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If you are looking to advance in the fast-paced and technological world, EC-COUNCIL is here to help you achieve this aim. EC-COUNCIL provides you with the excellent EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials (DFE) practice exam, which will make your dream come true of passing the EC-COUNCIL 112-57 Certification Exam.
| Certification Vendor: | EC-Council |
|---|---|
| Exam Name: | EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials (DFE) |
| Exam Number: | 112-57 |
| Available Languages: | English |
| Recommended Training: | EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials Training |
| Exam Registration: | EC-Council Official Certification Page |
| Sample Questions: | EC-COUNCIL 112-57 Sample Questions |
| Exam Way: | Online, self-paced training with assessment (EC-Council iLearn platform or authorized delivery partners) |
| Pre Condition: | No formal prerequisites required; basic understanding of cybersecurity is recommended. |
| Official Syllabus URL: | https://www.eccouncil.org/programs/digital-forensics-essentials-dfe/ |
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NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following MAC forensic data components saves file information and related events using a token with a binary structure?
Answer: B
Explanation:
On macOS, theBasic Security Module (BSM)provides the system'saudit framework, which records security- relevant activity such asfile access, process execution, authentication events, privilege changes, and other system calls. A key forensic characteristic of BSM auditing is that events are written asbinary audit records composed of "tokens."Each token represents a structured piece of the event (for example: subject/user identity, process ID, command arguments, path, return value, timestamps), and tokens are assembled into complete audit records. Because these audit logs arebinary and tokenized, they are compact, consistent, and designed for reliable parsing and evidentiary reconstruction-important when building timelines of file- related actions and attributing them to specific users and processes.
The other options do not match the "binary token" description.Command-line inputsmay be stored in shell history files but are plain text and not tokenized binary audit records.User accountartifacts (e.g., directory services, plist files) describe identities and settings, not tokenized event logs.Kexts(kernel extensions) are drivers/modules; while they can affect system behavior, they are not the macOS component that stores file
/event records in a binary token format. Therefore, the correct answer isBasic Security Module (C).
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the following acts was passed by the U.S. Congress in 2002 to protect investors from the possibility of fraudulent accounting activities by corporations?
Answer: C
Explanation:
TheSarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)was enacted by the U.S. Congress in2002in response to major corporate accounting scandals and was specifically designed toprotect investorsby improving the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of corporate disclosures and financial reporting. SOX strengthens governance and accountability by requiring executive management (notably the CEO and CFO) to certify the correctness of financial statements and by mandating stronger internal controls over financial reporting. From a digital forensics and compliance perspective, SOX is closely tied to the need for reliableaudit trails, properrecords retention, and demonstrable control over systems that store or process financial data. Investigators frequently rely on SOX- driven logging, access controls, and change management records to determine who accessed financial systems, what changes were made, and whether those actions align with authorized procedures.
The other options do not match the question's purpose or jurisdiction: theElectronic Communications Privacy Actaddresses interception and access to electronic communications,GDPRis an EU data protection regulation (not a 2002 U.S. act focused on investor protection), and "Information Privacy Act 2014" is not the 2002 U.S.
corporate anti-fraud legislation. Therefore, the correct answer isSarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) (C).
NEW QUESTION # 37
Steve, a professional hacker, attempted to hack Alice's banking account. To accomplish his goal, Steve used an automated tool to guess Alice's login credentials. The tool uses a trial-and-error method by attempting all possible combinations of usernames and passwords to determine the valid credentials.
Identify the type of attack initiated by Steve in the above scenario.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario describes an automated, trial-and-error attempt that triesall possible combinations of usernames and passwordsuntil a correct credential pair is found. This is the defining characteristic of abrute-force attack.
In digital forensics terminology, brute force is a direct password-guessing method that relies on exhaustive attempts (or systematically generated candidates) rather than tricking the user or exploiting a software flaw.
Investigators commonly recognize brute-force activity through artifacts such as repeated authentication failures in security logs, high-frequency login attempts from a single IP or distributed sources, account lockout events, and abnormal spikes in authentication traffic. In banking and web environments, it may also appear as repeated POST requests to login endpoints with varying credential pairs and consistent user-agent patterns, sometimes accompanied by throttling or CAPTCHA triggers.
The other options do not match the described "attempting all possible combinations" behavior.
Phishingobtains credentials by deception (fake emails/sites). ATrojan horsesteals data by running malicious code on the victim's system.Data manipulationfocuses on altering data integrity rather than credential guessing. Therefore, the correct attack type isBrute-force attack (A).
NEW QUESTION # 38
Below is an extracted Apache error log entry.
"[Wed Aug 28 13:35:38.878945 2020] [core:error] [pid 12356:tid 8689896234] [client 10.0.0.8] File not found: /images/folder/pic.jpg" Identify the element in the Apache error log entry above that represents the IP address from which the request was made.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Apache error logs record key metadata about server-side events in a structured format that is widely used in web attack investigations. In the provided entry, each bracketed field represents a specific attribute: the first bracket contains the timestamp, the next contains the module and severity (e.g.,core:error), then the process
/thread identifiers (pidandtid), followed by the client identifier. The client field is explicitly labeled[client ...], and it captures thesource IP address(or sometimes hostname) that initiated the HTTP request which resulted in the logged error.
Here,[client 10.0.0.8]indicates that the request originated from IP address10.0.0.8. This is the critical element investigators use to attribute suspicious activity (such as probing for missing files, scanning directories, or exploitation attempts) to a specific network source. The other values are not the client IP:13:35:38.878945is the time component of the timestamp,12356is the Apache process ID, and8689896234is the thread ID handling the request. Therefore, the IP address from which the request was made is10.0.0.8 (C).
NEW QUESTION # 39
Benoy, a security professional at an organization, extracted Apache access log entries to view critical information about all the operations performed on a web server. The Apache access log extracted by Benoy is given below:
"10.10.10.10 - Jason [17/Aug/2019:00:12:34 +0300] "GET /images/content/bg_body_1.jpg HTTP/1.0" 500
1458"
Identify the HTTP status code in the Apache access log entry above that indicates the response was successful.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the Apache Combined/Custom access log format, the value immediately after the quoted request (here," GET ... HTTP/1.0") is theHTTP status codereturned by the server. In the provided entry, that field is500.
From a forensic analysis standpoint, recognizing field positions matters because investigators correlate client IPs, timestamps, requested resources, and server outcomes to reconstruct attack timelines and identify failed exploitation attempts or misconfigurations.
It is important to note thatsuccessful HTTP responses are typically in the 2xx range, most commonly200 (OK), while3xxindicates redirects,4xxindicates client-side errors (such as 404 Not Found), and5xxindicates server-side failures. Specifically,500represents anInternal Server Error, meaning the server encountered an unexpected condition and could not fulfill the request successfully.
The other options are not HTTP status codes in this entry:+0300is the timezone offset in the timestamp,1.0is the HTTP protocol version, and2019is part of the date. Therefore, the only HTTP status code present-and the correct choice among the options-is500 (B), even though it reflects an error rather than success.
NEW QUESTION # 40
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