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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Topic 2: Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Topic 3: Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Topic 4: Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Topic 5: Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
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NEW QUESTION # 242
Question:
As an auditor, you have noticed that ABC Inc. has established a procedure to manage removable storage media. The procedure is based on the classification scheme adopted by ABC Inc.. Thus, if the information stored is classified as "confidential," the procedure applies. However, public information does not have confidentiality requirements, so only integrity and availability controls apply. What type of audit finding is this?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* C. Correct Answer:
* The classification-based security approach aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.
5.12 (Classification of Information).
* The organization is applying a security control in accordance with the classification policy, ensuring conformity to information security best practices.
* A. Incorrect:
* Nonconformity occurs when a process does not comply with ISO/IEC 27001 requirements.
However, in this case, the classification system is correctly implemented.
* B. Incorrect:
* Anomaly refers to unexpected deviations in operations, but this is an intentional implementation.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.5.12 (Information Classification Policy)
NEW QUESTION # 243
Which measure is a preventive measure?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A preventive measure is a measure that aims to avoid or reduce the likelihood or impact of an unwanted incident. Putting sensitive information in a safe is an example of such a measure, as it protects the information from unauthorized access, theft, damage or loss. Installing a logging system, shutting down internet traffic or restoring data from backups are not preventive measures, but rather detective, corrective or recovery measures. They do not prevent incidents from happening, but rather help to identify, stop or recover from them. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines preventive action as "action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity or other undesirable potential situation" (see clause 3.38). Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Preventive Measure?
NEW QUESTION # 244
You are an ISMS audit team leader assigned by your certification body to carry out a follow-up audit of a Data Centre client.
According to ISO 19011:2018, the purpose of a follow-up audit is to verify which one of the following?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The purpose of a follow-up audit is to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken by the auditee in response to the nonconformities identified in a previous audit1. A follow-up audit is a type of audit that is conducted after an initial audit, and it focuses on the specific areas where nonconformities were found and corrective actions were agreed upon2. A follow-up audit can be conducted as a separate audit or as part of a scheduled audit, depending on the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the audit programme objectives3.
The other options are not the purpose of a follow-up audit, but rather the purpose of other types of audits. For example:
*Option A is the purpose of a performance audit, which is a type of audit that evaluates the effectiveness of the management system in achieving its intended results4.
*Option B is the purpose of a compliance audit, which is a type of audit that verifies the conformity of the management system with the specified requirements, such as the ISMS objectives5.
*Option C is the purpose of a process audit, which is a type of audit that examines the inputs, activities, outputs, and interactions of a specific process within the management system, such as the risk treatment process.
References: 1: ISO 19011:2018, 6.7; 2: ISO 19011:2018, 3.7; 3: ISO 19011:2018, 5.5.2; 4: ISO 19011:2018,
3.6; 5: ISO 19011:2018, 3.5; : ISO 19011:2018, 3.4; : ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018: ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018; : [ISO 19011:2018]
NEW QUESTION # 245
In regard to generating an audit finding, select the words that best complete the following sentence.
To complete the sentence with the best word(s), click on the blank section you want to complete so that it Is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation
Audit evidence should be evaluated against the audit criteria in order to determine audit findings.
* Audit evidence is the information obtained by the auditors during the audit process that is used as a basis for forming an audit opinion or conclusion12. Audit evidence could include records, documents, statements, observations, interviews, or test results12.
* Audit criteria are the set of policies, procedures, standards, regulations, or requirements that are used as a reference against which audit evidence is compared12. Audit criteria could be derived from internal or external sources, such as ISO standards, industry best practices, or legal obligations12.
* Audit findings are the results of a process that evaluates audit evidence and compares it against audit criteria13. Audit findings can show that audit criteria are being met (conformity) or that they are not being met (nonconformity). They can also identify best practices or improvement opportunities13.
References :=
* ISO 19011:2022 Guidelines for auditing management systems
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements
* Components of Audit Findings - The Institute of Internal Auditors
NEW QUESTION # 246
You are performing an ISMS audit at a residential nursing home called ABC that provides healthcare services.
The next step in your audit plan is to verify the information security on ABC's healthcare mobile app development, support, and lifecycle process. During the audit, you learned the organization outsourced the mobile app development to a professional software development company with CMMI Level 5, ITSM (ISO
/IEC
20000-1), BCMS (ISO 22301) and ISMS (ISO/IEC 27001) certified. The IT Manager presented the software security management procedure and summarised the process as follows:
The mobile app development shall adopt "security-by-design" and "security-by-default" principles, as a minimum. The following security functions for personal data protection shall be available:
Access control.
Personal data encryption, i.e., Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, key lengths: 256 bits; and Personal data pseudonymization.
Vulnerability checked and no security backdoor
You sample the latest Mobile App Test report - details as follows:
You ask the IT Manager why the organisation still uses the mobile app while personal data encryption and pseudonymization tests failed. Also, whether the Service Manager is authorized to approve the test.
The IT Manager explains the test results should be approved by him according to the software security management procedure. The reason why the encryption and pseudonymization functions failed is that these functions heavily slowed down the system and service performance. An extra
150% of resources are needed to cover this. The Service Manager agreed that access control is good enough and acceptable. That's why the Service Manager signed the approval.
You sample one of the medical staff's mobile and found that ABC's healthcare mobile app, version
1.01 is installed. You found that version 1.01 has no test record.
The IT Manager explains that because of frequent ransomware attacks, the outsourced mobile app development company gave a free minor update on the tested software, performed an emergency release of the updated software, and gave a verbal guarantee that there will be no impact on any security functions. Based on his 20 years of information security experience, there is no need to re- test.
You are preparing the audit findings Select two options that are correct.
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001, organizations must control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes in order to ensure continued alignment with information security requirements. In this scenario, the organization failed to perform appropriate testing after an emergency update to the mobile app, which constitutes a nonconformity with clause 8.1 of the standard.
**References**:
- ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Reference Materials
- PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO 27001 Lead Auditor
ISO/IEC 27001 requires that organizations adhere to their established procedures for software security management. The IT Manager's approval of the app despite failed security tests and lack of proper documentation for the new version indicates noncompliance with the procedure, thus reflecting a nonconformity.
**References**:
- ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Reference Materials
- PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO 27001 Lead Auditor
NEW QUESTION # 247
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