag, which is an MD5 hash of the object content. Objects with the same ETag value have identical content regardless of their key or prefix location and can therefore be identified as duplicates. Amazon Athena can query the inventory report stored in S3 using SQL to group objects by ETag and identify keys where more than one object shares the same hash. Once duplicate keys are identified, S3 Batch Operations can invoke an AWS Lambda function to programmatically delete the duplicate entries, completing the automated cleanup workflow. S3 Storage Lens (Option A) provides visibility into storage usage metrics but does not identify content-level duplicates. CloudTrail (Option B) tracks API activity but cannot compare object content. AWS Config (Option D) is designed for resource configuration compliance, not S3 object deduplication.
問題 #201
An ecommerce company is receiving reports that its order history page is experiencing delays in reflecting the processing status of orders. The order processing system consists of an AWS Lambda function that uses reserved concurrency. The Lambda function processes order messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue and inserts processed orders into an Amazon DynamoDB table. The DynamoDB table has auto scaling enabled for read and write capacity.
Which actions should a DevOps engineer take to resolve this delay? (Choose two.)
答案：B,D
問題 #202
A company uses an Amazon API Gateway regional REST API to host its application API. The REST API has a custom domain. The REST API's default endpoint is deactivated.
The company's internal teams consume the API. The company wants to use mutual TLS between the API and the internal teams as an additional layer of authentication.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
答案：A,C
解題說明：
Mutual TLS (mTLS) authentication requires two-way authentication between the client and the server. For Amazon API Gateway, you can enable mTLS for a custom domain name, which requires clients to present X.509 certificates to verify their identity to access your API. To set up mTLS, you would typically use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create a private certificate authority (CA) and provision a client certificate signed by this private CA. The root CA certificate is then uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket and configured in API Gateway as the trust store12.
:
Introducing mutual TLS authentication for Amazon API Gateway1.
Configuring mutual TLS authentication for a REST API2.
AWS Private Certificate Authority details3.
AWS Certificate Manager Private Certificate Authority updates4.
問題 #203
A company is using AWS to run digital workloads. Each application team in the company has its own AWS account for application hosting. The accounts are consolidated in an organization in AWS Organizations.
The company wants to enforce security standards across the entire organization. To avoid noncompliance because of security misconfiguration, the company has enforced the use of AWS CloudFormation. A production support team can modify resources in the production environment by using the AWS Management Console to troubleshoot and resolve application-related issues.
A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to identify in near real time any AWS service misconfiguration that results in noncompliance. The solution must automatically remediate the issue within 15 minutes of identification. The solution also must track noncompliant resources and events in a centralized dashboard with accurate timestamps.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development overhead?
答案：D
解題說明：
The best solution is to use AWS Config and AWS Security Hub to identify and remediate noncompliant resources across multiple AWS accounts. AWS Config enables continuous monitoring of the configuration of AWS resources and evaluates them against desired configurations. AWS Config can also automatically remediate noncompliant resources by using conformance packs, which are a collection of AWS Config rules and remediation actions that can be deployed as a single entity. AWS Security Hub provides a comprehensive view of the security posture of AWS accounts and resources. AWS Security Hub can aggregate and normalize the findings from AWS Config and other AWS services, as well as from partner solutions. AWS Security Hub can also be used to create a dashboard for tracking noncompliant resources and events in a centralized location.
The other options are not optimal because they either require more development overhead, do not provide near real time detection and remediation, or do not provide a centralized dashboard for tracking.
Option A is not optimal because CloudFormation drift detection is not a near real time solution. Drift detection has to be manually initiated on each stack or resource, or scheduled using a cron expression. Drift detection also does not provide remediation actions, so a custom Lambda function has to be developed and invoked. CloudWatch Logs and dashboard can be used for tracking, but they do not provide a comprehensive view of the security posture of the AWS accounts and resources.
Option B is not optimal because CloudTrail logs analysis using Athena is not a near real time solution. Athena queries have to be manually run or scheduled using a cron expression. Athena also does not provide remediation actions, so a custom Lambda function has to be developed and invoked. Step Functions can be used to orchestrate the query and remediation workflow, but it adds more complexity and cost. QuickSight dashboard can be used for tracking, but it does not provide a comprehensive view of the security posture of the AWS accounts and resources.
Option D is not optimal because CloudTrail logs analysis using CloudWatch Logs is not a near real time solution. CloudWatch Logs filters have to be manually created or updated for each resource type and configuration change. CloudWatch Logs also does not provide remediation actions, so acustom Lambda function has to be developed and invoked. EventBridge can be used to trigger the Lambda function, but it adds more complexity and cost. OpenSearch Service dashboard can be used for tracking, but it does not provide a comprehensive view of the security posture of the AWS accounts and resources.
References:
* AWS Config conformance packs
* Introducing AWS Config conformance packs
* Managing conformance packs across all accounts in your organization
問題 #204
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