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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
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NEW QUESTION # 178
情境9
CloudFort是一家小型網路公司,提供網路安全、雲端運算和虛擬化解決方案。該公司近期通過了基於ISO/IEC 27001標準的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)認證,使其知名度大幅提升,也印證了CloudFort營運的成熟度。
CloudFort 透過進行內部審計,持續審查並改善其安全控制措施以及資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 的整體有效性和效率。鑑於公司規模以及對更高客觀性的需求,高階主管決定將內部稽核職能外包,以確保內部稽核獨立於被審計活動,並在 ISMS 的持續改進中發揮諮詢作用。
在完成初步認證審核後,該公司成立了一個專門負責資料儲存解決方案的新部門。該部門提供針對資料中心最佳化的路由器和交換機,以及基於軟體的網路設備,例如網路虛擬化和網路安全設備。由於新部門的成立,CloudFort啟動了風險評估流程和內部稽核。內部審計結果證實了新流程和控制措施的有效性和高效性。
在確認新部門完全符合 ISO/IEC 27001 要求後,高階主管決定將其納入認證範圍。他們向認證機構提交了擴大認證範圍的申請,以確保該部門的流程和安全措施與整體資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 完全一致。
在首次認證審核一年後,認證機構對CloudFort的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)進行了第二次審核。此次審核旨在確定CloudFort的ISMS是否符合ISO/IEC 27001標準的特定要求,並確保ISMS持續改善。審核團隊確認,已認證的ISMS符合標準要求。然而,新部門引入的變更對整個管理系統的運作方式產生了重大影響,需要對現有流程和控制措施進行更新。
此外,儘管CloudFort申請擴大認證範圍,但未能及時向認證機構提供新部門對資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)影響的最新資訊。因此,CloudFort的認證被暫停。
問題
CloudFort 請求擴大認證範圍,將新部門納入其中。您如何對這種情況進行分類?請參考場景 9。
Answer: A
Explanation:
This situation is acceptable, making option B the correct answer. ISO/IEC 17021-1 and ISO/IEC 27006 explicitly allow certified organizations to request an extension of the certification scope after initial certification. It is common and fully permissible for organizations to begin with a limited or reduced scope and later expand it as the ISMS matures, business operations grow, or new departments are created.
ISO/IEC 27001 does not require the full organization to be included in the initial certification scope. Instead, it requires the scope to be clearly defined, documented, and controlled. When CloudFort created a new department, it correctly initiated a risk assessment and internal audit, and then formally requested a scope extension from the certification body. This demonstrates alignment with ISO requirements and good ISMS governance.
Option A is incorrect because scope extensions do not require a full recertification audit unless the certification body determines that the changes are so extensive that they fundamentally alter the ISMS. Option C is also incorrect because expanding the scope does not automatically require a complete re-audit of the entire organization; the certification body typically performs a focused extension audit covering the new scope elements and their interaction with the existing ISMS.
The suspension in Scenario 9 occurred not because the scope extension request was unacceptable, but because CloudFort failed to provide timely and sufficient information to the certification body regarding the impact of the new department. The act of requesting a scope extension itself was appropriate and acceptable.
NEW QUESTION # 179
進行外部審核後,審核員決定內部審核員將追蹤糾正措施的實施情況,直到下一次監督審核。這是可以接受的嗎?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Yes, it is acceptable for the internal auditor to follow-up on the implementation of corrective actions until verified by the external auditor during the next surveillance audit. This practice supports continuous improvement and ensures that corrective actions are effectively implemented and maintained over time.
NEW QUESTION # 180
下列哪一個選項是與人員管理相關的控制措施,旨在避免事件的發生?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Regular security awareness and training sessions for employees are a control measure aimed at preventing security incidents by ensuring that personnel are aware of information security threats and concerns, and understand their roles and responsibilities in safeguarding organizational assets. This proactive approach is designed to educate employees on the importance of security practices and to avoid the occurrence of security incidents. Reference: = This answer is based on the principles of personnel security management as outlined in ISO/IEC 27001, particularly in Annex A.7 which deals with human resource security before, during, and after employment, and Annex A.9 which focuses on access control and ensuring that employees have access only to the information that is necessary for their job role
NEW QUESTION # 181
情境 4
SendPay是一家金融服務公司,專注於透過代理商和機構網路提供全球匯款服務。作為市場新秀,SendPay致力於提供優質服務,其去年推出的免手續費數位平台讓客戶可以隨時隨地透過智慧型手機和筆記型電腦收發款項。當時,SendPay將軟體營運外包給外部團隊,該團隊也負責管理公司的技術基礎設施。
最近,該公司在實施資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 近一年後,申請了 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。
在審計過程中,審計人員重點審查了 SendPay 的外包業務,特別是外包公司負責的軟體開發和技術基礎設施維護。
他們採取了一套結構化的方法,其中包括審查和評估SendPay用於監控外包業務品質的流程。這包括核實該公司是否履行了合約義務,確保其在聘用外包實體方面擁有適當的管理程序,以及評估SendPay在預期或意外終止外包協議的情況下所採取的應對措施。
然而,審計人員委婉地指出,SendPay的協議並未充分考慮到外包協議意外取消的情況。此外,SendPay委派的技術專家協助審計人員,提供了與受審計外包業務相關的專業知識和經驗。
審計團隊計算了員工接受資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 培訓的小時數,以確保其符合既定目標。他們也基於審計期間抽取的樣本,計算了資訊安全事件的平均解決時間,從而深入了解了 SendPay 的事件管理實務。此外,審計人員還評估了審計期間收集的證據的可靠性。他們考慮了影響審計證據可靠性的多個因素。例如,與照片相比,監視錄影提供的證據更為客觀。時間因素也對可靠性起著至關重要的作用,交易記錄等機制可以增強證據的可信度。
SendPay 使用雲端平台來提高營運效率和可擴展性。然而,由於資源限制,審計人員在審計過程中並未要求 SendPay 提供其雲端活動清單,而是依賴 SendPay 的陳述。
問題
根據情境 4,在對外包業務進行審計時,所有相關方的參與是否可接受?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The involvement of all the parties described in Scenario 4 is acceptable and aligns with ISO 19011:2018 guidance on auditing management systems, making option A the correct answer. ISO 19011 recognizes that audits may involve different participants beyond the audit team, including technical experts, guides, observers, and representatives of the auditee, provided their roles are clearly defined and managed.
In this scenario, a technical expert appointed by SendPay assisted the auditors by providing specific knowledge and expertise related to the outsourced software operations and technology infrastructure. This is explicitly permitted under ISO 19011, which allows the use of technical experts when specialized knowledge is required that the auditors themselves may not fully possess. The technical expert's role is to support the audit team with subject-matter expertise, not to influence audit conclusions or replace auditor judgment.
Option B is incorrect because ISO 19011 does not prohibit the involvement of technical experts. On the contrary, their involvement is encouraged when auditing complex or highly technical areas, such as outsourced IT operations and cloud-based services. Option C is also incorrect because limiting participation to observers would not provide the auditors with the necessary technical insight to effectively evaluate outsourced operations.
As long as the audit team leader maintains control of the audit process and ensures independence and objectivity, the involvement of auditors, auditee representatives, and technical experts is appropriate.
Therefore, the involvement of all the parties in this audit is acceptable under ISO auditing principles.
NEW QUESTION # 182
審核員應具備一定的知識和技能;而審計組長也應該具備一些額外的知識和技能。從下面的清單中,選擇僅適用於審核團隊領導的兩項。
Answer: E,F
Explanation:
According to the PECB Candidate Handbook1, audit team leaders should have the following additional knowledge and skills compared to auditors:
* Plan the audit, including preparing the audit plan, assigning work to the audit team members and coordinating their activities
* Make effective use of resources provided to the audit, such as personnel, time, budget and equipment
* Manage the audit process, including leading the opening and closing meetings, directing the audit team, resolving conflicts and ensuring the audit objectives are achieved
* Review and approve the audit report and audit findings
* Communicate with the client and other interested parties throughout the audit
NEW QUESTION # 183
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