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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Enumeration15%- Enumeration Concepts
  • 1. Enumeration Fundamentals
  • 2. Enumeration Techniques
- Enumeration Process
  • 1. Enumeration Countermeasures
  • 2. Mail Server Enumeration
  • 3. SNMP Enumeration
  • 4. VoIP Enumeration
  • 5. LDAP Enumeration
  • 6. SMB and SAMBA Enumeration
  • 7. RPC and NFS Enumeration
  • 8. NTP Enumeration
  • 9. NetBIOS Enumeration
Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview6%- Ethical Hacking Overview
  • 1. What is Ethical Hacking?
  • 2. Governance and Compliance
  • 3. Security Testing Methodologies
  • 4. Skills and Mindset of an Ethical Hacker
  • 5. Need for Ethical Hackers
- Information Security Overview
  • 1. Understanding Information Security Controls
  • 2. Proactive Cyber Defense
  • 3. Information Security Threats and Attack Vectors
  • 4. Understanding Information Security Laws and Standards
  • 5. Understanding Information Security
Sniffing and Evasion10%- Network Sniffing
  • 1. Sniffing Concepts
  • 2. Sniffing Detection and Countermeasures
  • 3. ARP Spoofing
  • 4. MAC Flooding and Switch Port Stealing
  • 5. STP Attacks and DNS Poisoning
  • 6. Sniffing Tools
  • 7. VLAN Hopping and DHCP Starvation
- Network Evasion
  • 1. IDS/Firewall Evasion Tools
  • 2. Evasion Techniques
  • 3. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems
  • 4. Denial of Service Attacks
- Social Engineering
  • 1. Social Engineering Techniques
  • 2. Social Engineering Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Social Engineering Concepts
  • 4. Insider Threats and Identity Theft
Reconnaissance Techniques21%- Scanning Networks
  • 1. Network Scanning Concepts
  • 2. Masscan
  • 3. Scan for Vulnerabilities
  • 4. Proxy Servers and Anonymizers
  • 5. Banner Grabbing
  • 6. Scanning Tools
  • 7. Nmap and Zenmap
  • 8. Port Scanning Techniques
  • 9. Hping2 and Hping3
  • 10. Drawing Network Diagrams
  • 11. Scanning Countermeasures
  • 12. Detecting Live Systems
  • 13. NIDS, NIPS, and Firewall Evasion Techniques
- Footprinting and Reconnaissance
  • 1. Footprinting Countermeasures
  • 2. Footprinting Tools
  • 3. Competitive Intelligence Gathering
  • 4. Website Footprinting
  • 5. Network Footprinting
  • 6. Email Footprinting
  • 7. Footprinting through Social Networking Sites
  • 8. DNS Footprinting
  • 9. Footprinting through Web Services
  • 10. Footprinting through Search Engines
  • 11. AWS Cloud Footprinting
Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks7%- IoT and OT Attacks
  • 1. IoT Concepts and Architecture
  • 2. IoT Attack Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. IoT Vulnerabilities and Threats
  • 4. OT Concepts and Attacks
  • 5. IoT Hacking Methodology
- Mobile Platform Attack Vectors
  • 1. Mobile Device Management (MDM)
  • 2. Mobile Platform Overview
  • 3. Mobile Attack Surfaces and Vulnerabilities
  • 4. Mobile Malware and Mobile Spyware
  • 5. Mobile Attack Techniques
  • 6. Mobile Security Tools and Countermeasures
Cloud and Container Attacks10%- Cloud Attacks and Security
  • 1. Cloud Penetration Testing
  • 2. Container Security Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Cloud Security Tools and Best Practices
  • 4. Cloud Security Threats and Attacks
- Cloud Computing Concepts
  • 1. Cloud Architecture and Deployment Models
  • 2. Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
  • 3. Serverless Architecture
  • 4. Container Technology
Malware Threats8%- Malware and Its Types
  • 1. Malware Fundamentals
  • 2. Types of Malware
  • 3. APT and Futuristic Malware
  • 4. APT Concepts
- Malware Analysis and Distribution
  • 1. Malware Detection Methods
  • 2. Malware Analysis Techniques
  • 3. Malware Countermeasures
System Hacking17%- System Hacking Methodologies
  • 1. Escalating Privileges
  • 2. Gaining Access
  • 3. Cracking Passwords
  • 4. Covering Tracks
  • 5. Hiding Files
  • 6. Executing Applications
- System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures
  • 1. Rootkits
  • 2. Steganography
  • 3. Password Recovery Tools
  • 4. Ports and Log Files
  • 5. Keyloggers and Spyware
  • 6. Covering Tracks Countermeasures
Web Application Attacks19%- Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications
  • 1. Web Server Attacks
  • 2. Web Server Attack Methodology
  • 3. Web Server and Web Application Countermeasures
- Web Application Concepts and Attacks
  • 1. OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities
  • 2. Web Application Password Cracking and Clickjacking
  • 3. Web Application Architecture
  • 4. Web Application Countermeasures
  • 5. Authentication and Session Management Attacks
  • 6. Injection Attacks
  • 7. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Request Forgery
  • 8. Web Application Scanning and Testing Tools
Vulnerability Analysis7%- Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
  • 1. Vulnerability Assessment Tools and Software
  • 2. Vulnerability Assessment Solutions
  • 3. Vulnerability Scoring Systems
Wireless Network Attacks9%- Wireless Hacking Methodology
  • 1. Wireless Network Countermeasures
  • 2. Bluetooth and RFID Attacks
  • 3. Wireless Sniffing and Wardriving
  • 4. Cracking WPA/WPA2 and WEP Encryption
  • 5. Wireless Network Hacking Tools
- Wireless Network Concepts
  • 1. Wireless Network Topology and Threats
  • 2. Wireless Encryption and Security
  • 3. Wireless Terminology and Standards
Cryptography and Post-Exploitation13%- Cryptography Concepts
  • 1. Encryption Fundamentals
  • 2. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
  • 3. Encryption Algorithms (Symmetric and Asymmetric)
  • 4. Code Signing and Email Encryption
  • 5. Hashing and Digital Signatures
  • 6. Cryptography Countermeasures
  • 7. Disk Encryption and Cryptanalysis
  • 8. Cryptography Tools
- Post-Exploitation Techniques
  • 1. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)
  • 2. Lateral Movement and Tunneling
  • 3. Post-Exploitation Concepts
  • 4. Covering Tracks and Maintaining Access
  • 5. Reporting and Documentation

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEH v13 AI) Sample Questions (Q193-Q198):

NEW QUESTION # 193
A penetration tester was assigned to scan a large network range to find live hosts. The network is known for using strict TCP filtering rules on its firewall, which may obstruct common host discovery techniques. The tester needs a method that can bypass these firewall restrictions and accurately identify live systems. What host discovery technique should the tester use?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The host discovery technique that the tester should use is TCP SYN Ping Scan. This technique sends a TCP SYN packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with a TCP SYN/ACK packet, it means the host is alive and the port is open. If the host responds with a TCP RST packet, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. TCP SYN Ping Scan can bypass firewall restrictions because it mimics the initial stage of a TCP three-way handshake, which is a common and legitimate network activity. Therefore, most firewalls will allow TCP SYN packets to pass through and reach the target host, unless they are configured to block specific ports or IP addresses3. TCP SYN Ping Scan can also accurately identify live systems because it does not rely on ICMP, which may be blocked or rate-limited by some firewalls or routers.
The other options are not as effective or feasible as TCP SYN Ping Scan for the following reasons:
* A. UDP Ping Scan: This technique sends a UDP packet to a specified port on the target host and waits for a response. If the host responds with an ICMP Port Unreachable message, it means the host is alive but the port is closed. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead, the port is open, or the packet is filtered by a firewall12. UDP Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop UDP packets, especially if they are sent to uncommon or reserved ports. UDP Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it cannot distinguish between open ports and filtered packets, and it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* B. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP ECHO Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP ECHO Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP ECHO Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP ECHO Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
* C. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan: This technique sends an ICMP Timestamp Request packet to the target host and waits for an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet. If the host responds with an ICMP Timestamp Reply packet, it means the host is alive. If the host does not respond at all, it means the host is either dead or filtered by a firewall12. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may not bypass firewall restrictions because some firewalls may block or drop ICMP packets, especially if they are sent to prevent ping sweeps or denial-of-service attacks. ICMP Timestamp Ping Scan may also not accurately identify live systems because it may generate false positives or negatives due to packet loss or rate-limiting.
References:
* 1: Host Discovery in Nmap Network Scanning - GeeksforGeeks
* 2: nmap Host Discovery Techniques
* 3: TCP SYN Ping Scan - Nmap
* : Ping Sweep - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : UDP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : UDP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
* : ICMP Ping Scan - Nmap
* : ICMP Ping Scan - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics


NEW QUESTION # 194
Don, a student, came across a gaming app in a third-party app store and installed it.
Subsequently, all the legitimate apps in his smartphone were replaced by deceptive applications that appeared legitimate. He also received many advertisements on his smartphone after installing the app. What is the attack performed on Don in the above scenario?

Answer: A


NEW QUESTION # 195
Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Social engineering is a non-technical attack that manipulates human behavior to gain access to systems or data. It often involves deception (e.g., phishing, pretexting, baiting) and requires no technical expertise or tools, making it a low-tech yet highly effective method.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Study Guide:
Module 9: Social Engineering
Quote:
"Social engineering exploits human psychology and trust to gain unauthorized access. It is considered a low- tech method because it does not require technical means." Incorrect Options Explained:
B: Eavesdropping may require technical tools to intercept data.
C: Scanning involves active use of tools to find vulnerabilities.
D: Sniffing is technical and requires tools to capture network traffic.


NEW QUESTION # 196
A penetration tester finds that a web application does not properly validate user input and is vulnerable to reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). What is the most appropriate approach to exploit this vulnerability?

Answer: A

Explanation:
CEH v13 explains that reflected XSS occurs when malicious input supplied by an attacker is immediately returned in the HTTP response without sanitization. This type of XSS is typically exploited through a crafted URL containing embedded JavaScript payloads. When a victim clicks the link, the vulnerable server reflects the injected script back to the browser, executing it within the user's session context. CEH emphasizes that reflected XSS relies on social engineering to deliver the payload, often via links sent through email, messaging platforms, or compromised pages. The goal may include stealing session cookies, redirecting users, or manipulating page content. Brute-forcing credentials (Option A) has no relation to XSS. SQL injection (Option C) targets backend databases, not client-side script execution. Directory traversal (Option D) concerns file path manipulation, not dynamic script injection. Therefore, embedding a malicious script in a URL is the correct method to exploit reflected XSS.


NEW QUESTION # 197
A penetration tester evaluates a company's secure web application, which uses HTTPS, secure cookie flags, and strict session management to prevent session hijacking. To bypass these protections and hijack a legitimate user's session without detection, which advanced technique should the tester employ?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Even with HTTPS, secure cookie flags, and strict session management, a Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability allows an attacker to execute malicious code in the user's browser. This enables direct access to the active session token within the authenticated context, making XSS an effective method to hijack a legitimate session without breaking transport security or session handling logic.


NEW QUESTION # 198
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