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PECB ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	ISO 45001 requirements for an OH&S MS – Clauses 4 to 10: This section of the exam measures the skills of Auditors related to specific requirements outlined in ISO 45001 about occupational health and safety management systems. It emphasizes understanding clauses that address context, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation, and improvement. A skill to be measured is applying ISO 45001 requirements to organizational practices.
Topic 2	Fundamental principles and concepts of an occupational health and safety management system: This section of the exam measures the skills of Health and Safety Managers and covers the essential principles and concepts underlying an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS). It focuses on understanding the framework for managing health and safety risks to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. One skill to be measured is identifying key components of an effective OHSMS.
Topic 3	Conducting an ISO 45001 audit: This section of the exam measures the skills of Lead Auditors and covers the execution of an ISO 45001 audit. It focuses on gathering evidence, interviewing personnel, and assessing compliance with OHSMS requirements during the audit process.
Topic 4	Closing an ISO 45001 audit: This section of the exam measures the skills of Audit Consultants and covers the procedures for concluding an ISO 45001 audit. It emphasizes reporting results, discussing findings with stakeholders, and ensuring follow-up actions are planned.
Topic 5	Fundamental audit concepts and principles: This section of the exam measures the skills of Internal Auditors and covers the basic concepts and principles related to auditing an OHSMS. It focuses on understanding audit types, methodologies, and the role of audits in compliance and improvement. One skill to be measured is conducting effective audits to assess OHSMS performance.

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PECB Certified ISO 45001 Lead Auditor Exam Sample Questions (Q12-Q17):

NEW QUESTION # 12
During a second-party audit at a sawmill, you find that the OHSMS Manager conducted the hazard identification process. In the risk assessment report, hazards were listed as physical hazards, chemical hazards, biological hazards and psychosocial hazards, with the hazards categories as low medium and high to be addressed. The OHSMS Manager did not have an action plan for low and medium risks, saying that they ignored those He stated that they brought in a health and safety consultant to advise on treatment for the high risks.
When interviewing the OHSMS Manager, the auditor presents a nonconformity relating to potential hazards In the factory If the dust extraction system broke down. The OHSMS Manager said that. If that happened, the agreed planned action is that workers would put masks on.
Select one of the options for how the auditor should respond to this statement.

A. Ask the OH5MS Manager to confirm that this action meets regulatory requirements for air purity.
B. Advise that the factory should cease its operations It the dust extraction equipment malfunctioned.
C. Seek evidence that the response action is both Implemented and effective.
D. Suggest that they should increase their maintenance checks.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The auditor should assess whether the organization's planned action (using masks in case of dust extraction failure) is both implemented and effective. This aligns with ISO 45001 requirements to ensure that control measures are functional and meet the intended objectives.
* Clause 8.1.2 (Hierarchy of Controls):The use of PPE, such as masks, is considered a last resort in the hierarchy of controls. The organization must demonstrate that the measure is:
* Implemented (e.g., PPE is available and workers are trained to use it).
* Effective (e.g., masks provide adequate protection against dust).
* Analysis of Options:
* A. Advise that the factory should cease operations if the dust extraction equipment malfunctioned.While ceasing operations may be a necessary control in extreme situations, it is not a practical or realistic recommendation unless a high-risk scenario cannot be otherwise managed.
* B. Ask the OHSMS Manager to confirm regulatory compliance.Regulatory compliance is important but does not fully address the requirement to ensure the action is effective.
* C. Seek evidence that the response action is both implemented and effective.This is the most appropriate response. The auditor must verify implementation and effectiveness to determine conformity.
* D. Suggest increasing maintenance checks.Maintenance is important for preventing equipment breakdowns, but this option does not address the immediate audit finding about the adequacy of response actions.
ISO References:
* Clause 8.1.2: Emphasizes applying the hierarchy of controls effectively.
* Clause 9.1.1: Requires monitoring and measuring controls to ensure effectiveness.

NEW QUESTION # 13
You identify that the OSHMS manager conducts a safety inspection of the building each day before the museum opens to the public. You review your latest report and note that there seems to be some confusion between what constitutes a hazard and what constitutes a risk.
Which three of the following observations has the OHSMS manager correctly rated?

A. The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk)
B. Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard)
C. The emergency light In the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk)
D. There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger)
E. The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years [Risk)
F. There Is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator In the visitors' restaurant (Hazard)
G. The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk)
H. The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk)

Answer: C,E,H

Explanation:
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Hazard: A potential source of harm or adverse health effects.
Risk: The likelihood of harm occurring as a result of the hazard.
Danger: An immediate threat that requires urgent action.
Analysis of Options:
A . Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard):
Correctly identified as a hazard since it poses a potential risk during emergencies.
B . The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk):
This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a source of potential harm.
C . The emergency light in the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk):
This is a hazard because it is a condition that could lead to a risk during emergencies.
D . The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years (Risk):
Correctly identified as a risk because the likelihood of fire-related harm increases without proper servicing.
E . The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk):
This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a potential source of harm.
F . The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk):
This is a hazard, not a risk.
G . There is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator in the visitors' restaurant (Hazard):
This is a risk because it specifies the likelihood of harm occurring (selling unfit food).
H . There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger):
Correctly identified as a danger because it represents an immediate and critical threat.
ISO Reference:
Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities.

NEW QUESTION # 14
You are conducting a Stage 2 audit of a steel fabrication works that uses powerful presses to shape steel sheets into various car panels. You note from the accident book that more staff hours have been lost through accidents associated with the presses than those associated with any other equipment.
You question the OH&S manager who tells you, "These big presses are just inherently more dangerous than other equipment. If there is an accident, it's going to be more serious as a result of the forces at work." Which three of the following audit trails would it now be appropriate to pursue?

A. Determine whether the organisation had considered changing the panels to plastic mouldings which would be less likely to cause accidents.
B. Check that the workers who had been injured had received appropriate compensation, so they did not suffer financially from their accidents or working hours lost while recovering.
C. Check whether the organisation has big enough finances to invest in fully automated pressing machines which would not need manual workers.
D. Ensure that the organisation had recorded the reoccurring accidents as an external issue in its determination of context of the organisation. Ensure all interested parties had been informed.
E. Determine whether hazard identification had taken place in respect of the pressing process. If it did, what OH&S risks were identified and what actions were instigated to mitigate these risks?
F. Determine whether there were any maintenance issues that resulted in the machines being unsafe to use, such as broken or missing guards or faulty emergency stop buttons.
G. Ask top management to explain how the reoccurring accidents would affect the setting of future OH&S objectives.

Answer: D,E,F

NEW QUESTION # 15
Showitoff is an organization specialization in the design and production of wall decorating materials for the domestic market.
During an ISO 45001 certification audit of the site, the auditor comes across an open, walled area just outside the maintenance department. It contains various scraps of wood and metal as well as serveral rusty components. Several heavy concrete beams are learning against a thin brick wall in which cracks are available. When asked about it, the OHS Manager states that he presumes that the materials come from maintenance work, so it is the Maintenance Manager's responsibility.
The auditor interview the Maintenance Manager in his department. He asks about the area outside and is told that it contains some excess material that the Manager likes to keep in case they come in handy at some stage.
The auditor points out that the wall appears to be unstable and could collapse at any moment. The Maintenance Manager is not aware of such a situation.
Wash-it-up is an organization that provides window cleaning services for the industrial sector. It has been certified to ISO 45001 for some time and has appointed a new OHS Manager. The auditor asks to see the most recent management review meeting minutes.
Which three statement would represent input audit evidence for the management review?

A. Decisions on Improvements in the OHSMS
B. Worker feedback of positive and negative comments
C. Updates to the risk register
D. Allocation of a bigger budget for the OHS department
E. Decisions related to continual Improvement opportunities
F. Procurement of new safety harnesses for workers
G. Report showing the trend of on increase in safety incidents
H. Proposal to priorities health and safety issues as a business strategy

Answer: B,C,G

Explanation:
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit References Clause 9.3 of ISO 45001:2018 defines inputs for management review, which must include information on performance trends, feedback, risks, and opportunities for improvement.
Analysis of Options:
* A. Allocation of a bigger budget for the OHS department:This is an output of management review, not an input.
* B. Decisions on improvements in the OHSMS:This is an output, not an input.
* C. Decisions related to continual improvement opportunities:This is an output, not an input.
* D. Procurement of new safety harnesses for workers:This is an operational action, not an input for management review.
* E. Proposal to prioritize health and safety issues as a business strategy:Proposals may be discussed during review, but they are outputs.
* F. Report showing the trend of an increase in safety incidents:Correct. This is a valid input that informs system performance.
* G. Updates to the risk register:Correct. Risk updates are required inputs under Clause 6.1.2.
* H. Worker feedback of positive and negative comments:Correct. Feedback is an essential input per Clause 5.4 and Clause 9.3.
ISO References:
* Clause 9.3: Management review inputs.
* Clause 5.4: Worker consultation and participation.

NEW QUESTION # 16
You are conducting a Stage 2 certification audit to ISO 45001 at an adventure park in the Scottish Highlands.
The park offers treetop walks, zip-line rides, walking trails, and horse-riding trips. The park is open to adults and children of any age. You are particularly interested in compliance with legal requirements and interview the Park Manager.
You: How do you evaluate the risks to participants that the various activities present?
Park Manager: Our risks are covered by insurance, and we operate under health and safety legislation that requires frequent checks of all our facilities. For example, we trust staff to check all our harnesses every morning.
You: Are you required to have an independent inspection carried out of zip lines, for example?
Park Manager: Yes, our insurance company employs a reputable body to do that sort of thing.
You: Can you show me a copy of the latest inspection report? Park Manager: I'd need to get that from the insurance organisation. I have the initial one when we opened eight years ago.
You examine the inspection report, which takes the form of a checklist that does not identify individual zip lines, treetop platforms, harnesses, or rope ladders. It is dated eight years previously and has a scribbled signature with no other identification of the inspection engineer. Select the two statements for which there is evidence of a nonconformity to ISO 45001.
Select two statements.

A. The organisation did not monitor the safety checks by the staff of equipment.
B. The park did not have the required documentation to demonstrate compliance with legal requirements.
C. The park relied on the insurance organisation to evaluate its OHS risks.
D. Testing to determine the safe loading of equipment was not carried out.
E. The inspection organisation employed by the insurance organisation was not evaluated.

Answer: B,E

Explanation:
ISO 45001 requires organizations to identify and maintain documentation to demonstrate compliance with legal and other requirements (Clause 7.5 and Clause 9.1.2). It also requires the evaluation and control of outsourced processes (Clause 8.1.4.3).
Analysis of Options:
* A. The park did not have the required documentation to demonstrate compliance with legal requirements:Correct. The outdated and incomplete inspection report (8 years old, lacking detailed identification) fails to demonstrate compliance with health and safety legislation.
* B. The organization did not monitor the safety checks by staff of equipment:Incorrect. While there is a potential gap in monitoring, the evidence provided does not directly indicate a lack of monitoring of staff checks.
* C. The inspection organization employed by the insurance organization was not evaluated:
Correct. ISO 45001 requires the organization to evaluate outsourced services, including those provided by the inspection body, to ensure their adequacy.
* D. The park relied on the insurance organization to evaluate its OHS risks:Incorrect. Reliance on external evaluations may not constitute a nonconformity if risks are properly managed, but there is no evidence provided for noncompliance here.
* E. Testing to determine the safe loading of equipment was not carried out:Incorrect. While load testing is crucial, there is no evidence presented to confirm this specific issue as a nonconformity.
ISO References:
* Clause 7.5: Control of documented information.
* Clause 8.1.4.3: Control of outsourced processes.
* Clause 9.1.2: Evaluation of compliance.

NEW QUESTION # 17
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