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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: MPLS and VPN Technologies | - MPLS Fundamentals
|
| Topic 2: Network Design and Troubleshooting | - Fault Diagnosis
|
| Topic 3: Advanced Routing Protocols | - OSPF Advanced Features
|
| Topic 4: Network Services and Optimization | - Multicast Technologies
|
| Topic 5: IP Network Technologies | - IPv6 Deployment
|
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NEW QUESTION # 120
An engineer uses two routers to test IPv6 services, and runs 0SPFv3 to implement IPv6 network interconnection. R1 is required to be able to access the loopback interface address of R2. The engineer checked the OSPFv3 routing table entry of R1, as shown in the figure, and found that there was no route to the loopback interface address of R2. Which of the following reasons could not be the cause?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 121 
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked. OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1, and the maximum load-balancing 8 command is configured in the OSPF process. Which of the following is the cost value of the route 10.0.35.0/24 in the routing table of R1?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine the cost value of the route 10.0.35.0/24 in the routing table of R1, let's analyze the possible shortest paths from R1 to R3 (which owns the 10.0.35.0/24 network) based on the given OSPF link costs:
* Path 1: R1 # R2 # R3
* R1 to R2: Cost = 20
* R2 to R3: Cost = 10
* Total Cost = 20 + 10 = 30
* Path 2: R1 # R4 # R3
* R1 to R4: Cost = 10
* R4 to R3: Cost = 10
* Total Cost = 10 + 10 = 20 # (Lowest cost path)
* Path 3: R1 # R5 # R3
* R1 to R5: Cost = 10
* R5 to R3: Cost = 10
* Total Cost = 10 + 10 = 20 # (Equal-cost path)
Final Calculation:
* The two best equal-cost paths (R1 # R4 # R3 and R1 # R5 # R3) have a cost of 20.
* Since OSPF supports equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing and maximum load-balancing 8 is enabled, OSPF will install both routes into the routing table with the same cost of 20.
* The path R1 # R2 # R3 has a higher cost (30) and will not be chosen.
Final answer: # 20 (Option C)
References:
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 - OSPF Route Calculation & Load Balancing
* OSPF Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) and Route Selection
* OSPF Fast Reroute (FRR) Mechanism
NEW QUESTION # 122
On the network shown in the figure, single-hop BFD is configured on R1 and R2. A network engineer finds that the BFD session goes down. To locate the fault, the network engineer queries the BFD configurations on R1 and R2. According to the configuration information marked in the figure, it can be determined that the mismatched time parameter settings on R1 and R2 causes the BFD session to go down.
Answer: A
Explanation:
# Configuration Snapshot:
On R1:
bash
CopyEdit
bfd toR2 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.2
discriminator local 1
discriminator remote 2
min-tx-interval 1500
min-rx-interval 1500
On R2:
bash
CopyEdit
bfd toR1 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.1
discriminator local 2
discriminator remote 1
# Observation:
* On R1 , both min-tx-interval and min-rx-interval are configured: 1500ms
* On R2 , no timing parameters are explicitly set (defaults are used)
# BFD Timing Behavior (Huawei):
* BFD is bidirectional and can work even if only one side configures the timers .
* As long as the peer can handle the intervals (i.e. doesn't violate capabilities), the session should still come up .
* This is not a mismatch fault . It ' s valid to set time parameters only on one side.
# Therefore, the time parameter mismatch is NOT the reason the session goes down.
# Final answer: B. FALSE
Root Cause (Likely):
* The real cause might be something else (e.g., interface down, ACL blocking BFD packets, wrong IP, or unidirectional loss).
* But not mismatched timers - they are allowed.
Official Huawei Extract:
" If only one end of the BFD session specifies the detection intervals, the BFD session can still be established. Huawei devices accept remote minimum intervals and negotiate accordingly. "
- [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Certification Guide - BFD Session Configuration and Troubleshooting]
NEW QUESTION # 123
On the IS-IS IPv6 network shown in the figure, multi-topology is enabled on all routers. The IPv6 address of Loopback0 on R4 is 2000::/128. The IPv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command is configured in the IS-IS processes of R2 and R1. Which of the following statements is false?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine which statement is false, we need to analyze the IS-IS topology, the role of multi-topology, the IPv6 summary configuration, and the level-1-2 behavior of IS-IS routers. Let's break it down step by step:
* Understanding the IS-IS Topology and Levels:
* IS-IS supports multiple levels: Level-1 (L1) for intra-area routing, Level-2 (L2) for inter-area routing, and Level-1-2 (L1-2) routers that can operate in both levels and connect L1 and L2 areas.
* In the figure, R1 and R2 are configured as Level-1-2 routers, R3 is a Level-1-2 router, R4 is a Level-1 router, and R5 is a Level-1 router. The area borders are indicated by the system IDs (49.0001 for R4's area and 49.0002 for R3 and R5's area).
* R4's Loopback0 has the IPv6 address 2000::/128, which is a host route (a /128 prefix, representing a single address).
* Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6:
* Multi-topology IS-IS allows separate topologies for IPv4 and IPv6, ensuring that IPv6 routes are handled independently. Since multi-topology is enabled on all routers, IPv6 routes (like 2000::
/128 on R4) are advertised and processed within the IPv6 topology.
* This means that IPv6 routes, including the Loopback0 address of R4 (2000::/128), can be advertised across the IS-IS domain, subject to the level and summary configurations.
* IPv6 Summary Configuration (2000::/64 level-1-2):
* The command ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 is configured in the IS-IS processes of R1 and R2. This command instructs R1 and R2 (as Level-1-2 routers) to summarize the IPv6 prefix
2000::/64 and advertise it to both Level-1 and Level-2 areas.
* Summarization means that instead of advertising the more specific route (e.g., 2000::/128 from R4), R1 and R2 advertise the less specific summary route 2000::/64. This summary route covers the 2000::/128 address of R4's Loopback0.
* Since R1 and R2 are Level-1-2 routers, they can advertise this summary to both their Level-1 neighbors (like R4 and R3) and Level-2 neighbors (across areas).
* Analyzing Each Statement:
* A. The routing table of R1 contains the route 2000::/64.
* True. R1 is a Level-1-2 router with the ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command configured. It advertises and installs the summary route 2000::/64 in its routing table, covering the more specific 2000::/128 from R4. Additionally, as a Level-1-2 router, R1 can learn and retain this route from its IS-IS neighbors.
* B. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/64.
* True. Similar to R1, R2 is also a Level-1-2 router with the same summary command. It advertises and installs the 2000::/64 summary route in its routing table, covering R4's
2000::/128.
* C. The routing table of R3 contains the route 2000::/128.
* False. R3 is a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0002, but it receives routes from R2 (a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0001). Because R1 and R2 are configured with the ipv6 summary 2000::
/64 level-1-2 command, they advertise the summary route 2000::/64 to their neighbors, including R3. IS-IS prefers the most specific route, but the summary configuration ensures that the more specific 2000::/128 from R4 is not advertised beyond R1 and R2 unless explicitly allowed. Since R3 is in a different area and receives the summary 2000::/64 from R2, it does not have the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table. Therefore, this statement is false.
* D. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/128.
* True. R2, as a Level-1-2 router, is directly connected to R4 (a Level-1 router) via the IS-IS topology. R4 advertises its Loopback0 address 2000::/128 to R2. Even though R2 is configured to summarize 2000::/64, it can still retain the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table because IS-IS allows routers to keep both summary and more specific routes, with the more specific route taking precedence for routing decisions.
* Conclusion:
* The false statement is C, as R3 does not contain the route 2000::/128 in its routing table. Instead, R3 receives the summary route 2000::/64 from R2 due to the summary configuration on R1 and R2.
References to HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Documents:
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Section on IS-IS: Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6, Level-1 and Level-2 Operations, and Route Summarization.
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Chapter on IPv6 Routing Protocols:
IS-IS Configuration and Behavior, Including Summary Address Commands and L1/L2 Interactions.
NEW QUESTION # 124
A network engineer accidentally deleted the IP address of an interface through the command line.
If he wants to view the deleted IP address, which of the following information should he query?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 125
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