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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Incident Detection and Response | - Incident handling process
|
| Topic 2: Security Operations and SOC Fundamentals | - Log management and analysis
|
| Topic 3: Threat Intelligence and Cyber Threat Analysis | - Threat intelligence lifecycle
|
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NEW QUESTION # 140
Which of the following factors determine the choice of SIEM architecture?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The choice of SIEM architecture is influenced by several factors that impact how the SIEM system willcollect, manage, and analyze data. Among the options provided, Network Topology is the most relevant factor. It determines the layout of the network, including the arrangement of nodes and the connections between them, which directly affects how the SIEM system will be integrated into the environment. A well- designed network topology ensures that the SIEM system can efficiently collect and correlate data from across the network.
SMTP Configuration, DHCP Configuration, and DNS Configuration are related to specific services and protocols that may be monitored by a SIEM, but they do not determine the choice of SIEM architecture itself.
References: For further understanding, you can refer to the EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst course material and study guides, which provide detailed insights into SIEM architectures and the factors influencing their selection. Additionally, resources like Exabeam's "SIEM Architecture: Technology, Process and Data" offer a comprehensive overview of SIEM systems and their components1.
NEW QUESTION # 141
Juliea a SOC analyst, while monitoring logs, noticed large TXT, NULL payloads.
What does thisindicate?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Juliea, the SOC analyst, noticed large TXT and NULL payloads in the logs. This is indicative of a DNS exfiltration attempt. DNS exfiltration is a type of cyber attack where an attacker uses the DNS protocol to sneak data out of a network undetected. It typically involves the use of large TXT records, which can be used to carry data out of the network. NULL payloads can be used in this context to pad the DNS queries and make them less suspicious or to bypass security controls that inspect the content of DNSqueries.
The steps involved in DNS exfiltration include:
* The attacker compromises a system within the target network.
* Malware on the compromised system encodes the data it wants to exfiltrate.
* The encoded data is split into chunks that fit into DNS query sizes.
* These chunks are sent as data in DNS queries or responses, often using TXT records.
* An external attacker-controlled server receives the DNS queries and decodes the data.
References:
EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) course material and study guides provide detailed information on various types of cyber attacks, including DNS exfiltration.
Online resources and practice questions for the Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) exam also cover this topic and can be used to verify the answer123.
Additional information on DNS exfiltration techniques and detection methods can be found in security blogs and articles that discuss the subject in depth456.
Reference: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwj8gZaKq_PuAhWGi1wKHfQTC0oQFjAAegQIAR
&url=https%3A%2F%2Fconf.splunk.com%2Fsession%2F2014%
2Fconf2014_FredWilmotSanfordOwings_Splunk_Security.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3ZLfzGqM-VUG7xKtze67ac
NEW QUESTION # 142
Which of the following technique involves scanning the headers of IP packets leaving a network to make sure that the unauthorized or malicious traffic never leaves the internal network?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 143
As a Threat Hunter at a cybersecurity company, you notice several endpoints experiencing unusual outbound traffic to an unfamiliar IP address. The traffic is encrypted and occurs in small bursts at irregular intervals.
There are no known IoCs associated with the destination, and traditional security tools have not flagged it as malicious. You decide to launch a threat-hunting initiative to determine whether this is an advanced persistent threat (APT) using sophisticated techniques to evade detection. The goal is to identify potential Indicators of Attack (IoAs) and map them against known adversary behaviors. What type of threat hunting approach is best suited for this situation?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Unstructured hunting is best suited when you have a weak but concerning signal (like unusual encrypted bursts to an unfamiliar IP) without a clear hypothesis tied to a known technique or indicator. In this scenario, there are no known IoCs and no alert from traditional tools, so the hunt starts from an intuition-driven anomaly and develops into hypotheses through exploration: examining which hosts are involved, what processes initiate connections, whether destinations vary, whether the behavior aligns with legitimate business tooling, and whether there are associated persistence or credential access signals. This is characteristic of unstructured hunts-analyst-driven exploration based on suspicious observations. Structured hunting typically starts with a defined hypothesis or known adversary behavior mapped to a framework and uses planned queries to confirm or refute it. Situational/entity-driven hunting focuses on a specific entity (a VIP user, crown-jewel server) or a known incident context. Reactive hunting is driven by alerts or confirmed incidents.
Here, the hunt is prompted by an anomaly without predefined IoCs or alerts, making unstructured hunting the most appropriate approach to uncover IoAs and then map findings to adversary behaviors.
NEW QUESTION # 144
The Syslog message severity levels are labelled from level 0 to level 7.
What does level 0 indicate?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 145
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