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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Storage | 10% | - Storage classes - PersistentVolumes and PersistentVolumeClaims |
| Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration | 25% | - Cluster installation and configuration - High availability setup - Kubernetes architecture components |
| Services & Networking | 20% | - Network policies - Ingress configuration - Services (ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer) |
| Troubleshooting | 30% | - Application and networking debugging - Cluster component troubleshooting |
| Workloads & Scheduling | 15% | - Scheduling constraints - ConfigMaps and Secrets - Deployments and rolling updates |
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NEW QUESTION # 73
List all persistent volumes sorted by capacity, saving the full kubectl output to
/opt/KUCC00102/volume_list. Use kubectl 's own functionality for sorting the output, and do not manipulate it any further.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
F:\Work\Data Entry Work\Data Entry\20200827\CKA\2 C.JPG
NEW QUESTION # 74
Create a configmap called cfgvolume with values var1=val1,
var2=val2 and create an nginx pod with volume nginx-volume which
reads data from this configmap cfgvolume and put it on the path
/etc/cfg
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 75
List "nginx-dev" and "nginx-prod" pod and delete those pods
Answer:
Explanation:
kubect1 get pods -o wide
kubectl delete po "nginx-dev"
kubectl delete po "nginx-prod"
NEW QUESTION # 76
Kubernetes. The microservices communicate with each other via a shared database. Explain how you would implement a strategy to manage persistent data in the database, ensuring availability and scalability for all microservices.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Use a Database with High Availability:
- Select a database system that supports high availability, such as MySQL with Galera or PostgreSQL with Patroni. These database systems can replicate data across multiple nodes, providing fault tolerance and scalability.
2. Deploy the Database as a StatefulSet:
- Create a StatefulSet for your database deployment, ensuring that each pod is assigned a unique name and volume claim. This will ensure that the database data is preserved even if pods are restarted or deleted.
3. Implement Persistent Volumes and Claims:
- Define PersistentVolumeClaims (PVCs) for each database node, requesting a storage class that provides the desired performance and resilience.
- Create corresponding PersistentVolumes (PVs) to back these PVCs, ensuring sufficient capacity and appropriate access modes.
4. Configure Microservice Pods to Access the Database:
- Configure each microservice pod to access the database using the StatefulSet's service name or a dedicated database service.
5. Utilize a Service Mesh:
- Consider deploying a service mesh like Istio to manage communication between microservices and the database. A service mesh provides features like load balancing, service discovery, and security, simplifying communication management.
6. Implement Monitoring and Alerting:
- Monitor the health and performance of both the database and microservices to quickly detect and resolve any issues. Configure alerts to notify you of critical events or failures.
7. Scale the Database as Needed:
- Use horizontal pod autoscaling (HPA) to automatically scale the database deployment based on its load. This ensures that the database can handle increasing traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 77
You need to deploy a microservice application that uses a custom DNS service for internal communication between microservices. This DNS service is not a standard Kubernetes DNS service. How would you configure Kubernetes to use your custom DNS service for the internal communication of your application?
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a ConfigMap for DNS Configuration:
- Create a ConfigMap to store the DNS configuration details for your custom DNS service.
- Example:
- Replace '10.0.0.1 ,10.0.0.2 with the IP addresses of your custom DNS servers and 'my-app.svc.cluster.local' with the search domain for your application. 2. Create a DaemonSet for DNS Configuration: - Create a DaemonSet that will inject the custom DNS configuration into all pods in your cluster. - Example:
- This DaemonSet will use a 'busybox' container to write the DNS configuration from the 'custom-dns-config' ConfigMap to the '/etc/resolv.conf file in every pod. 3. Deploy your Application: - Deploy your microservice application with the appropriate labels to ensure that the DaemonSet injects the custom DNS configuration into your application's pods. 4. Verify DNS Resolution: - Verify that your application's pods can resolve internal DNS names using your custom DNS service. - Example: - You can use the 'nslookup command within a pod to test DNS resolution. 5. Configure Security: - Implement appropriate security measures to protect your custom DNS service and prevent unauthorized access to your application's internal services. - Example: - Consider using a firewall to restrict access to the custom DNS servers. - Configure access control lists to limit access to the DNS service.
NEW QUESTION # 78
......
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