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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Operations and Support | 22% | - Monitor and troubleshoot data pipelines
- Ensure reliability and scalability - Automate operational tasks |
| Data Security and Governance | 18% | - Protect sensitive data - Implement access control and authentication
- Enforce compliance and data governance
|
| Data Ingestion and Transformation | 34% | - Implement data quality and validation - Ingest data from various sources
|
| Data Store Management | 26% | - Manage data lifecycle and storage tiers - Optimize storage performance and cost - Design and implement data storage solutions
|
>> Data-Engineer-Associate通過考試 <<
Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate認證考試在競爭激烈的IT行業中越來越受歡迎，報名參加考試的人越來越多。但是它的難度並沒有減小，依然很難通過考試，畢竟這是個權威的檢驗電腦專業知識和資訊技術能力的考試。一般人為了通過Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate 認證考試都需要花費大量的時間和精力來復習備考。
問題 #169
A company loads transaction data for each day into Amazon Redshift tables at the end of each day. The company wants to have the ability to track which tables have been loaded and which tables still need to be loaded.
A data engineer wants to store the load statuses of Redshift tables in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data engineer creates an AWS Lambda function to publish the details of the load statuses to DynamoDB.
How should the data engineer invoke the Lambda function to write load statuses to the DynamoDB table?
答案：D
解題說明：
The Amazon Redshift Data API enables you to interact with your Amazon Redshift data warehouse in an easy and secure way. You can use the Data API to run SQL commands, such as loading data into tables, without requiring a persistent connection to the cluster. The Data API also integrates with Amazon EventBridge, which allows you to monitor the execution status of your SQL commands and trigger actions based on events. By using the Data API to publish an event to EventBridge, the data engineer can invoke the Lambda function that writes the load statuses to the DynamoDB table. This solution is scalable, reliable, and cost-effective. The other options are either not possible or not optimal. You cannot use a second Lambda function to invoke the first Lambda function based on CloudWatch or CloudTrail events, as these services do not capture the load status of Redshift tables. You can use the Data API to publish a message to an SQS queue, but this would require additional configuration and polling logic to invoke the Lambda function from the queue. This would also introduce additional latency and cost. References:
Using the Amazon Redshift Data API
Using Amazon EventBridge with Amazon Redshift
AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide, Chapter 2: Data Store Management, Section 2.2: Amazon Redshift
問題 #170
A company needs to build a data lake in AWS. The company must provide row-level data access and column-level data access to specific teams. The teams will access the data by using Amazon Athena, Amazon Redshift Spectrum, and Apache Hive from Amazon EMR.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
答案：A
解題說明：
Option D is the best solution to meet the requirements with the least operational overhead because AWS Lake Formation is a fully managed service that simplifies the process of building, securing, and managing data lakes. AWS Lake Formation allows you to define granular data access policies at the row and column level for different users and groups. AWS Lake Formation also integrates with Amazon Athena, Amazon Redshift Spectrum, and Apache Hive on Amazon EMR, enabling these services to access the data in the data lake through AWS Lake Formation.
Option A is not a good solution because S3 access policies cannot restrict data access by rows and columns.
S3 access policies are based on the identity and permissions of the requester, the bucket and object ownership, and the object prefix and tags. S3 access policies cannot enforce fine-grained data access control at the row and column level.
Option B is not a good solution because it involves using Apache Ranger and Apache Pig, which are not fully managed services and require additional configuration and maintenance. Apache Ranger is a framework that provides centralized security administration for data stored in Hadoop clusters, such as Amazon EMR. Apache Ranger can enforce row-level and column-level access policies for Apache Hive tables. However, Apache Ranger is not a native AWS service and requires manual installation and configuration on Amazon EMR clusters. Apache Pig is a platform that allows you to analyze large data sets using a high-level scripting language called Pig Latin. Apache Pig can access data stored in Amazon S3 and process it using Apache Hive.
However,Apache Pig is not a native AWS service and requires manual installation and configuration on Amazon EMR clusters.
Option C is not a good solution because Amazon Redshift is not a suitable service for data lake storage.
Amazon Redshift is a fully managed data warehouse service that allows you to run complex analytical queries using standard SQL. Amazon Redshift can enforce row-level and column-level access policies for different users and groups. However, Amazon Redshift is not designed to store and process large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data, which are typical characteristics of data lakes. Amazon Redshift is also more expensive and less scalable than Amazon S3 for data lake storage.
References:
AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide
What Is AWS Lake Formation? - AWS Lake Formation
Using AWS Lake Formation with Amazon Athena - AWS Lake Formation
Using AWS Lake Formation with Amazon Redshift Spectrum - AWS Lake Formation Using AWS Lake Formation with Apache Hive on Amazon EMR - AWS Lake Formation Using Bucket Policies and User Policies - Amazon Simple Storage Service Apache Ranger Apache Pig What Is Amazon Redshift? - Amazon Redshift
問題 #171
A company is building a new application that ingests CSV files into Amazon Redshift. The company has developed the frontend for the application.
The files are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. Files are no larger than 5 MB.
A data engineer is developing the extract, transform, and load (ETL) pipeline for the CSV files. The data engineer configured a Redshift cluster and an AWS Lambda function that copies the data out of the files into the Redshift cluster.
Which additional steps should the data engineer perform to meet these requirements?
答案：B
解題說明：
Option A is the most direct and operationally efficient way to trigger the existing Lambda-based load into Amazon Redshift whenever a new CSV file is uploaded to Amazon S3. The key requirement is event-driven automation on "new object created" events, and the study material explicitly describes using Amazon EventBridge to react to S3 uploads by creating a rule on the default event bus and routing matching events to a target application.
Compared with queue-based designs (Options B and D), Option A reduces components: there is no need to manage an SQS queue, batching/visibility timeout behavior, or retry semantics at the consumer layer. This is especially appropriate because the files are small (# 5 MB) and the Lambda function is already implemented to perform the copy/load step. Using DMS (Option C) is not designed for "S3 object arrival # Lambda # Redshift" event triggering; it introduces unnecessary services and operational work for a simple file-ingestion trigger.
Therefore, integrating S3 event notifications with EventBridge and targeting the Lambda function best meets the requirement with the least added complexity.
問題 #172
A data engineer needs to create an Amazon Athena table based on a subset of data from an existing Athena table named cities_world. The cities_world table contains cities that are located around the world. The data engineer must create a new table named cities_us to contain only the cities from cities_world that are located in the US.
Which SQL statement should the data engineer use to meet this requirement?
答案：D
解題說明：
To create a new table named cities_usa in Amazon Athena based on a subset of data from the existing cities_world table, you should use an INSERT INTO statement combined with a SELECT statement to filter only the records where the country is 'usa'. The correct SQL syntax would be:
Option A: INSERT INTO cities_usa (city, state) SELECT city, state FROM cities_world WHERE country='usa'; This statement inserts only the cities and states where the country column has a value of 'usa' from the cities_world table into the cities_usa table. This is a correct approach to create a new table with data filtered from an existing table in Athena.
Options B, C, and D are incorrect due to syntax errors or incorrect SQL usage (e.g., the MOVE command or the use of UPDATE in a non-relevant context).
Reference:
Amazon Athena SQL Reference
Creating Tables in Athena
問題 #173
A data engineer must ingest a source of structured data that is in .csv format into an Amazon S3 data lake.
The .csv files contain 15 columns. Data analysts need to run Amazon Athena queries on one or two columns of the dataset. The data analysts rarely query the entire file.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
答案：D
解題說明：
Amazon Athena is a serverless interactive query service that allows you to analyze data in Amazon S3 using standard SQL. Athena supports various data formats, such as CSV, JSON, ORC, Avro, and Parquet.
However, not all data formats are equally efficient for querying. Some data formats, such as CSV and JSON, are row-oriented, meaning that they store data as a sequence of records, each with the same fields. Row- oriented formats are suitable for loading and exporting data, but they are not optimal for analytical queries that often access only a subset of columns. Row-oriented formats also do not support compression or encoding techniques that can reduce the data size and improve the query performance.
On the other hand, some data formats, such as ORC and Parquet, are column-oriented, meaning that they store data as a collection of columns, each with a specific data type. Column-oriented formats are ideal for analytical queries that often filter, aggregate, or join data by columns. Column-oriented formats also support compression and encoding techniques that can reduce the data size and improve the query performance. For example, Parquet supports dictionary encoding, which replaces repeated values with numeric codes, and run- length encoding, which replaces consecutive identical values with a single value and a count. Parquet also supports various compression algorithms, such as Snappy, GZIP, and ZSTD, that can further reduce the data size and improve the query performance.
Therefore, creating an AWS Glue extract, transform, and load (ETL) job to read from the .csv structured data source and writing the data into the data lake in Apache Parquet format will meet the requirements most cost- effectively. AWS Glue is a fully managed service that provides a serverless data integration platform for data preparation, data cataloging, and data loading. AWS Glue ETL jobs allow you to transform and load data from various sources into various targets, using either a graphical interface (AWS Glue Studio) or a code- based interface (AWS Glue console or AWS Glue API). By using AWS Glue ETL jobs, you can easily convert the data from CSV to Parquet format, without having to write or manage any code. Parquet is a column-oriented format that allows Athena to scan only the relevant columns and skip the rest, reducing the amount of data read from S3. This solution will also reduce the cost of Athena queries, as Athena charges based on the amount of data scanned from S3.
The other options are not as cost-effective as creating an AWS Glue ETL job to write the data into the data lake in Parquet format. Using an AWS Glue PySpark job to ingest the source data into the data lake in .csv format will not improve the query performance or reduce the query cost, as .csv is a row-oriented format that does not support columnar access or compression. Creating an AWS Glue ETL job to ingest the data into the data lake in JSON format will not improve the query performance or reduce the query cost, as JSON is also a row-oriented format that does not support columnar access or compression. Using an AWS Glue PySpark job to ingest the source data into the data lake in Apache Avro format will improve the query performance, as Avro is a column-oriented format that supports compression and encoding, but it will require more operational effort, as you will need to write and maintain PySpark code to convert the data from CSV to Avro format. References:
* Amazon Athena
* Choosing the Right Data Format
* AWS Glue
* [AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide], Chapter 5: Data Analysis and Visualization, Section 5.1: Amazon Athena
問題 #174
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Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate認證考試在競爭激烈的IT行業中越來越受歡迎，報名參加考試的人越來越多。但是它的難度並沒有減小，依然很難通過考試，畢竟這是個權威的檢驗電腦專業知識和資訊技術能力的考試。一般人為了通過Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate 認證考試都需要花費大量的時間和精力來復習備考。
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BONUS!!! 免費下載Fast2test Data-Engineer-Associate考試題庫的完整版：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1k9hd0Iw3RbrM90gt42QpEem5fzCia1dE