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| Section | Objectives |
|---|
| Topic 1: Understand how to prepare for negotiations in procurement and supply | - Understand how to prepare for a negotiation
- 1. The use of bargaining mixes and trade-offs
- 2. Defining objectives and variables
- 3. Zones of potential agreement (ZOPA)
- 4. The best alternatives to a negotiated agreement (BATNA)
- Analyze the factors that impact on the approach to commercial negotiations
- 1. The position of buyers and sellers
- 2. Policies, procedures and protocols
- 3. Ownership and stakeholder perspectives
- 4. The impact of time limits and deadlines
|
| Topic 2: Understand the interpersonal skills required for effective negotiation | - Understand the behavioral aspects of negotiation
- 1. Perception and bias
- 2. Concessions and trade-offs
- 3. Ethical and unethical practices
- 4. Conflict handling styles
- Analyze the interpersonal skills required for effective negotiation
- 1. Influencing and persuasion skills
- 2. Questioning and listening skills
- 3. Body language and non-verbal communication
- 4. Assertiveness
|
| Topic 3: Understand the stages of commercial negotiations in procurement and supply | - Understand the stages of a commercial negotiation
- 1. Bargaining and problem solving
- 2. Defining the ground rules
- 3. Closure and agreement implementation
- 4. Preparation and planning
- 5. Clarification and justification
- Analyze the types of approaches that can be pursued in commercial negotiations
- 1. The influence of power and trust in negotiations
- 2. Integrative (win-win) approaches
- 3. Distributive (win-lose) approaches
- 4. Pragmatic and principled approaches
|
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CIPS Commercial Negotiation Sample Questions (Q348-Q353):
NEW QUESTION # 348
Which of the following types of relationship would possibly lead to a distributive negotiation?
- A. Partnership
- B. Outsourcing
- C. Transactional
- D. Alliance
Answer: C
Explanation:
Reference: CIPS L4M5 Study Guide, Section 1.1 - Types of Commercial Relationships
NEW QUESTION # 349
Which of the following are most likely to be fundamentals of Fisher & Ury's principled negotiation?
1. Depersonalise the argument
2. Focus on positions
3. Generate creative options
4. Using subjective criteria
- A. 1 and 3 only
- B. 2 and 4 only
- C. 1 and 4 only
- D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: A
Explanation:
Principled negotiation is based on four fundamentals: people, interest, options and criteria:
Diagram Description automatically generated
1st Principle: separate the people from the problem: Negotiator should depersonalise the situation and accepting that the subject matter of the negotiation. This can be difficult for untrained negotiators, but this is a key skill to develop
2nd principle: focus on interests, not positions: It is important in principled negotiations not to focus on their parties' positions (what are expressed during negotiations), but on the interests (underlying needs) behind them
3rd principle: invent options for mutual gains: this principle aims to help the parties find a solution that both would benefit from. The more options - or tradeables - that can be brought to the table the better.
4th principle: insist on using objective criteria: is about making sure that the negotiation stays focused on outcomes based on objective criteria and that it is productive.
LO 1, AC 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 350
Which of the following is a source of information on microeconomic factors?
- A. Data published by financial markets and commodity exchanges
- B. Analysis published in the mainstream and financial media
- C. Published economic indices such as the Retail Price Index (RPI)
- D. The marketing and corporate communications of suppliers
Answer: D
Explanation:
Microeconomic factors concern the conditions specific to suppliers, buyers, and markets - such as supplier communications, annual reports, and industry-specific data. These provide insight into cost structures, capacity, and competitive positioning. Macroeconomic factors, by contrast, include inflation indices (RPI), financial market trends, or global commodity prices. Distinguishing between micro and macro sources allows negotiators to build more precise intelligence for supplier discussions.
Reference: CIPS L4M5 (2nd ed.), LO 1.2 - Micro vs macroeconomic factors in negotiation preparation.
NEW QUESTION # 351
Macroeconomics can have an impact on commercial negotiations. Is this statement correct?
- A. Yes, because factors such as inflation might influence pricing decisions
- B. No, because these macroeconomics can be discussed and addressed with a WIN/WIN (integrative) strategy
- C. No, because these considerations only affect the buyer
- D. Yes, because sales volumes are a key factor in the discussions
Answer: A
Explanation:
Macroeconomic factors like inflation, interest rates, and currency fluctuations can significantly affect pricing and contractual terms. Buyers and suppliers must account for these factors during negotiations, particularly in long-term or high-value contracts.
Reference: L4M5 Commercial Negotiation 2nd edition (CORE), Section 2.2 - Economic Environment in Commercial Negotiation
NEW QUESTION # 352
Which of these personal power bases stems from the manager's position in the organisation and the authority that lies in that position?
- A. Reward power
- B. Expert power
- C. Legitimate power
- D. Coercive power
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Legitimate power comes from the belief that a person has the formal right to make demands, and to expect others to be compliant and obedient. Legitimate power comesfrom rules, formal authority, organisation rank, staff grade or official position held. In commercial negotiation, legitimate power can be demonstrated by job title and rank.
LO 1, AC 1.3
NEW QUESTION # 353
......
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