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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Enumeration | 15% | - Enumeration Concepts
|
| Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview | 6% | - Ethical Hacking Overview
|
| Sniffing and Evasion | 10% | - Network Sniffing
|
| Reconnaissance Techniques | 21% | - Scanning Networks
|
| Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks | 7% | - IoT and OT Attacks
|
| Cloud and Container Attacks | 10% | - Cloud Attacks and Security
|
| Malware Threats | 8% | - Malware and Its Types
|
| System Hacking | 17% | - System Hacking Methodologies
|
| Web Application Attacks | 19% | - Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications
|
| Vulnerability Analysis | 7% | - Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
|
| Wireless Network Attacks | 9% | - Wireless Hacking Methodology
|
| Cryptography and Post-Exploitation | 13% | - Cryptography Concepts
|
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NEW QUESTION # 193
A penetration tester was assigned to scan a large network range to find live hosts. The network is known for using strict TCP filtering rules on its firewall, which may obstruct common host discovery techniques. The tester needs a method that can bypass these firewall restrictions and accurately identify live systems. What host discovery technique should the tester use?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The host discovery technique that the tester should use is TCP SYN Ping Scan. This technique sends a TCP SYN packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with a TCP SYN/ACK packet, it means the host is alive and the port is open. If the host responds with a TCP RST packet, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. TCP SYN Ping Scan can bypass firewall restrictions because it mimics the initial stage of a TCP three-way handshake, which is a common and legitimate network activity. Therefore, most firewalls will allow TCP SYN packets to pass through and reach the target host, unless they are configured to block specific ports or IP addresses3. TCP SYN Ping Scan can also accurately identify live systems because it does not rely on ICMP, which may be blocked or rate-limited by some firewalls or routers.
The other options are not as effective or feasible as TCP SYN Ping Scan for the following reasons:
* A. UDP Ping Scan: This technique sends a UDP packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with an ICMP Port Unreachable message, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead, the port is open, or the packet is filtered by a firewall12. UDP Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop UDP packets, especially if they are sent to uncommon or reserved ports. UDP Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it cannot distinguish between open ports and filtered packets, and it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* B. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP ECHO Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP ECHO Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP ECHO Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* C. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP Timestamp Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
References:
* 1: Host Discovery in Nmap Network Scanning - GeeksforGeeks
* 2: nmap Host Discovery Techniques
* 3: TCP SYN Ping Scan - Nmap
* : Ping Sweep - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : UDP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : UDP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : ICMP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : ICMP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
NEW QUESTION # 194
Don, a student, came across a gaming app in a third-party app store and installed it.
Subsequently, all the legitimate apps in his smartphone were replaced by deceptive applications that appeared legitimate. He also received many advertisements on his smartphone after installing the app. What is the attack performed on Don in the above scenario?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 195
Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Social engineering is a non-technical attack that manipulates human behavior to gain access to systems or data. It often involves deception (e.g., phishing, pretexting, baiting) and requires no technical expertise or tools, making it a low-tech yet highly effective method.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Study Guide:
Module 9: Social Engineering
Quote:
"Social engineering exploits human psychology and trust to gain unauthorized access. It is considered a low- tech method because it does not require technical means." Incorrect Options Explained:
B: Eavesdropping may require technical tools to intercept data.
C: Scanning involves active use of tools to find vulnerabilities.
D: Sniffing is technical and requires tools to capture network traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 196
A penetration tester finds that a web application does not properly validate user input and is vulnerable to reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). What is the most appropriate approach to exploit this vulnerability?
Answer: A
Explanation:
CEH v13 explains that reflected XSS occurs when malicious input supplied by an attacker is immediately returned in the HTTP response without sanitization. This type of XSS is typically exploited through a crafted URL containing embedded JavaScript payloads. When a victim clicks the link, the vulnerable server reflects the injected script back to the browser, executing it within the user's session context. CEH emphasizes that reflected XSS relies on social engineering to deliver the payload, often via links sent through email, messaging platforms, or compromised pages. The goal may include stealing session cookies, redirecting users, or manipulating page content. Brute-forcing credentials (Option A) has no relation to XSS. SQL injection (Option C) targets backend databases, not client-side script execution. Directory traversal (Option D) concerns file path manipulation, not dynamic script injection. Therefore, embedding a malicious script in a URL is the correct method to exploit reflected XSS.
NEW QUESTION # 197
A penetration tester evaluates a company's secure web application, which uses HTTPS, secure cookie flags, and strict session management to prevent session hijacking. To bypass these protections and hijack a legitimate user's session without detection, which advanced technique should the tester employ?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Even with HTTPS, secure cookie flags, and strict session management, a Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability allows an attacker to execute malicious code in the user's browser. This enables direct access to the active session token within the authenticated context, making XSS an effective method to hijack a legitimate session without breaking transport security or session handling logic.
NEW QUESTION # 198
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