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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Application of Procurement Cycle | 25% | - Key stages of procurement cycle in practice
|
| Topic 2: Sourcing Process & Supplier Management | 25% | - Stages of strategic sourcing
|
| Topic 3: Whole Life Asset & Cost Management | 25% | - Total cost of ownership concept
|
| Topic 4: Ethics, Responsibility & Compliance | 25% | - Ethical and responsible sourcing application
|
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質問 # 146
Which four procurement cycle stages happen after the award of the contract?
正解：
解説：
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
The procurement cycle is the heart of purchasing, sourcing and supplying and should be followed in day-to- day practice in the industry. The procurement cycle has thirteen stages. Contract award is stage 9, and the stages after the contract award are; Stage 10: ware house, logistic and receipt Stage 11: Contract performance review and continuous improvement Stage 12: SRM/SCM and contract management Stage 13: Asset management, lessons learned, end of life.
質問 # 147
What are five recognized types of modern slavery?
正解：
解説：
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
Modern slavery is against ethical and responsible sourcing. Modern slavery is one of the areas to understudy for procurement professionals to carry out ethical and responsible sourcing and this is recognized in five ways.
1. Human trafficking: The process of seeking, recruiting, transporting and exploiting individuals to work against their will. Often human trafficking includes violence, deception, and coercion.
2. Bonded labour (debt bondage): This is an individual's promise to provide service through ex-ploitation as repayment, or part thereof, of a dept or other obligation.
3. Forced labour: Work that people are forced to do with the treat of punishment if it is not carried out.
4. Children labour: The exploitative and illegal employment of children.
5. Domestic slavery: Individuals exploited through working in private households for little or no money in return for living accommodation
質問 # 148
What is Decommissioning?
正解：
解説：
When a fixed asset reaches the end of its life, it requires decommissioning before reconditioning or disposal.
Decommissioning is to observe all the safety measures and technical procedures and stop active machinery or an asset from operation (example; gas plant, power generator, transformer etc.
Decommissioning process include the following aspect
1) Preparation: Plan the process
2) Dismantle: Take the asset apart and remove hazardous waste
3) Processing: make safe any hazardous waste
4) Disposal: Ensure paper work is received to confirm removal and disposal
質問 # 149
Describe three ways in which a buyer could or test the market in other to assist with determining a need.
正解：
解説：
Once the need has been understood, defined, justified and authorized, the next stages are to analyze and test the market. Analyzing and testing the market includes looking at the following
1. STEEPLE analysis
2. SWOT analysis
3. Porter's five forces
4. Level of suppliers competition
5. Supply and demand
6. Push and pull
7. Supplier segmentation
8. Product life cycle
9. Ansoff matrix
10. Early supplier involvement
11. Make or buy
12. Offshoring
1. Porter's five forces: The use of porter's five forces helps the procurement professional to understand the level of competition within the marketplace. Whether it is a monopoly, oligopoly, imperfect or perfect market. Knowing these will equip the organization to better negotiate a favorable price.
2. Supply and Demand: the procurement professional must also think about supply and demand as part of their market analysis when they receive a requisition. This economic factor has a significant effect on the prices charged and on the cost incurred.
3. Supplier segmentation: in this the procurement professional start to form an opinion of potential suppliers.. They can segment current suppliers into four categories, depending on their level of integration into an organization. This can help to inform the procurement professional of which type of supplier relationship that would be most appropriate.
質問 # 150
Research the ethical standard or accreditations of an industry with which you are familiar
正解：
解説：
If a supplier is accredited or is a member of an association that promotes good ethical conduct, a statement to this effect is likely to be featured on its company documentation. This could be in a form of letters after the organization name or the authorized use of logo.
Accreditation information should be verified by procurement professionals either asking organiza-tion for certification to prove membership or accreditation or checking on a professional register.
Below are associated bodies that form some industries.
1. ISO 14001 - for quality management
2. CIPS - for procurement and Supply
3. Red Tractor - NGO Registered in the UK, promoting human right
4. Amnesty International - human right
5. Carbon Trust - For Carbon neutral status.
質問 # 151
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