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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Profit Planning | 10–15% | - Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis
|
| Controls and Regulations | 10–15% | - Internal control systems and principles
|
| Financial Analysis | 45–50% | - Financial statement analysis techniques
|
| Budgeting and Decision Making | 10–15% | - Relevant information for decision making
|
| Cost Systems | 20–25% | - Cost concepts and classification
|
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質問 # 24
How are activity-based costing systems different from traditional costing systems?
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is C . Activity-based costing (ABC) is generally more precise than traditional costing when a company makes multiple products that consume overhead resources differently. ABC assigns overhead by identifying activities and using multiple cost drivers that better reflect how products actually use resources. Sources on ABC explain that it improves cost accuracy compared with traditional systems, especially in more complex production environments.
Option A is incorrect because the statement is reversed. Traditional costing often uses a single volume-based driver such as labor hours or machine hours, while ABC commonly uses multiple cost drivers . Option B is incorrect because ABC is usually more time-consuming and expensive to administer, not less. Option D is also incorrect because ABC is especially useful when products are heterogeneous , meaning they differ in the amount and type of overhead resources they consume. Therefore, the key difference is that ABC gives a more precise assignment of overhead costs than traditional costing when multiple products are produced. That makes Option C the correct answer.
質問 # 25
A company collects 20% of the credit sales in the month of sale and the rest is collected equally in the following two months. The company made the following credit sales:
January = $500,000
February = $420,000
March = $545,000
April = $550,000
May = $555,000
June = $567,000
July = $600,000
Which is the correct amount of cash collection in the month of September?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is C. $624,000 . The collection pattern says the company collects 20% in the month of sale and the remaining 80% equally in the next two months , which means 40% in each of the following two months .
To compute September collections, include:
* 40% of July sales
* 40% of August sales
* 20% of September sales
However, the table you pasted ends at July , so the only way the answer choices work is if the original problem intended the month to be August , or the omitted months continue the same pattern. Based on the provided answer choices and normal budgeting logic, the keyed answer is $624,000 , which corresponds to:
40% of June = 0.40 × 567,000 = 226,800
40% of July = 0.40 × 600,000 = 240,000
20% of August = 157,200
Total:
226,800 + 240,000 + 157,200 = 624,000
So the correct choice is Option C . Your pasted question appears to be missing the August sales figure, but the correct keyed answer from the available options is $624,000 .
質問 # 26
A company allocates overhead based on the number of shoes produced.
The company estimates the following costs and shoe production for the upcoming year:
Estimated total overhead = $1,250,000
Estimated number of shoes = 4,000,000
Actual overhead = $1,350,000
Actual number of shoes = 4,100,000
What is the predetermined overhead rate?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A. $0.313 . A predetermined overhead rate is calculated at the beginning of the period using estimated overhead costs and the estimated amount of the allocation base. OpenStax states that the rate is found by dividing estimated manufacturing overhead by the estimated activity base.
The formula is:
Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated total overhead / Estimated allocation base Using the numbers in the question:
$1,250,000 / 4,000,000 shoes = $0.3125 per shoe
Rounded to three decimal places, that equals $0.313 per shoe .
The actual overhead and actual number of shoes produced are not used to compute the predetermined rate.
Those figures are used later when applying overhead or analyzing overapplied and underapplied overhead.
That is why choices based on actual data are incorrect.
Option B, $0.329 , comes from dividing actual overhead by actual production, but that is an actual rate, not the predetermined one asked for here. Since predetermined overhead always relies on estimates made in advance, the correct answer is $0.313 , which makes Option A correct.
質問 # 27
What does the overall economic performance of a company for a given time period represent?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A. The net income of the company . In financial accounting, the overall economic performance of a company for a specific period is generally summarized by net income or net loss . Net income reflects the result of revenues, expenses, gains, and losses recognized during the period under accrual accounting. It is the bottom-line measure on the income statement and is widely used to evaluate profitability and performance. OpenStax describes the income statement as the report that presents revenues and expenses for a period and arrives at net income.
Option B focuses only on cash receipts and cash payments, which is a cash flow perspective rather than the full accrual-based measure of economic performance. Option C refers more narrowly to gross profit , because it compares sales with cost of goods sold only and excludes operating expenses, interest, and taxes.
Option D, market value, reflects investor valuation rather than accounting performance for a reporting period.
Since the question asks about the company's overall economic performance for a given time period, the most accurate accounting answer is net income . Therefore, Option A is correct.
質問 # 28
Which overhead cost is associated with batch-level activities?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is B. Machine setups . In activity-based costing , batch-level activities are performed each time a batch of goods is processed, regardless of how many units are in that batch. A classic example is the machine setup required before production of a batch can begin. ABC materials commonly identify setup costs as batch-level because the activity occurs per batch rather than per individual unit.
Option A, property taxes , and Option C, factory insurance , are usually considered facility-level or organization-sustaining overhead because they support the factory as a whole rather than a specific batch.
Option D, product engineering wages , is more closely related to product-level activities , since engineering work often supports a particular product line rather than each batch run. Batch-level costs increase with the number of production batches, not necessarily with the number of units produced. Since machine setups are incurred each time a batch is started, they are the standard example of a batch-level overhead cost. Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.
質問 # 29
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