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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Control Structures | - Loop Control (break, continue, pass) - Loops (for, while) - Nested Conditionals and Loops - Conditional Statements (if, elif, else) |
| Testing and Debugging | - Unit Testing Concepts - Debugging Techniques - Trace Errors |
| Object-Oriented Programming | - Constructors (__init__) - Encapsulation - Attributes and Methods - Classes and Objects - Inheritance |
| File Handling and Exceptions | - Exception Handling (try, except, finally) - Custom Exceptions - Reading and Writing Files |
| Functions | - Recursion - Scope (local and global) - Parameters and Arguments - Return Values - Function Definition and Call |
| Data Structures | - Dictionaries - Tuples - Sets - Lists and List Operations - String Manipulation |
| Python Fundamentals | - Variables and Data Types - Operators and Expressions - Type Conversion - Input/Output Operations |
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NEW QUESTION # 45
Fix the indexing error in this function that should return the last character of a string.
def get_last_character(text):
return text[len(text)]
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: Python string indexing starts at 0.
Step 2: The last valid index of a string is len(text) - 1, not len(text).
Step 3: Python also allows negative indexing, where -1 means the last character.
Step 4: Replace text[len(text)] with text[-1] .
Correct code:
def get_last_character(text):
return text[-1]
Example:
print(get_last_character( " Python " ))
Output:
n
NEW QUESTION # 46
Fix the missing function call in this function that should return the uppercase version of a string.
def make_uppercase(text):
return text.upper
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: In Python, upper is a string method.
Step 2: A method must be called using parentheses ().
Step 3: text.upper refers to the method itself, but it does not execute it.
Step 4: Use text.upper() to return the uppercase version of the string.
Correct code:
def make_uppercase(text):
return text.upper()
Example:
print(make_uppercase( " hello " ))
Output:
HELLO
NEW QUESTION # 47
A dictionary prices = { ' apple ' : 1.50, ' banana ' : 0.75, ' orange ' : 2.00} needs to have all values increased by
0.25. Which code correctly accomplishes this task?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Python, iterating directly over a dictionary gives itskeys. In this dictionary, the keys are:
' apple '
' banana '
' orange '
To update each price, the program can loop through each key and use that key to access and change the corresponding value.
Correct code:
prices = { ' apple ' : 1.50, ' banana ' : 0.75, ' orange ' : 2.00}
for item in prices:
prices[item] = prices[ item] + 0.25
print(prices)
Output:
{ ' apple ' : 1.75, ' banana ' : 1.0, ' orange ' : 2.25}
Option B is incorrect because value actually receives each dictionary key, not each dictionary value. Also, assigning to value would not update the dictionary.
Option C is incorrect because item is not defined, and the loop structure is invalid for this task.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Complete the function is_positive(number) that returns True if the number is greater than 0, and False otherwise.
def is_positive(number):
# TODO: Return True if number > 0, False otherwise
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one parameter named number.
Step 2: The condition number > 0 checks whether the number is positive.
Step 3: In Python, this comparison already returns either True or False.
Correct code:
def is_positive(number):
return number > 0
Example:
print(is_positive(5))
print(is_positive(-2))
print(is_positive(0))
Output:
True
False
False
NEW QUESTION # 49
Modify the function greet_with_default(name) by adding a default value of " World " to the name parameter so it can be called with or without an argument.
def greet_with_default(name):
# TODO: Add a default value of " World " to the name parameter
return " Hello " + name
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: A default parameter value allows a function to be called even when no argument is provided.
Step 2: The default value should be added in the function header.
Step 3: The parameter name should have the default value " World " .
Correct code:
def greet_with_default(name= " World " ):
return " Hello " + name
Example:
print(greet_with_default())
print(greet_with_default( " Alice " ))
Output:
Hello World
Hello Alice
NEW QUESTION # 50
......
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