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Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Data Operations and Support22%- Manage and troubleshoot data processes
  • 1. Performance tuning
  • 2. Debugging failed jobs
  • 3. Cost optimization
- Monitor data pipelines
  • 1. Amazon CloudWatch
  • 2. AWS CloudTrail
  • 3. Logging and metrics
- Automate data pipelines
  • 1. AWS Lambda triggers
  • 2. Event-driven triggers
  • 3. Scheduling jobs
Data Ingestion and Transformation34%- Orchestrate data pipelines
  • 1. AWS Glue Workflows
  • 2. AWS Step Functions
  • 3. Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (MWAA)
  • 4. Event-driven architectures
- Transform and process data
  • 1. Batch and stream processing
  • 2. Data transformation services (AWS Glue, Amazon EMR, AWS Lambda)
  • 3. ETL/ELT patterns
  • 4. Data partitioning and compression
- Apply programming concepts
  • 1. Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
  • 2. SQL, Python, Scala
  • 3. Version control
- Perform data ingestion
  • 1. Throughput and latency characteristics for AWS services
  • 2. Batch data ingestion (scheduled ingestion, event-driven ingestion)
  • 3. Data ingestion patterns (frequency and data history)
  • 4. Replayability of data
  • 5. Streaming data ingestion
Data Store Management26%- Manage data lifecycle
  • 1. Amazon S3 storage classes
  • 2. Data archiving
  • 3. Data retention policies
- Understand data cataloging
  • 1. AWS Glue Data Catalog
  • 2. Data discovery and classification
  • 3. Schema evolution
- Choose a data store
  • 1. Amazon S3, Amazon RDS, Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon Redshift
  • 2. Data lakes vs. data warehouses
  • 3. Data characteristics (structured, semi-structured, unstructured)
  • 4. Access and storage patterns
- Design data models
  • 1. Normalization and denormalization
  • 2. Partitioning and indexing strategies
  • 3. Schema design
Data Security and Governance18%- Implement data quality checks
  • 1. Data validation
  • 2. AWS Glue DataBrew
- Manage data privacy and compliance
  • 1. AWS Lake Formation permissions
  • 2. Data masking and tokenization
  • 3. PII data handling
- Apply authentication and authorization
  • 1. Amazon S3 bucket policies
  • 2. AWS IAM policies and roles
  • 3. Service control policies (SCPs)
- Ensure data encryption
  • 1. AWS KMS
  • 2. Encryption at rest and in transit

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Amazon AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate (DEA-C01) 認定 Data-Engineer-Associate 試験問題 (Q206-Q211):

質問 # 206
A data engineer is building a new data pipeline that stores metadata in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data engineer must ensure that all items that are older than a specified age are removed from the DynamoDB table daily.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST configuration effort?

正解:A

解説:
DynamoDB Time to Live (TTL) automatically expires and deletes items based on a timestamp attribute - it requires minimal setup and runs without additional infrastructure.
The engineer only needs to define a TTL attribute (e.g., expiration_time) and set its epoch value when items are inserted.
"To automatically delete old items from a DynamoDB table, enable TTL and define a timestamp attribute.
Items are removed automatically after the specified time with no extra maintenance."
- Ace the AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate Certification - version 2 - apple.pdf This is serverless, free, and requires no scheduling or code-based cleanup.


質問 # 207
A company receives call logs as Amazon S3 objects that contain sensitive customer information. The company must protect the S3 objects by using encryption. The company must also use encryption keys that only specific employees can access.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

正解:D

解説:
Option C is the best solution to meet the requirements with the least effort because server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) is a feature that allows you to encrypt data at rest in Amazon S3 using keys managed by AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). AWS KMS is a fully managed service that enables you to create and manage encryption keys for your AWS services and applications. AWS KMS also allows you to define granular access policies for your keys, such as who can use them to encrypt and decrypt data, and under what conditions. By using SSE-KMS, you can protect your S3 objects by using encryption keys that only specific employees can access, without having to manage the encryption and decryption process yourself.
Option A is not a good solution because it involves using AWS CloudHSM, which is a service that provides hardware security modules (HSMs) in the AWS Cloud. AWS CloudHSM allows you to generate and use your own encryption keys on dedicated hardware that is compliant with various standards and regulations.
However, AWS CloudHSM is not a fully managed service and requires more effort to set up and maintain than AWS KMS. Moreover, AWS CloudHSM does not integrate with Amazon S3, so you have to configure the process that writes to S3 to make calls to CloudHSM to encrypt and decrypt the objects, which adds complexity and latency to the data protection process.
Option B is not a good solution because it involves using server-side encryption with customer-provided keys (SSE-C), which is a feature that allows you to encrypt data at rest in Amazon S3 using keys that you provide and manage yourself. SSE-C requires you to send your encryption key along with each request to upload or retrieve an object. However, SSE-C does not provide any mechanism to restrict access to the keys that encrypt the objects, so you have to implement your own key management and access control system, which adds more effort and risk to the data protection process.
Option D is not a good solution because it involves using server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3), which is a feature that allows you to encrypt data at rest in Amazon S3 using keys that are managed by Amazon S3. SSE-S3 automatically encrypts and decrypts your objects as they are uploaded and downloaded from S3. However, SSE-S3 does not allow you to control who can access the encryption keys or under what conditions. SSE-S3 uses a single encryption key for each S3 bucket, which is shared by all users who have access to the bucket. This means that you cannot restrict access to the keys that encrypt the objects by specific employees, which does not meet the requirements.
AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide
Protecting Data Using Server-Side Encryption with AWS KMS-Managed Encryption Keys (SSE-KMS) - Amazon Simple Storage Service What is AWS Key Management Service? - AWS Key Management Service What is AWS CloudHSM? - AWS CloudHSM Protecting Data Using Server-Side Encryption with Customer-Provided Encryption Keys (SSE-C) - Amazon Simple Storage Service Protecting Data Using Server-Side Encryption with Amazon S3-Managed Encryption Keys (SSE-S3) - Amazon Simple Storage Service


質問 # 208
A company has multiple applications that use datasets that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has an ecommerce application that generates a dataset that contains personally identifiable information (PII).
The company has an internal analytics application that does not require access to the PII.
To comply with regulations, the company must not share PII unnecessarily. A data engineer needs to implement a solution that with redact PII dynamically, based on the needs of each application that accesses the dataset.
Which solution will meet the requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

正解:C

解説:
Option B is the best solution to meet the requirements with the least operational overhead because S3 Object Lambda is a feature that allows you to add your own code to process data retrieved from S3 before returning it to an application. S3 Object Lambda works with S3 GET requests and can modify both the object metadata and the object data. By using S3 Object Lambda, you can implement redaction logic within an S3 Object Lambda function to dynamically redact PII based on the needs of each application that accesses the data. This way, you can avoid creating and maintaining multiple copies of the dataset with different levels of redaction.
Option A is not a good solution because it involves creating and managing multiple copies of the dataset with different levels of redaction for each application. This option adds complexity and storage cost to the data protection process and requires additional resources and configuration. Moreover, S3 bucket policies cannot enforce fine-grained data access control at the row and column level, so they are not sufficient to redact PII.
Option C is not a good solution because it involves using AWS Glue to transform the data for each application. AWS Glue is a fully managed service that can extract, transform, and load (ETL) data from various sources to various destinations, including S3. AWS Glue can also convert data to different formats, such as Parquet, which is a columnar storage format that is optimized for analytics. However, in this scenario, using AWS Glue to redact PII is not the best option because it requires creating and maintaining multiple copies of the dataset with different levels of redaction for each application. This option also adds extra time and cost to the data protection process and requires additional resources and configuration.
Option D is not a good solution because it involves creating and configuring an API Gateway endpoint that has custom authorizers. API Gateway is a service that allows you to create, publish, maintain, monitor, and secure APIs at any scale. API Gateway can also integrate with other AWS services, such as Lambda, to provide custom logic for processing requests. However, in this scenario, using API Gateway to redact PII is not the best option because it requires writing and maintaining custom code and configuration for the API endpoint, the custom authorizers, and the REST API call. This option also adds complexity and latency to the data protection process and requires additional resources and configuration.
References:
* AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide
* Introducing Amazon S3 Object Lambda - Use Your Code to Process Data as It Is Being Retrieved from S3
* Using Bucket Policies and User Policies - Amazon Simple Storage Service
* AWS Glue Documentation
* What is Amazon API Gateway? - Amazon API Gateway


質問 # 209
A data engineer is launching an Amazon EMR cluster. The data that the data engineer needs to load into the new cluster is currently in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer needs to ensure that data is encrypted both at rest and in transit.
The data that is in the S3 bucket is encrypted by an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The data engineer has an Amazon S3 path that has a Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) file.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

正解:C

解説:
To meet both encryption at rest and in transit, a single Amazon EMR security configuration can be created specifying the AWS KMS key for encryption at rest and the PEM file for in-transit encryption. The study guide clearly states:
"AWS Key Management Service (KMS) provides encryption for data at rest, and SSL/TLS ensures encryption for data in transit, providing end-to-end encryption within an AWS environment."
- Ace the AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate Certification - version 2 - apple.pdf A single security configuration is sufficient and the cleanest way to apply these security features during EMR cluster setup.


質問 # 210
A technology company currently uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect log data in real time. The company wants to use Amazon Redshift for downstream real-time queries and to enrich the log data.
Which solution will ingest data into Amazon Redshift with the LEAST operational overhead?

正解:A

解説:
The most efficient and low-operational-overhead solution for ingesting data into Amazon Redshift from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams is to use Amazon Redshift streaming ingestion. This feature allows Redshift to directly ingest streaming data from Kinesis Data Streams and process it in real-time.
* Amazon Redshift Streaming Ingestion:
* Redshift supports native streaming ingestion from Kinesis Data Streams, allowing real-time data to be queried using materialized views.
* This solution reduces operational complexity because you don't need intermediary services like Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose or S3 for batch loading.


質問 # 211
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