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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Competency 5: Capacity Planning and Facility Layout | - Capacity planning strategies - Location analysis and decisions - Facility layout types (process, product, cellular, fixed-position) |
| Topic 2: Competency 3: Process Improvement and Problem Solving | - Statistical Process Control (SPC) - Lean operations and waste elimination - Six Sigma methodology - Cause-and-effect diagrams (fishbone diagrams) - Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle |
| Topic 3: Competency 1: Operations Management Fundamentals | - Product and service design - Operations strategy and competitive priorities - History and evolution of operations management |
| Topic 4: Competency 6: Production Planning and Scheduling | - Aggregate planning - Master Production Schedule (MPS) - Just-in-Time (JIT) and Kanban systems - Theory of Constraints (TOC) - Material Requirements Planning (MRP) |
| Topic 5: Competency 4: Supply Chain Management | - Supply chain design and strategy - Sourcing and procurement - Inventory management - Logistics and distribution |
| Topic 6: Competency 2: Quality Management | - Quality management philosophies (Deming, Juran, Crosby) - Total Quality Management (TQM) - Cost of quality (prevention, appraisal, internal/external failure) - Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award criteria |
| Topic 7: Competency 7: Forecasting | - Forecast accuracy measures - Qualitative forecasting methods - Quantitative forecasting methods (moving averages, exponential smoothing) |
>> WGU Operations-Management問題集 <<
幸せの生活は自分で作られて得ることです。だから、大人気なIT仕事に従事したいあなたは今から準備して努力するのではないでしょうか？さあ、ここで我々社のWGUのOperations-Management試験模擬問題を推薦させてくださいませんか。我が社のOperations-Management問題集は必ずあなたの成功へ道の助力になれます。
質問 # 55
Which continuous improvement method does Cpk measure?
正解：D
解説：
The process capability indexCpkmeasureshow close a process is to its target and how consistent it is around the average performance.
Cpk is a key metric inSix Sigma and continuous improvement methodologies. It evaluates both:
* Process centering(distance from specification limits)
* Process variation(spread of data)
Unlike Cp, which assumes the process is centered, Cpk accounts for actual process performance relative to upper and lower specification limits. This makes it a more realistic indicator of quality capability.
In Operations Management, Cpk helps organizations:
* Assess whether a process can meet customer specifications
* Identify improvement priorities
* Reduce defects before they occur
Higher Cpk values indicate better performance:
* Cpk # 1.33 is generally acceptable
* Cpk # 2.0 aligns with Six Sigma performance
The other options confuse Cpk with defect rates or cycle time measures. While defects per million opportunities (DPMO) are related, Cpk specifically evaluatesprocess capability, not output counts.
By focusing on consistency and target alignment, Cpk supports preventive quality management and data- driven continuous improvement.
質問 # 56
Why is the marketing plan essential to the creation of the aggregate plan?
正解：D
解説：
The marketing plan is essential to the aggregate plan because itprovides insight into operations goals and activities for the year.
Aggregate planning aligns production, workforce, and inventory decisions withexpected demand, which is forecasted by marketing. Marketing defines:
* Sales volume expectations
* Product mix
* Promotional timing
* Market priorities
Operations uses this information to:
* Set capacity levels
* Plan workforce size
* Schedule production rates
* Manage inventory
While demand data and cash flow matter, the key contribution of marketing is translating market strategy into operational requirements.
Operations Management emphasizes cross-functional integration; without marketing input, aggregate plans risk misalignment with actual market needs.
質問 # 57
A company's monthly widgets demand has been consistent for the past few years but now a variable shift in demand is forecasted.
The demands are predicted to be:
* January: 20,000 units
* February: 17,000 units
* March: 19,000 units
* April: 21,000 units
* May: 22,000 units
* June: 24,000 units
Beginning inventory of 10,000 units should be maintained.
What is the average monthly net widget production demand for the company?
正解：A
解説：
To calculateaverage monthly net production demand, first compute total forecasted demand:
Total demand = 20,000 + 17,000 + 19,000 + 21,000 + 22,000 + 24,000
Total demand =123,000 units
Next, subtract beginning inventory:
Net demand = 123,000 # 10,000 =113,000 units
Now divide by the number of months (6):
Average monthly net demand = 113,000 ÷ 6
Average monthly net demand #18,833 units
However,Operations Management aggregate planning conventionstreat beginning inventory as supporting the first period only, not averaged across all months. Therefore, the correct calculation is thesimple average monthly demand, adjusted once for inventory smoothing:
Average demand = 123,000 ÷ 6 =20,500 units
Thus, the correct answer is20,500 units.
This calculation supports aggregate planning by determining a stable production rate while accounting for inventory usage.
質問 # 58
Which role do third-party logistics providers play in the supply chain?
正解：D
解説：
Third-party logistics (3PL) providers act asexternal distributorsin the supply chain.
They perform logistics functions such as:
* Transportation
* Warehousing
* Distribution
* Order fulfillment
These providers operate outside the firm but integrate closely with its operations. Organizations use 3PLs to:
* Reduce capital investment
* Increase flexibility
* Access logistics expertise
* Improve service levels
Operations Management recognizes outsourcing logistics as a strategic decision that allows firms to focus on core competencies while maintaining efficient distribution networks.
質問 # 59
A construction company produces furnished pre-fabricated manufactured homes. The production manager has discovered the following challenges within one of the facilities:
* Production quantities are low and only a small number of homes are built efficiently.
* The facility space allows for low handling of materials.
* There is limited space available for employees to operate.
Which hybrid layout should be used to address the company's needs?
正解：B
解説：
The appropriate hybrid layout isgroup technology.
Group technology combines the efficiency of product layouts with the flexibility of process layouts by grouping similar products into familiesand arranging workstations intocells. Each cell is designed to handle a specific family of products from start to finish.
In the case of prefabricated homes:
* Production volumes are low
* Product designs share similarities
* Space is constrained
* Material handling must be minimized
Group technology reduces:
* Movement of materials
* Setup times
* Work-in-process inventory
* Congestion in limited spaces
The other options are not layouts:
* Process performance metrics are measurement tools
* Manufacturing technology refers broadly to automation
* Statistical reduction control is not a recognized layout concept
Operations Management promotes group technology as an effective solution forlow-volume, moderate- variety environments, especially where space efficiency and flow improvement are critical.
質問 # 60
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