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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Competency 5: Capacity Planning and Facility Layout | - Capacity planning strategies - Location analysis and decisions - Facility layout types (process, product, cellular, fixed-position) |
| Competency 3: Process Improvement and Problem Solving | - Six Sigma methodology - Statistical Process Control (SPC) - Lean operations and waste elimination - Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle - Cause-and-effect diagrams (fishbone diagrams) |
| Competency 4: Supply Chain Management | - Inventory management - Logistics and distribution - Supply chain design and strategy - Sourcing and procurement |
| Competency 6: Production Planning and Scheduling | - Just-in-Time (JIT) and Kanban systems - Theory of Constraints (TOC) - Aggregate planning - Material Requirements Planning (MRP) - Master Production Schedule (MPS) |
| Competency 7: Forecasting | - Qualitative forecasting methods - Forecast accuracy measures - Quantitative forecasting methods (moving averages, exponential smoothing) |
| Competency 1: Operations Management Fundamentals | - Operations strategy and competitive priorities - History and evolution of operations management - Product and service design |
| Competency 2: Quality Management | - Total Quality Management (TQM) - Quality management philosophies (Deming, Juran, Crosby) - Cost of quality (prevention, appraisal, internal/external failure) - Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award criteria |
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NEW QUESTION # 54
The annual cost of goods sold for a company is $8,400,000 and the average inventory is $1,200,000.
What is the number of weeks of supply?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Weeks of supplymeasures how long inventory will last based on average usage. It is calculated using the formula:
Weeks of Supply = (Average Inventory / Annual Cost of Goods Sold) × 52
Substituting the given values:
Weeks of Supply = (1,200,000 / 8,400,000) × 52
Weeks of Supply = 0.142857 × 52
Weeks of Supply #7.43 weeks
When rounded to the nearest whole number, the answer is7 weeks.
In Operations and Supply Chain Management, weeks of supply is a key inventory performance metric because it:
* Indicates inventory efficiency
* Helps balance service levels and holding costs
* Supports cash flow management
* Enables comparison across products or firms
Too many weeks of supply signal excess inventory and high holding costs, while too few weeks increase the risk of stockouts and service failures.
Managers use this metric alongside inventory turnover to evaluate how effectively inventory supports demand while minimizing waste.
NEW QUESTION # 55
A company decides and makes plans to enter into a new market.
Which project life cycle phase does this strategy directly relate to?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Entering a new market directly relates to theconception phaseof the project life cycle.
At this stage, management identifies:
* Strategic opportunities
* Market gaps
* Growth options
* Alignment with organizational goals
Deciding to enter a new market represents theinitial recognition of opportunity, which triggers project consideration.
Feasibility analysis occurs afterward to evaluate financial, technical, and operational viability. Planning and execution only begin once the project is approved.
Operations Management relies on clear conception decisions to ensure resources are committed only to strategically aligned initiatives.
NEW QUESTION # 56
Which work system acknowledges the benefits of employee proficiency?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (#250 words):
Labor specializationacknowledges the benefits of employee proficiency by allowing workers to focus on specific tasks, increasing skill, speed, and consistency.
In Operations Management, labor specialization:
* Reduces learning time
* Increases productivity
* Improves quality consistency
* Lowers unit costs
Employees become highly proficient through repetition and experience. This principle underpins early scientific management and remains relevant in many high-volume environments.
The other options are outcomes or enablers, not work systems:
* Employee longevity is a result, not a system
* Enhanced relations support performance but do not define task design
* Lower operating cost is a consequence of specialization
While specialization can create efficiency, it must be balanced with job design strategies (e.g., enrichment or rotation) to avoid fatigue and disengagement.
NEW QUESTION # 57
Which design work system minimizes repetitiveness in tasks by assigning employees the role of planning and scheduling?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Job enrichmentminimizes task repetitiveness byexpanding employee responsibilitiesto include planning, scheduling, decision-making, and problem-solving.
In Operations Management, job enrichment increases thedepth of a job, not just the variety of tasks.
Employees gain greater autonomy and control over their work, reducing monotony and increasing motivation.
Key characteristics of job enrichment include:
* Vertical job loading
* Increased responsibility
* Feedback on performance
* Greater task significance
The other options differ:
* Job rotationincreases task variety but does not add responsibility
* Job entitlementandjob ratingare not work design systems
Job enrichment is especially valuable in repetitive environments such as assembly lines, where adding planning and quality responsibilities improves both morale and performance.
NEW QUESTION # 58
When is capacity measurement at the best operating level?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (#250 words):
Thebest operating levelof capacity occurswhen the average unit cost is minimized.
In Operations Management, the best operating level reflects the most economical output rate for a process or facility. At this level:
* Fixed costs are spread efficiently
* Variable costs are controlled
* Congestion and inefficiencies are minimized
Operating below this level leads tounderutilizationand high unit costs, while operating above it often causes overcrowding, overtime, equipment breakdowns, and quality problems, which increase costs.
OptionAis incorrect because the minimum point of the total cost curve does not necessarily correspond to minimum average unit cost.
OptionBis incorrect because maximum capacity typically increases costs due to inefficiencies.
OptionDfocuses on total cost, not unit efficiency.
Thus, the best operating level balances efficiency and flexibility, ensuring sustainable performance and cost control.
NEW QUESTION # 59
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