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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Legal and regulatory considerations | 10-15% | - Legislation affecting requirements definition
|
| Market management in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Assess market forces and trends
|
| Use specifications in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Advantages and limitations of specification types
|
| Stakeholder management in defining needs | 15-20% | - Identify and classify stakeholders
|
| Devise a business case for requirements sourced externally | 20-25% | - Estimate costs and prices for procurement activities
|
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NEW QUESTION # 57
When analyzing direct and indirect costs of potential suppliers for negotiations and planning pur-chasing budget, the procurement manager collects reports from specialist organisations like Mintel, Gartner and Forrester. Which kind of information source is used by the procurement manager?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Using Porter's value chain helps procurement professionals know what are direct and indirect costs of supplier. Information on direct and indirect costs will have been collected as part of the market analysis.
Information sources that may help include the following:
- Company annual reports
- Market data
- Technical data
- Request for information
- Plan visits
- Discount lists
Market data is the information that is collected and analysed by specialist organisations like Mintel, Gartner, Forrester,...
Reference: CIPS study guide page 98-105
LO 2, AC 2.3
NEW QUESTION # 58
A procurement organisation is keen to encourage innovation available within the supply market in the execution of an upcoming significant contract opportunity. A team member suggests that the specification should define the performance indicators so that supplier's solution can be checked against them. Which of the following will enable the organisation to achieve this goal?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The buying organisation is keen to encourage innovation so they should use the outcome or output based specification. In an outcome-based specification, umbrella statements like 'good quality', 'ambient temperature', 'convenient way' are often used. This may confuse the suppliers, and it's hard to check the solution that supplier offers. On the other hand, ouput-based specifications often include measurable requirements. For example, a specification for air conditioning system states that the system should maintain the room temperature at 19-24 degrees Celsius. Therefore, output specification is more appropriate in this case.
NEW QUESTION # 59
When a procurement manager considers a substitution, the number and nature of additional func-tions that substitute provides should be taken into account carefully. Which of the following ratio could help the procurement manager to make the right decision?
Answer: A
Explanation:
One product substitutes for another if it offers buyers an inducement to switch that exceeds the cost or overcomes the resistance to doing so. A substitute offers an inducement to switch if the substitute provides the buyer with more value relative to its price than the product currently being used. There is always some cost of switching to a substitute because of the disruption and potential reconfiguration of buyer activities that must result, however. The threat of a substitute will vary depending on the size of the inducement relative to the required switching costs.
In addition to relative value to price and switching cost, the pattern of substitution is influenced by what I term the buyer's propensity to switch. Faced with equivalent economic inducements for substitution, different buyers will often evaluate substitution differently. The threat of substitution, then, is a function of three factors:
* The relative value/ price of a substitute compared to an industry's product
* The cost of switching to the substitute
* The buyer's propensity to switch
Porter, Michael E.. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (p. 278). Free Press. Kindle Edition.
The price-to-book ratio compares a company's market value to its book value. The market value of a company is its share price multiplied by the number of outstanding shares. The book value is the net assets of a company.
The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is the ratio for valuing a company that measures its current share price relative to its earnings per share (EPS). The price-to-earnings ratio is also sometimes known as the price multiple or the earnings multiple.
The reserve ratio is the portion of reservable liabilities that commercial banks must hold onto, rather than lend out or invest. This is a requirement determined by the country's central bank, which in the United States is the Federal Reserve. It is also known as the cash reserve ratio.
LO 2, AC 2.2
NEW QUESTION # 60
Which of the following will help the bargaining strength of a buyer?
* The buyer has the option to make the product in-house
* There are a limited number of suppliers available to the buyer
* The buyer's switching costs are high
* The buyer's spend is a high proportion of the supplier's revenue
Answer: A
Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:
* 1 (Make in-house): The ability to produce in-house reduces dependency on suppliers, strengthening buyer power.
* 4 (High spend proportion): A high proportion of spend gives buyers leverage over suppliers who are reliant on their revenue.Limited suppliers (2) and high switching costs (3) reduce buyer bargaining power. Reference: CIPS Level 4, Market Power Analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 61
Royal Navy is preparing a through-life contract. They put to the contract a term on rectification of operational defects and planning and delivery of Fleet Time Support Periods. Which part of through-life requirement does this term belong to?
Answer: B
Explanation:
There are 6 main components of the through-life requirements of an asset: Design, Manufacture, Installation, In-service support, Decommission and disposal and Customer support.
Rectification of operational defects and planning and delivery of Fleet Time Support Periods are maintenance activities which belong to in-service support. You may have chosen Customer support. However, in through- life asset management context, customer support does not include maintenance services. Instead, it is the services that go along the stages of asset life. It may include consulting, communication and information exchange.
Diagram, table Description automatically generated
Source: Andrew Graves
NEW QUESTION # 62
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