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CIPS L4M7考試適合從事資產管理的專業人士，包括項目經理、工程師、測量師和設施經理。它也適合有興趣從事資產管理職業或希望擴展自己在該領域的知識的個人。此證書在全球范圍內得到認可，並受到各個行業雇主的高度重視。

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CIPS L4M7認證考試在競爭激烈的IT行業中越來越受歡迎，報名參加考試的人越來越多。但是它的難度並沒有減小，依然很難通過考試，畢竟這是個權威的檢驗電腦專業知識和資訊技術能力的考試。一般人為了通過CIPS L4M7 認證考試都需要花費大量的時間和精力來復習備考。

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最新的 Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply L4M7 免費考試真題 (Q241-Q246):

問題 #241
The ABC approach involves classifying inventory items by unit cost, with expensive items classi-fied as 'A' items and low cost items classified as 'C' items. Is this statement true?

A. No, ABC analysis considers the supply risks associated with an inventory item
B. No, ABC analysis considers the usage of each inventory item
C. Yes, 'C' items with the lowest unit prices are the tail spends
D. Yes, 'A' items represent approximately 20% of total unit prices

答案：B

解題說明：
ABC analysis is an approach for classifying inventory items based on the items' consumption val-ues.
Consumption value is the total value of an item consumed over a specified time period, for example a year.
The approach is based on the Pareto principle to help manage what matters and is applied in this context:
- A items are goods where annual consumption value is the highest. Applying the Pareto principle (also referred to as the 80/20 rule where 80 percent of the output is determined by 20 percent of the input), they comprise a relatively small number of items but have a relatively high consumption value. So it'slogical that analysis and control of this class is relatively intense, since there is the greatest potential to reduce costs or losses.
- B items are interclass items. Their consumption values are lower than A items but higher than C items. A key point of having this interclass group is to watch items close to A item and C item classes that would alter their stock management policies if they drift closer to class A or class C. Stock management is itself a cost. So there needs to be a balance between controls to protect the asset class and the value at risk of loss, or the cost of analysis and the potential value returned by reducing class costs. So, the scope of this class and the inventory management policies are determined by the estimated cost-benefit of class cost reduction, and loss control systems and processes.
- C items have the lowest consumption value. This class has a relatively high proportion of the total number of lines but with relatively low consumption values. Logically, it's not usually cost-effective to deploy tight inventory controls, as the value at risk of significant loss is relatively low and the cost of analysis would typically yield relatively low returns.
LO 2, AC 2.1

問題 #242
A supplier delivers large quantities of inventory to its customer's store, but only charges for the goods as and when they are used. This can be described as...?

A. Multi-stage inventory
B. Components inventory
C. Multi-echelon stock
D. Consignment stock

答案：D

解題說明：
Consignment stock is stock legally owned by one party, but held by another, meaning that the risk and rewards regarding to the said stock remains with the first party while the second party is re-sponsible for distribution or retail operations. Ownership of consignment stock is passed only when the stock is used (issued or sold in the case of a shop). Unused stock in a warehouse may be returned to the supplier when it concerns standard manufactured products. With customer specific items, agreements concerning returning products, should be negotiated.

問題 #243
Which of the following statements is true of just-in-time (JIT) purchasing?

A. In JIT purchasing, raw materials (or goods) are purchased so that products are delivered just as needed for production or sales
B. Only disadvantage of JIT purchasing is the higher level carrying and inspection costs
C. In JIT purchasing, the optimal safety-stock level is the quantity of safety stock that minimizes the sum of annual relevant stockout and carrying costs
D. JIT purchasing is guided solely by the EOQ model because that model emphasizes the tradeoff between relevant carrying and ordering costs

答案：A

解題說明：
Just-in-time (JIT) purchasing is a systems approach for developing and operating the purchasing function. JIT purchasing along with the total quality management in many industries has been suc-cessful in reducing inventory and increasing the overall effectiveness of purchasing function and hence the productivity of manufacturing.
The just-in-time objectives of eliminating waste can be summarised in the 'five zeros: zero defects, zero set-up times, zero inventories, zero handling and zero lead times.
The correct answer should be 'In JIT purchasing, raw materials (or goods) are purchased so that products are delivered just as needed for production or sales' because it expresses that upstream activity (purchasing) only occurs as the downstream activity (production or sales) triggers.

問題 #244
In just in time production system, when is an upstream production triggered?

A. After the management team forecasts the future demands
B. When the inventory level reaches the reorder point
C. When downstream operations summon the upstream production
D. When the production workers are idle

答案：C

解題說明：
Along with Jidoka, Just-in-time (JIT) production is one of the pillars of the two Toyota Production System. It is a production method that fundamentally changed the way large-scale production oc-curred in the 20th century, and is the basis for Lean Manufacturing (Lean for short), which is the school of thought many modern companies have modeled themselves after.
JIT production is often called a pull system because instead of using traditional push production where scheduling is done based on historical data and demand forecasting, production is scheduled based on actual customer orders. Rather than predicting demands from customers, the JIT method requires that actual customer demand exists. Production doesn't begin before an order triggers it. This system not only reduces the amount of extra inventory, but also reduces the amount of work in progress at one time.
Reference:
- Just-in-Time Production
- CIPS study guide page 122-127
LO 2, AC 2.3

問題 #245
A group of items which are stacked together for more convenient movement is called...?

A. Load cell
B. Stacker
C. Unit load
D. Unit price

答案：C

解題說明：
Unit load is a term used to describe grouping of different items into a convenient stack or stacks which make them easy to handle and store. Typically this involves pallets and/or the plastic wrap-ping of a load.
Stacker is designed to lift and stack pallets. This one is fully mobile so can move easily around the warehouse.
An operator would typically sit or stand while driving like a counterbalanced, reach or straddle lift truck.
A load cell is a type of transducer, specifically a force transducer. It converts a force such as ten-sion, compression, pressure, or torque into an electrical signal that can be measured and standard-ized.
Unit price is the price of a single product or service, used for example when buying several things together to refer to the price of each one.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 60-61
LO 1, AC 1.3

問題 #246
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