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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
Topic 1: Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview	6%	- Ethical Hacking Overview 1. What is Ethical Hacking? 2. Skills and Mindset of an Ethical Hacker 3. Need for Ethical Hackers 4. Governance and Compliance 5. Security Testing Methodologies - Information Security Overview 1. Understanding Information Security Controls 2. Proactive Cyber Defense 3. Understanding Information Security Laws and Standards 4. Understanding Information Security 5. Information Security Threats and Attack Vectors
Topic 2: Vulnerability Analysis	7%	- Vulnerability Assessment Concepts 1. Vulnerability Assessment Solutions 2. Vulnerability Scoring Systems 3. Vulnerability Assessment Tools and Software
Topic 3: Reconnaissance Techniques	21%	- Scanning Networks 1. Detecting Live Systems 2. Scan for Vulnerabilities 3. Scanning Tools 4. Drawing Network Diagrams 5. NIDS, NIPS, and Firewall Evasion Techniques 6. Port Scanning Techniques 7. Masscan 8. Proxy Servers and Anonymizers 9. Scanning Countermeasures 10. Nmap and Zenmap 11. Banner Grabbing 12. Network Scanning Concepts 13. Hping2 and Hping3 - Footprinting and Reconnaissance 1. Footprinting Countermeasures 2. Email Footprinting 3. Footprinting through Search Engines 4. AWS Cloud Footprinting 5. Footprinting through Social Networking Sites 6. Footprinting through Web Services 7. DNS Footprinting 8. Network Footprinting 9. Footprinting Tools 10. Website Footprinting 11. Competitive Intelligence Gathering
Topic 4: Cloud and Container Attacks	10%	- Cloud Attacks and Security 1. Container Security Tools and Countermeasures 2. Cloud Penetration Testing 3. Cloud Security Tools and Best Practices 4. Cloud Security Threats and Attacks - Cloud Computing Concepts 1. Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) 2. Serverless Architecture 3. Cloud Architecture and Deployment Models 4. Container Technology
Topic 5: Sniffing and Evasion	10%	- Network Sniffing 1. Sniffing Detection and Countermeasures 2. ARP Spoofing 3. Sniffing Concepts 4. STP Attacks and DNS Poisoning 5. Sniffing Tools 6. VLAN Hopping and DHCP Starvation 7. MAC Flooding and Switch Port Stealing - Network Evasion 1. Denial of Service Attacks 2. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems 3. IDS/Firewall Evasion Tools 4. Evasion Techniques - Social Engineering 1. Social Engineering Techniques 2. Social Engineering Tools and Countermeasures 3. Social Engineering Concepts 4. Insider Threats and Identity Theft
Topic 6: Enumeration	15%	- Enumeration Concepts 1. Enumeration Techniques 2. Enumeration Fundamentals - Enumeration Process 1. SNMP Enumeration 2. RPC and NFS Enumeration 3. SMB and SAMBA Enumeration 4. Enumeration Countermeasures 5. LDAP Enumeration 6. VoIP Enumeration 7. NTP Enumeration 8. Mail Server Enumeration 9. NetBIOS Enumeration
Topic 7: Web Application Attacks	19%	- Web Application Concepts and Attacks 1. Web Application Countermeasures 2. Injection Attacks 3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Request Forgery 4. Web Application Architecture 5. Web Application Scanning and Testing Tools 6. Web Application Password Cracking and Clickjacking 7. OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities 8. Authentication and Session Management Attacks - Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications 1. Web Server Attack Methodology 2. Web Server and Web Application Countermeasures 3. Web Server Attacks
Topic 8: System Hacking	17%	- System Hacking Methodologies 1. Cracking Passwords 2. Executing Applications 3. Covering Tracks 4. Escalating Privileges 5. Gaining Access 6. Hiding Files - System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures 1. Rootkits 2. Password Recovery Tools 3. Ports and Log Files 4. Covering Tracks Countermeasures 5. Keyloggers and Spyware 6. Steganography
Topic 9: Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks	7%	- Mobile Platform Attack Vectors 1. Mobile Security Tools and Countermeasures 2. Mobile Attack Surfaces and Vulnerabilities 3. Mobile Attack Techniques 4. Mobile Platform Overview 5. Mobile Device Management (MDM) 6. Mobile Malware and Mobile Spyware - IoT and OT Attacks 1. IoT Vulnerabilities and Threats 2. IoT Hacking Methodology 3. IoT Attack Tools and Countermeasures 4. IoT Concepts and Architecture 5. OT Concepts and Attacks
Topic 10: Malware Threats	8%	- Malware and Its Types 1. Types of Malware 2. Malware Fundamentals 3. APT Concepts 4. APT and Futuristic Malware - Malware Analysis and Distribution 1. Malware Countermeasures 2. Malware Detection Methods 3. Malware Analysis Techniques
Topic 11: Wireless Network Attacks	9%	- Wireless Hacking Methodology 1. Wireless Network Countermeasures 2. Wireless Sniffing and Wardriving 3. Cracking WPA/WPA2 and WEP Encryption 4. Wireless Network Hacking Tools 5. Bluetooth and RFID Attacks - Wireless Network Concepts 1. Wireless Terminology and Standards 2. Wireless Encryption and Security 3. Wireless Network Topology and Threats
Topic 12: Cryptography and Post-Exploitation	13%	- Post-Exploitation Techniques 1. Covering Tracks and Maintaining Access 2. Lateral Movement and Tunneling 3. Reporting and Documentation 4. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) 5. Post-Exploitation Concepts - Cryptography Concepts 1. Cryptography Tools 2. Disk Encryption and Cryptanalysis 3. Encryption Algorithms (Symmetric and Asymmetric) 4. Cryptography Countermeasures 5. Hashing and Digital Signatures 6. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) 7. Encryption Fundamentals 8. Code Signing and Email Encryption

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEH v13 AI) Sample Questions (Q827-Q832):

NEW QUESTION # 827
Which type of sniffing technique is generally referred as MiTM attack?

A. Password Sniffing
B. MAC Flooding
C. DHCP Sniffing
D. ARP Poisoning

Answer: D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
ARP Poisoning (Address Resolution Protocol Poisoning) is a classic Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM) attack in a LAN environment. It works by sending fake ARP replies to devices on a network to associate the attacker's MAC address with the IP address of another host (typically the default gateway). As a result:
Network traffic meant for the gateway is sent to the attacker instead.
The attacker can then intercept, modify, or forward the traffic to the actual destination, performing a full MiTM.
This allows the attacker to:
Sniff sensitive data (e.g., credentials, emails)
Hijack sessions
Inject malicious payloads
From CEH v13 Courseware:
Module 8: Sniffing
Topic: MiTM Attacks # ARP Spoofing Techniques
Incorrect Options:
A). Password Sniffing is a result of MiTM but not a technique itself.
C). MAC Flooding is a switch attack that floods the CAM table to make the switch act like a hub.
D). DHCP Sniffing relates to capturing DHCP messages but is not commonly used for MiTM.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 8: ARP Poisoning and MiTM AttacksOWASP Network Threats - ARP Spoofing ChatGPT said:

NEW QUESTION # 828
What piece of hardware on a computer's motherboard generates encryption keys and only releases a part of the key so that decrypting a disk on a new piece of hardware is not possible?

A. GPU
B. TPM
C. CPU
D. UEFI

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 829
You are using a public Wi-Fi network inside a coffee shop. Before surfing the web, you use your VPN to prevent intruders from sniffing your traffic. If you did not have a VPN, how would you identify whether someone is performing an ARP spoofing attack on your laptop?

A. You should check your ARP table and see if there is one IP address with two different MAC addresses.
B. You should scan the network using Nmap to check the MAC addresses of all the hosts and look for duplicates.
C. You cannot identify such an attack and must use a VPN to protect your traffic.
D. You should use netstat to check for any suspicious connections with another IP address within the LAN.

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 830
Andrew is an Ethical Hacker who was assigned the task of discovering all the active devices hidden by a restrictive firewall in the IPv4 range in a given target network.
Which of the following host discovery techniques must he use to perform the given task?

A. UDP scan
B. arp ping scan
C. TCP Maimon scan
D. ACK flag probe scan

Answer: B

Explanation:
One of the most common Nmap usage scenarios is scanning an Ethernet LAN. Most LANs, especially those that use the private address range granted by RFC 1918, do not always use the overwhelming majority of IP addresses. When Nmap attempts to send a raw IP packet, such as an ICMP echo request, the OS must determine a destination hardware (ARP) address, such as the target IP, so that the Ethernet frame can be properly addressed. .. This is required to issue a series of ARP requests. This is best illustrated by an example where a ping scan is attempted against an Area Ethernet host. The -send-ip option tells Nmap to send IP-level packets (rather than raw Ethernet), even on area networks. The Wireshark output of the three ARP requests and their timing have been pasted into the session.
Raw IP ping scan example for offline targets
This example took quite a couple of seconds to finish because the (Linux) OS sent three ARP requests at 1 second intervals before abandoning the host. Waiting for a few seconds is excessive, as long as the ARP response usually arrives within a few milliseconds. Reducing this timeout period is not a priority for OS vendors, as the overwhelming majority of packets are sent to the host that actually exists. Nmap, on the other hand, needs to send packets to 16 million IP s given a target like 10.0.0.0/8. Many targets are pinged in parallel, but waiting 2 seconds each is very delayed.
There is another problem with raw IP ping scans on the LAN. If the destination host turns out to be unresponsive, as in the previous example, the source host usually adds an incomplete entry for that destination IP to the kernel ARP table. ARP tablespaces are finite and some operating systems become unresponsive when full. If Nmap is used in rawIP mode (-send-ip), Nmap may have to wait a few minutes for the ARP cache entry to expire before continuing host discovery.
ARP scans solve both problems by giving Nmap the highest priority. Nmap issues raw ARP requests and handles retransmissions and timeout periods in its sole discretion. The system ARP cache is bypassed. The example shows the difference. This ARP scan takes just over a tenth of the time it takes for an equivalent IP.
Example b ARP ping scan of offline target
In example b, neither the -PR option nor the -send-eth option has any effect. This is often because ARP has a default scan type on the Area Ethernet network when scanning Ethernet hosts that Nmap discovers. This includes traditional wired Ethernet as 802.11 wireless networks. As mentioned above, ARP scanning is not only more efficient, but also more accurate. Hosts frequently block IP-based ping packets, but usually cannot block ARP requests or responses and communicate over the network.Nmap uses ARP instead of all targets on equivalent targets, even if different ping types (such as -PE and -PS) are specified. LAN.. If you do not need to attempt an ARP scan at all, specify -send-ip as shown in Example a "Raw IP Ping Scan for Offline Targets".
If you give Nmap control to send raw Ethernet frames, Nmap can also adjust the source MAC address. If you have the only PowerBook in your security conference room and a large ARP scan is initiated from an Apple- registered MAC address, your head may turn to you. Use the -spoof-mac option to spoof the MAC address as described in the MAC Address Spoofing section.

NEW QUESTION # 831
During a penetration test at a healthcare facility in Baltimore, Maryland, an ethical hacker demonstrates how attackers are mapping active hosts and open ports using ICMP-based techniques. To reduce the organization's exposure, the security team decides to implement a countermeasure that specifically disrupts ICMP discovery traffic by preventing error messages from being returned. Which action should they take?

A. Configure firewall and IDS rules to detect and block probes
B. Block unwanted services running on the ports and update the service versions
C. Use a custom rule set to lock down the network, block unwanted ports at the firewall, and filter specific ports
D. Block inbound ICMP message types and all outbound ICMP type-3 unreachable messages

Answer: D

Explanation:
Preventing reconnaissance using ICMP involves blocking inbound ICMP messages and controlling outbound ICMP Type 3 (destination unreachable) messages, which stops attackers from mapping hosts and ports via ICMP probes.

NEW QUESTION # 832
......

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