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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Enterprise Firewall | - System configuration
|
| SD-WAN | - Centralized management
|
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NEW QUESTION # 134
Refer to the exhibit.
A partial output from an IKE real-time debug is shown
The administrator does not have access to (he remote gateway
Based on the debug output, which two conclusions can you draw? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
To determine the correct conclusions, we analyze the specific lines in the IKE real-time debug output provided in the exhibit:
Analysis for Option A (The remote peer is the initiating peer):
Evidence: The very first line of the debug output reads: ike 0:624000:98: responder: main mode get 1st message...
The keyword responder indicates that this local FortiGate is receiving the connection request. Consequently, the remote peer must be the initiator sending the request. The phrase " get 1st message " confirms the local unit is receiving the initial packet of the negotiation sequence.
Conclusion: This statement is True.
Analysis for Option B (This is a phase 1 negotiation):
Evidence: The same line mentions main mode.
In IPsec VPNs, Main Mode and Aggressive Mode are exclusively used for Phase 1 (IKE SA) negotiations.
Phase 2 (Child SA) negotiations use Quick Mode. The presence of " main mode " definitively identifies this as a Phase 1 exchange.
Conclusion: This statement is True.
Analysis for Option C (There is a Diffie-Hellman group mismatch):
Evidence:
Incoming proposal (Remote): Lists type=OAKLEY_GROUP, val=MODP2048 (Group 14) in the first proposal proposal.
My proposal (Local): Lists type=OAKLEY_GROUP, val=MODP2048 (Group 14).
Since both the remote peer and the local gateway support and are proposing MODP2048 (Group 14), there is no Diffie-Hellman group mismatch. The actual mismatch visible in the logs is between the Encryption/Hash algorithms (Remote proposes AES-256/SHA2-256, while Local proposes AES-128/SHA), but the DH groups match.
Conclusion: This statement is False.
Analysis for Option D (This is a phase 2 negotiation):
As established in the analysis for Option B, " Main Mode " is a Phase 1 protocol. If this were Phase 2, the debug would show " Quick Mode " .
Conclusion: This statement is False.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (IPsec VPN): " Phase 1 modes: Main mode and Aggressive mode. " FortiOS Debugging documentation: Explains that " responder " indicates the device receiving the IKE initialization.
NEW QUESTION # 135
Refer to the exhibit.
The port1 interface configuration on FortiGate and partial session information for ICMP traffic are shown.
Which two things happen to the session information if a routing change occurs that affects this session?
(Choose two answers)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are A and C .
The exhibit shows that preserve-session-route is enabled on port1:
config system interface
edit " port1 "
set preserve-session-route enable
next
end
The study guide explains the effect of this setting exactly:
"enable: FortiGate marks existing session routing information as persistent, and applies only the modified routes to new sessions" It also states:
"The current route must still be present in the FIB. Otherwise, FortiGate flags the session as dirty and reevaluates it" And the same page further clarifies:
"If you enable this setting, sessions passing through that interface continue to pass without being affected by the routing changes. The routing changes apply only to new sessions. If the route is removed from the FIB, then FortiGate must flag the session as dirty, flush its gateway information, and reevaluate the session." This proves:
* A is correct because with preserve-session-route enable, existing sessions are normally preserved and routing changes apply only to new sessions.
* C is correct because the session remains unchanged unless the current route is removed from the FIB
/routing table, in which case FortiGate dirties and reevaluates the session.
Why the other options are wrong:
* B is wrong because when the active route is removed, FortiGate does not simply mark the session dirty and stop there. The study guide says it "flags the session as dirty and reevaluates it" , which means route lookup happens again.
* D is wrong because the session does change if the active route is removed. FortiGate flushes gateway information and reevaluates the session.
So the verified answers are: A, C .
NEW QUESTION # 136
Refer to the exhibit.
The routing table information is shown.
Assuming a default configuration, which three statements about the RPF check on FortiGate are correct? (Choose three.)
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are A, D, and E. This is a feasible path RPF check scenario. In FortiGate's default RPF behavior, FortiGate checks whether the routing table contains a valid return route to the source IP address through the same interface on which the packet arrived. The study guide's RPF feasible path example states that FortiGate "checks the routing table for a route that matches the source address and incoming interface of the first original packet." It then gives the exact result: User A passes because "there is a default route through wan1," so packets received on wan1 pass the RPF check regardless of source address. User B fails because FortiGate does not have a route to 95.56.234.24 through wan2. User C fails because FortiGate does not have a route to 10.0.4.63 through port1. Therefore, option B is wrong because FortiGate is not allowing asymmetric return routing here. Option C is wrong because the default route points out wan1, not port1, so it cannot validate User C's packet arriving on port1.
NEW QUESTION # 137
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of diagnose sys session stat.
Which statement about the output shown in the exhibit is correct?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is D.
The exhibit shows:
session_count=591
clash=162
memory_tension_drop=0
TCP sessions:
166 in NONE state
1 in ESTABLISHED state
3 in SYN_SENT state
2 in TIME_WAIT state
The study guide explains the TCP protocol states and states explicitly:
"When a session is closed by both the sender and receiver, FortiGate keeps that session in the session table for a few seconds, to allow for any out-of-order packets that might arrive after the FIN/ACK packet. This is the state value 5." In diagnose sys session stat, the exhibit shows 2 in TIME_WAIT state. Since TIME_WAIT = state value 5, those are the sessions being kept briefly for possible out-of-order packets. That makes D correct.
Why the other options are wrong:
A is wrong because session_count=591 is the total number of sessions, while the TCP sessions shown add up to only 172 (166 + 1 + 3 + 2). So not all sessions in the table are TCP sessions.
B is wrong because the study guide says the number of sessions deleted because of low free memory is shown by memory_tension_drop, and in the exhibit it is 0, not 162.
C is wrong because the study guide defines ephemeral/open TCP sessions as those not fully established, but the exhibit does not say all 166 in NONE state are specifically "waiting to complete the three-way handshake." The clearest directly supported statement from the displayed states is the 2 TIME_WAIT sessions retained for out-of-order packets.
So the verified answer is: D.
NEW QUESTION # 138
Refer to the exhibit.
The exhibit shows the output of a session. Which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are C and D.
For D, the session output shows proto=6, which means TCP, and proto_state=01. The study guide explains that for TCP sessions, "the first number (from left to right) is related to the server-side state and is 0 when the session is not subject to any inspection (flow or proxy). ... The second digit is the client-side state." It also shows that value 1 = ESTABLISHED So proto_state=01 means:
first digit 0 = no inspection
second digit 1 = ESTABLISHED
That confirms the TCP session has been successfully established.
For C, the study guide section "Session for an Authenticated User" states: "Any session for traffic coming from an authenticated user contains the authed flag. Additionally, the username is added to the session information." In the exhibit, the session contains user=User1 and an authentication state flag (authd), which indicates the session is associated with an authenticated user.
Why the other options are wrong:
A is wrong because the session did match a firewall policy. The study guide says the session output includes
"The ID of the matching policy" In the exhibit, the session shows policy_id=1, so a firewall policy was matched.
B is wrong because the study guide explains the gwy field as:
first value = gateway to destination
second value = gateway to source The exhibit shows gwy=10.1.0.254/10.1.10.1, so:
gateway to destination = 10.1.0.254
gateway to source = 10.1.10.1
So the verified answers are: C, D.
NEW QUESTION # 139
......
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