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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Estate Planning | 10% | - Wills, trusts, and powers of attorney - Estate taxation and wealth transfer |
| Topic 2: Insurance Planning | 10% | - Life, disability, and critical illness insurance - Property and liability risk management |
| Topic 3: Investment and Tax Planning | 10% | - Tax-efficient investing and income planning - Investment portfolio construction |
| Topic 4: Family Law | 15% | - Support obligations and asset division - Marriage, cohabitation, and separation agreements |
| Topic 5: Financial Planning Practice | 10% | - Financial plan development process - Client engagement and data gathering |
| Topic 6: Financial Planning for Small Business | 15% | - Business structure and financial considerations - Succession planning and exit strategies |
| Topic 7: Savings Planning & Debt Management | 10% | - Savings vehicles and strategies - Debt management and repayment plans |
| Topic 8: Retirement Planning | 20% | - Retirement savings and withdrawal strategies - Retirement income needs analysis - Government and private retirement programs |
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NEW QUESTION # 58
In November 2018, Leon put his former wife Betty on notice that her current child support payments were insufficient and that he would be seeking an increase. From what date may a retroactive change to child support apply?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The applicable exam principle is the presumptive three-year limitation or "three-year rule" for retroactive child-support adjustments. Counting back three years from November 2018 produces November 2015, making option B correct.
The Supreme Court of Canada's framework in D.B.S. v. S.R.G. established that effective notice is highly important in deciding the commencement date for retroactive child support and that, as a general rule, an award should not extend more than three years into the past. The Court described effective notice broadly:
formal court proceedings are not required; the support issue merely needs to have been raised with the other parent.
Later Supreme Court authority continues to recognize the three-year presumptive rule, while emphasizing that it is not absolute. Factors such as blameworthy conduct, failure to disclose income, the child's circumstances, delay, and hardship can justify a different result.
For FPII examination purposes, with November 2018 as the relevant notice date and no additional facts establishing exceptional conduct, the three-year look-back identifies November 2015.
FPII reference/topic: Family Law - child support; retroactive support; effective notice; three-year presumptive rule.
NEW QUESTION # 59
Fiona's eligibility for insurance benefits is measured by her ability to perform the usual activities of daily living. What type of insurance policy does Fiona have?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Long-term care insurance is the correct classification because eligibility for benefits is commonly based on an insured person's inability to independently perform specified activities of daily living (ADLs). Typical ADLs include bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, transferring, and maintaining mobility. The Financial Consumer Agency of Canada describes long-term care insurance as coverage intended for individuals who become unable to care for themselves or who require assistance managing daily activities.
Disability insurance is fundamentally different. Its principal purpose is income replacement where illness or injury prevents the insured from performing occupational duties. Eligibility therefore normally depends on an occupational definition of disability rather than inability to perform basic ADLs. Critical illness insurance generally pays a lump-sum benefit following diagnosis of a covered condition that satisfies the policy definition. Extended health insurance reimburses eligible medical and health-related expenses that provincial plans may not fully cover.
The wording specifically connects benefit eligibility to Fiona's functional capacity in everyday living. That is the characteristic trigger associated with long-term care coverage.
FPII reference/topic: Insurance Planning - health-related insurance; long-term care coverage; activities-of- daily-living benefit triggers.
NEW QUESTION # 60
Mr. and Mrs. Morrone are retired with two adult children, Joseph and Christine. The Morrones appointed Joseph as their power of attorney several years earlier but they have recently become concerned about him making decisions, particularly on some contentious family property. How can the Morrones address their concern?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Granting authority jointly to Joseph and Christine is the most appropriate response because the Morrones' concern relates to Joseph exercising decision-making authority alone, particularly over contentious property.
Where two attorneys are appointed jointly, important decisions ordinarily require participation or agreement by both attorneys unless the governing document specifically provides otherwise. This introduces oversight and reduces the risk of unilateral action by one child. Ontario's substitute-decision legislation, for example, provides that where two or more attorneys are appointed, they act jointly unless the power of attorney specifies another arrangement. Similar mechanisms exist in other Canadian jurisdictions.
Making the document continuing or enduring, as in option B, addresses whether authority survives subsequent incapacity; it does not solve the concern regarding Joseph's unilateral decisions. Restricting the power to a particular time period may eventually terminate his authority but does not provide ongoing shared oversight.
Option D is particularly unsuitable because the identified concern already involves property decisions; giving Joseph sole property authority would not address that risk.
Joint appointment therefore directly responds to the governance problem while allowing the parents to retain a family-based attorney structure.
FPII reference/topic: Estate Planning - powers of attorney; appointment of multiple attorneys; joint authority; protection of property.
NEW QUESTION # 61
Diana has begun receiving spousal support payments and child support payments from her ex-husband Bruce.
What tax planning issue should be of greatest concern to Diana?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Diana's principal tax concern is the tax payable on qualifying spousal support payments that she receives.
Under Canadian income-tax rules, periodic spousal support paid pursuant to a qualifying court order or written agreement is generally deductible by the payer and taxable to the recipient. CRA therefore requires a recipient to include the taxable portion of qualifying spousal support in income.
Child support is treated differently. Under the current regime applicable to post-April 1997 arrangements, child support is generally not deductible by the payer and not taxable to the recipient. CRA expressly distinguishes the two forms of support on this basis.
Because Diana is receiving both forms of support, she should distinguish them carefully and plan for the income-tax liability associated with taxable spousal support. Depending on the amount received and the withholding arrangements, she may need to retain sufficient cash to satisfy tax instalments or the balance due when filing her tax return.
Option A concerns Bruce's potential deduction rather than Diana's tax liability. Options B and C incorrectly treat ordinary child-support payments as deductible or taxable.
FPII reference/topic: Family Law - taxation of support; spousal support; child support; payer deductions and recipient income inclusion.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Jerry, age 58, has been working for the same employer since he graduated university. Over the years, he has had a few promotions. Jerry and his wife, Beth, are well on their way to financial independence, and they plan to retire in two years. Which of the following scenarios will most likely represent Jerry and Beth's financial scenario?
Scenario
Liquid assets relative to total assets (%)
Investment assets-to-net worth ratio (%)
Debt-to-asset ratio (%)
A
5
75
10
B
10
25
20
C
15
45
25
D
20
70
30
Answer: B
Explanation:
Scenario A best represents a household approaching financial independence and retirement.
Jerry and Beth are only two years from retirement and are described as being well on their way to financial independence. At this stage of the financial life cycle, a financially strong household would ordinarily be expected to have accumulated a substantial investment portfolio and to have materially reduced debt. Scenario A has an investment-assets-to-net-worth ratio of 75%, the highest of the four scenarios, together with the lowest debt-to-asset ratio of 10%.
Scenario D also has significant investment assets at 70%, but its 30% debt ratio represents materially greater leverage immediately before retirement. Scenarios B and C have lower proportions of wealth committed to investment assets-25% and 45% respectively-which are less consistent with the stated level of financial independence.
The 5% liquid-asset ratio in Scenario A is not necessarily problematic. Near retirement, an appropriate emergency reserve is important, but excessive cash holdings may reduce long-term investment efficiency. The overall balance of high accumulated investment wealth and low debt is the decisive factor.
Since option D corresponds to Scenario A, option D is correct.
FPII reference/topic: Retirement Planning - financial life cycle; personal financial ratios; investment-asset accumulation; debt reduction before retirement.
NEW QUESTION # 63
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