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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Operations and Support | 22% | - Monitor data pipelines
|
| Data Ingestion and Transformation | 34% | - Apply programming concepts
|
| Data Security and Governance | 18% | - Implement data quality checks
|
| Data Store Management | 26% | - Manage data lifecycle
|
>> Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate Latest Practice Questions <<
The Data-Engineer-Associate exam requires a lot of preparation, hard work, and practice to be successful. To pass the AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate (DEA-C01) (Data-Engineer-Associate) test, you need to get updated Amazon Data-Engineer-Associate dumps. These Data-Engineer-Associate questions are necessary to study for the test and pass it on the first try. Updated Data-Engineer-Associate Practice Questions are essential prepare successfully for the AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate (DEA-C01) certification exam. But gaining access to updated Data-Engineer-Associate questions is challenging for the candidates.
NEW QUESTION # 213
A company needs to store and analyze a large amount of IoT sensor data. The company needs to retain the data indefinitely. The company analyzes the data in an Amazon Redshift cluster.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Option B is correct because the requirement is to retain a very large dataset indefinitely and analyze it from Amazon Redshift in the most cost-effective way. Amazon Redshift Spectrum allows Redshift to query data directly in Amazon S3 without loading all of the data into Redshift-managed storage. That reduces warehouse storage cost for long-term retained data. AWS documentation also recommends using Apache Parquet for Spectrum because Parquet is a columnar format, which allows Redshift Spectrum to read only the columns needed instead of scanning entire text files. This improves performance and lowers query cost.
Option A and D are less cost-effective because auto-copy loads data into the Redshift cluster, which means the company pays to store all historical data in Redshift even though the requirement is indefinite retention of a large volume of IoT data. Option C is worse than B because JSON is a row-oriented text format, and AWS guidance says columnar formats such as Parquet or ORC are preferred for Redshift Spectrum for better scan efficiency and lower cost.
NEW QUESTION # 214
A company uses AWS Step Functions to orchestrate a data pipeline. The pipeline consists of Amazon EMR jobs that ingest data from data sources and store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The pipeline also includes EMR jobs that load the data to Amazon Redshift.
The company's cloud infrastructure team manually built a Step Functions state machine. The cloud infrastructure team launched an EMR cluster into a VPC to support the EMR jobs. However, the deployed Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs.
Which combination of steps should the company take to identify the reason the Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
To identify the reason why the Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs, the company should take the following steps:
Verify that the Step Functions state machine code has all IAM permissions that are necessary to create and run the EMR jobs. The state machine code should have an IAM role that allows it to invoke the EMR APIs, such as RunJobFlow, AddJobFlowSteps, and DescribeStep. The state machine code should also have IAM permissions to access the Amazon S3 buckets that the EMR jobs use as input and output locations. The company can use Access Analyzer for S3 to check the access policies and permissions of the S3 buckets12.
Therefore, option B is correct.
Query the flow logs for the VPC. The flow logs can provide information about the network traffic to and from the EMR cluster that is launched in the VPC. The company can use the flow logs to determine whether the traffic that originates from the EMR cluster can successfully reach the data providers, such as Amazon RDS, Amazon Redshift, or other external sources. The company can also determine whether any security group that might be attached to the EMR cluster allows connections to the data source servers on the informed ports. The company can use Amazon VPC Flow Logs or Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights to query the flow logs3 .
Therefore, option D is correct.
Option A is incorrect because it suggests using AWS CloudFormation to automate the Step Functions state machine deployment. While this is a good practice to ensure consistency and repeatability of the deployment, it does not help to identify the reason why the state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs. Moreover, creating a step to pause the state machine during the EMR jobs that fail and wait for a human user to send approval through an email message is not a reliable way to troubleshoot the issue. The company should use the Step Functions console or API to monitor the execution history and status of the state machine, and use Amazon CloudWatch to view the logs and metrics of the EMR jobs .
Option C is incorrect because it suggests changing the AWS Step Functions state machine code to use Amazon EMR on EKS. Amazon EMR on EKS is a service that allows you to run EMR jobs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) clusters. While this service has some benefits, such as lower cost and faster execution time, it does not support all the features and integrations that EMR on EC2 does, such as EMR Notebooks, EMR Studio, and EMRFS. Therefore, changing the state machine code to use EMR on EKS may not be compatible with the existing data pipeline and may introduce new issues.
Option E is incorrect because it suggests checking the retry scenarios that the company configured for the EMR jobs. While this is a good practice to handle transient failures and errors, it does not help to identify the root cause of why the state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs. Moreover, increasing the number of seconds in the interval between each EMR task may not improve the success rate of the jobs, and may increase the execution time and cost of the state machine. Configuring an Amazon SNS topic to store the error messages may help to notify the company of any failures, but it does not provide enough information to troubleshoot the issue.
1: Manage an Amazon EMR Job - AWS Step Functions
2: Access Analyzer for S3 - Amazon Simple Storage Service
3: Working with Amazon EMR and VPC Flow Logs - Amazon EMR
[4]: Analyzing VPC Flow Logs with Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud
[5]: Monitor AWS Step Functions - AWS Step Functions
[6]: Monitor Amazon EMR clusters - Amazon EMR
[7]: Amazon EMR on Amazon EKS - Amazon EMR
NEW QUESTION # 215
A company uses an Amazon Redshift provisioned cluster as its database. The Redshift cluster has five reserved ra3.4xlarge nodes and uses key distribution.
A data engineer notices that one of the nodes frequently has a CPU load over 90%. SQL Queries that run on the node are queued. The other four nodes usually have a CPU load under 15% during daily operations.
The data engineer wants to maintain the current number of compute nodes. The data engineer also wants to balance the load more evenly across all five compute nodes.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Changing the distribution key to the table column that has the largest dimension will help to balance the load more evenly across all five compute nodes. The distribution key determines how the rows of a table are distributed among the slices of the cluster. If the distribution key is not chosen wisely, it can cause data skew, meaning some slices will have more data than others, resulting in uneven CPU load and query performance.
By choosing the table column that has the largest dimension, meaning the column that has the most distinct values, as the distribution key, the data engineer can ensure that the rows are distributed more uniformly across the slices, reducing data skew and improving query performance.
The other options are not solutions that will meet the requirements. Option A, changing the sort key to be the data column that is most often used in a WHERE clause of the SQL SELECT statement, will not affect the data distribution or the CPU load. The sort key determines the order in which the rows of a table are stored on disk, which can improve the performance of range-restricted queries, but not the load balancing. Option C, upgrading the reserved node from ra3.4xlarge to ra3.16xlarge, will not maintain the current number of compute nodes, as it will increase the cost and the capacity of the cluster. Option D, changing the primary key to be the data column that is most often used in a WHERE clause of the SQL SELECT statement, will not affect the data distribution or the CPU load either. The primary key is a constraint that enforces the uniqueness of the rows in a table, but it does not influence the data layout or the query optimization. References:
Choosing a data distribution style
Choosing a data sort key
Working with primary keys
NEW QUESTION # 216
A company has a frontend ReactJS website that uses Amazon API Gateway to invoke REST APIs. The APIs perform the functionality of the website. A data engineer needs to write a Python script that can be occasionally invoked through API Gateway. The code must return results to API Gateway.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Answer: B
Explanation:
AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers.
You can use Lambda to create functions that perform custom logic and integrate with other AWS services, such as API Gateway. Lambda automatically scales your application by running code in response to each trigger. You pay only for the compute time you consume1.
Amazon ECS is a fully managed container orchestration service that allows you to run and scale containerized applications on AWS. You can use ECS to deploy, manage, and scale Docker containers using either Amazon EC2 instances or AWS Fargate, a serverless compute engine for containers2.
Amazon EKS is a fully managed Kubernetes service that allows you to run Kubernetes clusters on AWS without needing to install, operate, or maintain your own Kubernetes control plane. You can use EKS to deploy, manage, and scale containerized applications using Kubernetes on AWS3.
The solution that meets the requirements with the least operational overhead is to create an AWS Lambda Python function with provisioned concurrency. This solution has the following advantages:
It does not require you to provision, manage, or scale any servers or clusters, as Lambda handles all the infrastructure for you. This reduces the operational complexity and cost of running your code.
It allows you to write your Python script as a Lambda function and integrate it with API Gateway using a simple configuration. API Gateway can invoke your Lambda function synchronously or asynchronously, and return the results to the frontend website.
It ensures that your Lambda function is ready to respond to API requests without any cold start delays, by using provisioned concurrency. Provisioned concurrency is a feature that keeps your function initialized and hyper-ready to respond in double-digit milliseconds. You can specify the number of concurrent executions that you want to provision for your function.
Option A is incorrect because it requires you to deploy a custom Python script on an Amazon ECS cluster.
This solution has the following disadvantages:
It requires you to provision, manage, and scale your own ECS cluster, either using EC2 instances or Fargate. This increases the operational complexity and cost of running your code.
It requires you to package your Python script as a Docker container image and store it in a container registry, such as Amazon ECR or Docker Hub. This adds an extra step to your deployment process.
It requires you to configure your ECS cluster to integrate with API Gateway, either using an Application Load Balancer or a Network Load Balancer. This adds another layer of complexity to your architecture.
Option C is incorrect because it requires you to deploy a custom Python script that can integrate with API Gateway on Amazon EKS. This solution has the following disadvantages:
It requires you to provision, manage, and scale your own EKS cluster, either using EC2 instances or Fargate. This increases the operational complexity and cost of running your code.
It requires you to package your Python script as a Docker container image and store it in a container registry, such as Amazon ECR or Docker Hub. This adds an extra step to your deployment process.
It requires you to configure your EKS cluster to integrate with API Gateway, either using an Application Load Balancer, a Network Load Balancer, or a service of type LoadBalancer. This adds another layer of complexity to your architecture.
Option D is incorrect because it requires you to create an AWS Lambda function and ensure that the function is warm by scheduling an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes by using mock events. This solution has the following disadvantages:
It does not guarantee that your Lambda function will always be warm, as Lambda may scale down your function if it does not receive any requests for a long period of time. This may cause cold start delays when your function is invoked by API Gateway.
It incurs unnecessary costs, as you pay for the compute time of your Lambda function every time it is invoked by the EventBridge rule, even if it does not perform any useful work1.
References:
1: AWS Lambda - Features
2: Amazon Elastic Container Service - Features
3: Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service - Features
[4]: Building API Gateway REST API with Lambda integration - Amazon API Gateway
[5]: Improving latency with Provisioned Concurrency - AWS Lambda
[6]: Integrating Amazon ECS with Amazon API Gateway - Amazon Elastic Container Service
[7]: Integrating Amazon EKS with Amazon API Gateway - Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service
[8]: Managing concurrency for a Lambda function - AWS Lambda
NEW QUESTION # 217
A company stores details about transactions in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to log all writes to the S3 bucket into another S3 bucket that is in the same AWS Region.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?
Answer: B
Explanation:
This solution meets the requirement of logging all writes to the S3 bucket into another S3 bucket with the least operational effort. AWS CloudTrail is a service that records the API calls made to AWS services, including Amazon S3. By creating a trail of data events, you can capture the details of the requests that are made to the transactions S3 bucket, such as the requester, the time, the IP address, and the response elements.
By specifying an empty prefix and write-only events, you can filter the data events to only include the ones that write to the bucket. By specifying the logs S3 bucket as the destination bucket, you can store the CloudTrail logs in another S3 bucket that is in the same AWS Region. This solution does not require any additional coding or configuration, and it is more scalable and reliable than using S3 Event Notifications and Lambda functions. References:
Logging Amazon S3 API calls using AWS CloudTrail
Creating a trail for data events
Enabling Amazon S3 server access logging
NEW QUESTION # 218
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