CWNP CWNA-109 - First-grade CWNP Wireless Network Administrator (CWNA) Latest Study Guide

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CWNP CWNA-109 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • WLAN Network Architecture and Design Concepts: This topic deals with describing and implementing Power over Ethernet (PoE). Furthermore, the topic covers different wireless LAN architectures, coverage requirements, roaming considerations, and common proprietary features in wireless networks.
Topic 2
  • WLAN Network Security: It addresses the concepts of weak security options, security mechanisms for enterprise WLANs, and security options and tools used in wireless networks.
Topic 3
  • Radio Frequency (RF) Technologies: This topic explains the basic features and behavior of RF. It also discusses applying the basic concepts of RF mathematics and measurement. Lastly, the topic covers RF signal characteristics and the functionality of RF antennas.
Topic 4
  • WLAN Protocols and Devices: It focuses on terminology related to the 802.11 MAC and PHY, the purpose of the three main 802.11 frame types, MAC frame format, and 802.11 channel access methods.
Topic 5
  • WLAN Regulations and Standards: The topic discusses the roles of WLAN and networking industry organizations. It also addresses the concepts of various Physical Layer (PHY) solutions, spread spectrum technologies, and 802.11 WLAN functional concepts.

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CWNP Wireless Network Administrator (CWNA) Sample Questions (Q61-Q66):

NEW QUESTION # 61
You are deploying a WLAN monitoring solution that utilizes distributed sensor devices. Where should sensors be deployed for best results? Choose the single best answer.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Sensors should be deployed in critical areas where WLAN performance must be high for best results when using a WLAN monitoring solution that utilizes distributed sensor devices. A WLAN monitoring solution is a system that collects, analyzes, and reports on the status and performance of a WLAN. A WLAN monitoring solution can use different methods to gather data from the WLAN, such as embedded software agents, external hardware probes, or distributed sensor devices. Distributed sensor devices are dedicated devices that are deployed throughout the WLAN coverage area to monitor the wireless traffic and environment. Distributed sensor devices can perform various functions, such as scanning the spectrum, capturing wireless frames, measuring signal quality, detecting rogue access points, testing connectivity, and generating alerts. Distributed sensor devices can provide more accurate and comprehensive data than other methods, but they also require more planning and deployment costs. Therefore, it is important to deploy sensors strategically in critical areas where WLAN performance must be high, such as high-density zones, high-priority applications, or high-security locations. By deploying sensors in critical areas, the WLAN monitoring solution can ensure optimal WLAN performance and reliability in those areas and identify and resolve any issues or problems that may arise. The other options are not the best places to deploy sensors for best results. Deploying sensors in switching closets is not effective because sensors need to be close to the wireless medium to monitor it properly. Deploying sensors every 5 meters and alongside each AP is not efficient because sensors may overlap or interfere with each other and cause unnecessary redundancy or complexity. Deploying sensors above the plenum oneach floor is not practical because sensors may not capture the wireless traffic and environment accurately due to attenuation or reflection from the ceiling materials or objects. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 14: Troubleshooting Wireless LANs, page 4831


NEW QUESTION # 62
What is the key difference between a passive and an active manual site survey?

Answer: C

Explanation:
In a passive site survey, the survey software listens for beacon frames from nearby APs to measure signal strength and coverage without actually associating with any of them. In an active site survey, the surveyor's device associates with each AP in turn and can measure actual throughput, retransmissions, and other performance metrics under real association conditions.
Active surveys provide more accurate real-world performance data but take longer to conduct than passive surveys.


NEW QUESTION # 63
What feature of 802.1 lax (HE) is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS?

Answer: B

Explanation:
TWT is the feature of 802.11ax (HE) that is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS. TWT stands for target wake time, which is a mechanism that allows an access point and a client device to negotiate and schedule specific times for data transmission and reception. This enables the client device to enter a low-power sleep mode when it is not expected to communicate with the access point, which saves battery life and reduces power consumption. TWT also reduces contention and interference on the channel used within a BSS, as it coordinates the transmissions of multiple client devices and avoids collisions. TWT is managed with beacon and trigger frames, which are two types of management frames that are used to announce and initiate data exchanges. A beacon frame is a frame that is periodically sent by an access point to advertise its presence, capabilities, and parameters to client devices. A trigger frame is a frame that is sent by an access point or a client device to request or initiate a data transmission with another device. BSS color, UL-MU-MIMO, and OFDMA are other features of 802.11ax (HE) that are not primarily power management methods, but rather performance enhancement methods. BSS color is a feature that assigns a color code to each BSS to differentiate it from other BSSs that use the same channel. This reduces interference and improves spatial reuse of the channel. UL-MU-MIMO is a feature that allows an access point to receive multiple simultaneous transmissions from different client devices using multiple spatial streams. This increases capacity and throughput of the uplink direction. OFDMA is a feature that divides a channel into smaller subchannels called resource units (RUs) that can be allocated to different devices for concurrent transmissions. This increases efficiency and flexibility of the channel utilization. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 10:
Wireless LAN Operation, page 323


NEW QUESTION # 64
You are troubleshooting a client issue on a Windows laptop. The laptop can see and connect to 2.4 GHz APs, but is does not even see 5 GHz APs. While evaluating the issue, you determine that this problem is happening for all of the laptops of this model in the organization. Several other tablets connect on channel 48 and channel 52 in the same work areas. What is the likely problem?

Answer: C

Explanation:
The client drivers are faulty and should be upgraded is the likely problem for the laptop that can see and connect to 2.4 GHz APs, but does not even see 5 GHz APs. The client drivers are the software components that enable the wireless adapter of the laptop to communicate with the operating system and the network. The client drivers are responsible for scanning the available wireless channels, detecting and connecting to the access points, negotiating the security and data rate parameters, and transmitting and receiving data frames. If the client drivers are faulty, outdated, or incompatible, they may cause various issues with the wireless performance and functionality, such as low data rates, poor signal strength, frequent disconnections, or inability to see or connect to certain access points or channels.
One of the possible causes of faulty client drivers is that they do not support or recognize some of the features or standards of the 802.11ac technology, such as wider channel bandwidths, higher modulation schemes, or DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) channels. This could explain why the laptop can see and connect to 2.4 GHz APs, but not 5 GHz APs, as 802.11ac operates only in the 5 GHz band and uses channels that are wider (up to 160 MHz) and higher (up to channel 165) than those used by previous standards. Moreover, some of the 5 GHz channels are subject to DFS rules, which require the access points and client stations to monitor and avoid using channels that are occupied by radar systems or other primary users. If the client drivers do not support or comply with DFS rules, they may not be able to see or connect to access points that use DFS channels.
To solve this problem, the client drivers should be upgraded to the latest version that supports and is compatible with 802.11ac features and standards. This can be done by downloading and installing the updated driver software from the manufacturer's website or using a device manager tool. Upgrading the client drivers may also improve other aspects of wireless performance and functionality, such as data rates, signal strength, security, and stability. References: 1, Chapter 12, page 493; 2, Section 8.1


NEW QUESTION # 65
You are troubleshooting a problem with a new 802.11ax AP. While the AP supports four spatial streams, most clients are only achieving maximum data rates of 150 Mbps. What is the likely cause?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The scenario described suggests that while the Access Point (AP) is capable of 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) with four spatial streams, the clients are only achieving data rates typical of 802.11n (Wi-Fi 4) devices, which indicates that the clients are likely 802.11n devices. Here's why this is the most plausible explanation:
* 802.11n Limitations: Devices that adhere to the 802.11n standard have lower maximum data rates compared to 802.11ax devices due to differences in technology such as modulation, spatial streams, and channel bandwidth. An 802.11n device with a single spatial stream operating on a 20 MHz channel can achieve a maximum data rate of 72.2 Mbps. Even with two spatial streams under ideal conditions, this would only double to approximately 144.4 Mbps, which is close to the 150 Mbps mentioned.
* Spatial Stream Capability: The fact that the AP supports four spatial streams suggests it can achieve much higher data rates with 802.11ax clients that also support multiple spatial streams. However, if the clients are 802.11n devices, they may not be capable of using more than two spatial streams, and many earlier 802.11n devices were limited to just one.
The other options are less likely to be the primary cause based on the information provided:
* B. Two Stream 802.11ax Clients: If the clients were 802.11ax with only two spatial streams, they would likely achieve higher data rates than 150 Mbps due to the efficiency improvements in 802.11ax.
* C. Contention and D. Non-Wi-Fi Interference: While these could affect performance, they would not inherently limit clients to 150 Mbps,especially in the context of an 802.11ax environment where mechanisms to handle interference and contention are more advanced.
References:
* IEEE 802.11n-2009: Enhancements for Higher Throughput.
* CWNA Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam PW0-105, by David D.
Coleman and David A. Westcott.


NEW QUESTION # 66
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