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| Certification Vendor: | CertiProf |
|---|---|
| Exam Name: | Ethical Hacking Professional Certification Exam |
| Exam Number: | CEHPC |
| Exam Price: | USD $250.00 |
| Available Languages: | English, Spanish |
| Related Certifications: | Cybersecurity Foundation Professional Certification |
| Passing Score: | 80% (32/40) |
| Exam Duration: | 60 minutes |
| Exam Format: | Multiple Choice |
| Real Exam Qty: | 40 |
| Certificate Validity Period: | 3 years |
| Recommended Training: | CertiProf Official Training Resources |
| Exam Registration: | CertiProf Official Registration |
| Sample Questions: | CertiProf CEHPC Sample Questions |
| Exam Way: | Online proctored exam |
| Pre Condition: | No mandatory prerequisites; recommended for IT professionals, cybersecurity analysts, system administrators and security consultants |
| Official Syllabus URL: | https://certiprof.com/products/ethical-hacking-professional-certification-cehpc |
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NEW QUESTION # 84
What is a firewall?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A firewall is a fundamental information security control designed to monitor, filter, and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules. This makes option A the correct answer.
Firewalls act as a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. They can be implemented as hardware devices, software applications, or cloud-based services.
Ethical hackers must understand firewall behavior because it directly affects reconnaissance, exploitation techniques, and attack surface visibility.
Option B is incorrect because antivirus software focuses on malware detection, not traffic filtering. Option C is incorrect because a firewall is a defensive security mechanism, not an attack method.
From an ethical hacking perspective, firewalls are evaluated during security assessments to identify misconfigurations, overly permissive rules, or exposed services. Poorly configured firewalls may allow unauthorized access, while overly restrictive ones may disrupt legitimate business operations.
Firewalls play a critical role in enforcing network segmentation, access control, and defense-in-depth strategies. When combined with intrusion detection systems, endpoint security, and proper monitoring, they significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access.
Understanding firewall concepts enables ethical hackers and defenders to design stronger network architectures and respond effectively to modern cyber threats.
NEW QUESTION # 85
Which of the following is a network security protocol designed to authenticate and authorize remote users to securely access network resources?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Secure Shell (SSH) is a robust cryptographic network protocol utilized for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Its primary application is the secure remote login to computer systems by administrators and users. Unlike earlier protocols such as Telnet or rlogin, which transmitted data (including passwords) in plain text, SSH provides a secure, encrypted channel. It achieves this through a suite of cryptographic techniques that ensure theconfidentiality,integrity, andauthenticityof the data being transmitted between the client and the server.
The protocol operates using a client-server architecture, where an SSH client initiates a connection to an SSH server. SSH facilitates both authentication and authorization. Authentication is typically performed using either a password or, more securely, a public-private key pair. Once the user's identity is verified, the protocol authorizes the level of access based on the server's configuration. Beyond simple terminal access, SSH supports secure file transfers (SFTP) and port forwarding, allowing other network protocols to be "tunneled" through its encrypted connection. From a security standpoint, while SSH is highly secure, it can be breached if misconfigured-such as by allowing weak passwords or failing to disable root login. Consequently, ethical hackers prioritize hardening SSH services as a fundamental control in protecting organizational assets.
NEW QUESTION # 86
What is privilege escalation?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Privilege escalation is a critical phase in the cyber-attack lifecycle where an adversary seeks to expand their influence within a target environment after gaining an initial foothold. In standard security architectures, users are granted the "least privilege" necessary to perform their duties; however, attackers aim to bypass these restrictions to access sensitive data or execute restricted commands. This process is categorized into two distinct dimensions: horizontal and vertical escalation.
Horizontal privilege escalation(also known as lateral movement) occurs when an attacker gains access to resources belonging to another user with a similar level of permissions. This is often achieved through credential theft, session hijacking, or exploiting vulnerabilities in peer-level applications. While the attacker's authorization level remains the same, their reach increases as they assume different identities.
Vertical privilege escalation, or privilege elevation, is the process of moving from a standard user account to one with higher administrative or "root" privileges. This typically involves exploiting system bugs, misconfigurations, or unpatched vulnerabilities in the kernel or operating system. For instance, an attacker might use an exploit to trick a high-privileged service into executing malicious code on their behalf. Gaining root or administrator status is often the ultimate goal for an attacker, as it provides unrestricted control over the entire system, allowing for the deployment of malware, modification of security logs, and total data exfiltration. Effective defense against this threat involves implementing zero-trust architectures, rigorous patch management, and continuous monitoring for unauthorized permission changes.
NEW QUESTION # 87
What is an exploit in the hacking world?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In ethical hacking and cybersecurity, an exploit iscode or a sequence of commands designed to take advantage of a specific vulnerabilityin a system, application, or service. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
Exploits are typically used after vulnerabilities have been identified during reconnaissance and scanning phases. They allow attackers or ethical hackers to verify whether a weakness can be practically abused.
Exploits may result in unauthorized access, data disclosure, privilege escalation, or remote code execution, depending on the nature of the vulnerability.
Option B is incorrect because malware removal is a defensive activity and does not involve exploitation.
Option C is incorrect because malicious programs that spread via social networks are classified as malware, not exploits.
From an ethical hacking perspective, exploits are used incontrolled and authorized environmentsto demonstrate the real-world impact of vulnerabilities. Ethical hackers often use exploit frameworks to safely test systems and provide remediation guidance.
Understanding exploits helps organizations prioritize patching, improve system hardening, and reduce exposure to known attack techniques. Ethical use of exploits strengthens security rather than undermines it.
NEW QUESTION # 88
Which of the following is an example of social engineering?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Social engineering is an attack technique thatmanipulates human behaviorto gain unauthorized access to systems or information, making option A the correct answer. Asking users to disclose their passwords over the phone is a classic example of social engineering, often referred to as vishing (voice phishing).
Unlike technical attacks that exploit software vulnerabilities, social engineering targets human trust, fear, urgency, or lack of awareness. Attackers may impersonate IT staff, managers, or trusted vendors to convince victims to reveal credentials or perform harmful actions.
Option B is incorrect because antivirus software is a defensive security control, not an attack method. Option C is incorrect because updating the operating system is a security best practice that helps mitigate vulnerabilities.
From an ethical hacking standpoint, testing for social engineering vulnerabilities helps organizations understand their exposure tohuman-based attack vectors, which are among the most effective and commonly used by attackers. Ethical hackers may conduct controlled phishing simulations to assess employee awareness and response.
Mitigating social engineering attacks requires user training, security awareness programs, strong authentication methods, and clear verification procedures. Understanding social engineering is critical for building comprehensive defense strategies.
NEW QUESTION # 89
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