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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Animal Care and Nursing | - Nutrition and husbandry - Patient handling and restraint |
| Emergency Medicine and Critical Care | - Shock management and CPR - Triage and stabilization |
| Dentistry | - Oral anatomy and disease recognition - Dental prophylaxis procedures |
| Pain Management and Analgesia | - Analgesic drug use - Pain assessment techniques |
| Pharmacology | - Drug classifications and uses - Dosage calculations and administration |
| Diagnostic Imaging | - Radiography positioning and safety - Image processing and interpretation basics |
| Laboratory Procedures | - Urinalysis and microbiology - Hematology and clinical pathology |
| Surgical Nursing | - Sterile technique and instrumentation - Preoperative and postoperative care |
| Anesthesia | - Anesthetic monitoring - Anesthetic protocols and equipment |
数千人のAAVSB専門家で構成された権威ある制作チームが、VTNE学習の質問を理解し、質の高い学習体験を楽しんでいます。試験概要と現在のポリシーの最近の変更に応じて、VTNEテストガイドの内容を随時更新します。また、VTNE試験の質問は、わかりにくい概念を簡素化して学習方法を最適化し、習熟度を高めるのに役立ちます。もう1つ、VTNEテストガイドを使用すると、試験を受ける前に20〜30時間の練習でVeterinary Technician National Exam準備時間を短縮できることは間違いありません。
質問 # 657
A goat has a history of urolithiasis and has been blocked three times before. He has had multiple procedures to relieve the obstruction over the years but continues to make stones. The goat is a pet and beloved friend of the owner's now nine-year-old daughter. The surgeon has evaluated the urethra and appreciates a stricture.
What salvage procedure can be used to give this goat another chance?
正解：C
解説：
Goats commonly produce bladder stones. They can become lodged anywhere in the urinary tract and most commonly cause an obstruction in the area of the vermiform appendage (urethral process). This area is at the tip of the penis and is a tube-like skin extension. Other locations are less common for obstruction.
A urethral process amputation involves removing this appendage with a scalpel. Because it is the most likely site of an obstruction in the species, it is a routine procedure and was likely already performed - it is not considered a salvage procedure.
A tubal cystotomy helps divert urine away from the urethra and to a collection system to allow the swelling to subside. It is combined with a vermiform appendage amputation and cystotomy/urethrotomy to remove stones. However, this is also a common procedure and not considered a salvage procedure.
A PU, similar to what is performed in cats, creates a different urethral opening from which the goat can urinate, making them "urinate more like a female." This means that the animal's penis no longer functions normally and can no longer breed. Since this is a pet, it is not likely to be an issue, and probably has already been performed, as a complication can be stricture.
Bladder marsupialization is considered a salvage procedure when all else fails. It can be done as a last resort for patients who have had PUs that stricture or fail to prevent obstructions. It creates a permanent orifice between the body wall circa the prepuce and the bladder. This prepubic cystostomy creates a permanent opening with post-op risks, including urine scalding and urinary tract infections.
質問 # 658
Furosemide belongs to which class of drugs?
正解：C
解説：
Furosemide is a diuretic used to reduce fluid retention in patients with congestive heart failure. Other diuretics include spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide.
Beta-blockers slow conduction signals through the heart to slow heart rhythm. Drugs in this class include atenolol and propranolol.
Calcium channel blockers also slow conduction signals through the heart to slow rhythm. Amlodipine and diltiazem are two examples of this class.
ACE inhibitors modify RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) and produce vasodilation. They are commonly used to treat patients with congestive heart failure or high blood pressure (hypertension). Common examples include benazepril and enalapril.
質問 # 659
Nuclear scintigraphy is an imaging technique where radioisotopes are administered to a patient and images formed by a gamma camera. Which of the following does not describe a nuclear scintigraphy procedure?
正解：A
解説：
Administration of I-131 to a hyperthyroid cat is a nuclear medicine treatment and is not a diagnostic test.
The other selections are common indications for use of nuclear scintigraphy. Technetium-99m is the most commonly used radionuclide and comes in injectable, colonic, and aerosol/inhaled formulations. Thyroid, bone, and liver (primarily vasculature) are the most common tissues evaluated in veterinary medicine.
Mosby's Comprehensive Review for Veterinary Technicians 5th Edition. Pg 186.
Clinical Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians 3rd Edition. Pg 17.
質問 # 660
Which type of teeth are used for tearing food in carnivore species?
正解：B
解説：
Canines, located caudal to the incisors, are long, pointed teeth used to hold, grip, and tear food.
Incisors are located in the front of the jaw and are used to cut food. Molars are located at the caudal aspect of the mouth and are generally used for grinding and crushing food. Premolars are used to hold, grind, or crush food and are located between the canines and molars.
質問 # 661
Which of the following controlled drug categories used in veterinary patients has the highest potential for abuse and dependency by humans?
正解：D
解説：
The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) has grouped controlled substances into five categories based on the potential for abuse:
*Schedule I controlled substances are considered to be unsafe, the most addictive, and with the least potential medical benefit. They have very limited use in veterinary medicine.
*Schedule II controlled substances are drugs that have high abuse potential and severe dependence liability.
*Schedule III controlled substances are drugs that have a moderate dependence liability.
*Schedule IV controlled substances are drugs that have a limited dependence liability.
*Schedule V controlled substances are drugs that have a limited abuse potential.
質問 # 662
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