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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
| Topic 2: Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Topic 3: Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Topic 4: Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Topic 5: Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
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質問 # 415
選出最能完成句子的單字：
要用單字完成句子，請點擊要完成的空白部分，使其以紅色突出顯示，然後從下面的選項中點擊應用程式文字。或者，您可以將該選項拖曳到適當的空白部分。
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
competence of the audit team and decision made by the certification body According to ISO/IEC 17021-1, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, an accredited certification means that the certification body has been evaluated by an accreditation body against recognized standards to demonstrate its competence, impartiality and performance capability1. Therefore, an accredited certification assures the competence of the audit team that conducts the audit in accordance with ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 27001:2022, and the decision made by the certification body that grants or maintains the certification based on the audit evidence and findings2. References: ISO/IEC
17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA
質問 # 416
問題：
預測分析如何幫助審計人員識別潛在風險？
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* B. Correct Answer:
* Predictive analytics uses historical data, machine learning, and statistical models to predict future risk events.
* It identifies patterns in security incidents, financial trends, and operational failures to anticipate risks before they occur.
* A. Incorrect:
* Real-time analysis is part of monitoring, but predictive analytics focuses on forecasting risks, not just real-time reporting.
* C. Incorrect:
* Data organization is essential but does not involve forecasting risks.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 31000:2018 (Risk Management - Guidelines on Using Data Analytics in Risk Assessment)
質問 # 417
下列哪兩個短語適用於與業務流程的計劃-執行-檢查-行動週期相關的「計劃」？
正解：A、B
解説：
The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is a four-step method for implementing and improving processes, products, or services. The "plan" phase involves establishing the objectives and processes necessary to deliver the desired results. This may include setting SMART goals, identifying resources, defining roles and responsibilities, conducting risk assessments, and developing plans for training, communication, and monitoring.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) objectives and content from Quality.org and PECB
* ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems [Section 5.3.1]
質問 # 418
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證適用性聲明 (SoA) 是否包含必要的控制措施。
您查看最新的 SoA（版本 5）文檔，對原始程式碼 (A.8.4) 的存取控制進行採樣，並想了解組織如何保護從外包軟體開發人員收到的 ABC 醫療保健行動應用程式原始程式碼。
IT 安全經理解釋說，收到的原始程式碼將被檢查到 SCM 系統中，以確保其完整性和安全性。只有授權使用者才能查看軟體並進行更新。
系統會自動記錄入住和退房活動。版本控制由系統自動管理。
您在 SCM 上總共發現了 10 個使用者帳戶。他們全部來自IT部門。您進一步與人力資源經理核實，並確認其中一位用戶 Scott 已於 9 個月前辭職。 SCM 系統管理員確認 Scott 最後一次檢出原始碼是在 1 個月前。他正在安全區域使用本機網路的授權桌面之一。
您檢查了使用者登出程序，其中規定「管理人員必須確保在辭職批准後立即從相關ICT系統和/或設備註銷使用者帳戶和授權」。用戶Scott沒有註銷記錄。
IT 安全經理解釋說，Scott 是一位非常優秀的軟體工程師、前同事和朋友。
辭職後，他仍然每月回到辦公室提供原始碼維護支援。這就是為什麼他在 SCM 上的帳戶仍然存在。 「我們很了解 Scott，他在加入我們時通過了我們所有的背景調查。因此，我們認為沒有必要僅僅因為他現在是外部提供者而與他同意任何進一步的資訊安全要求」。
您準備審計結果。選出三個正確選項。
正解：B、D、G
解説：
The correct options are:
There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation's access control arrangements are not operating effectively as an individual who is no longer employed by the organisation is being permitted to access the nursing home's ICT systems. This does not conform with control A.5.15. (B): This option is correct because control A.5.15 requires the organization to implement secure log-on procedures and manage user access rights. The organization should ensure that only authorized users can access the ICT systems and that the access rights are revoked or modified when the user status changes. The fact that Scott, who resigned 9 months ago, still has an active account on the SCM and can check out the source code, indicates a failure of the access control arrangements and a nonconformity with the control A.5.15.
There is a nonconformity (NC). The IT Security manager did not make sure the user account for Scott was removed from the SCM and did not complete the user deregistration process after the resignation. This does not conform with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15. : This option is correct because clause 9.1 requires the organization to monitor, measure, analyze, and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization should have processes and indicators to verify that the ISMS requirements and objectives are met and that the ISMS is continually improved. The organization should also ensure that the results of the monitoring and measurement are documented and communicated. The fact that the IT Security manager did not follow the user de-registration procedure and did not document or communicate the exception for Scott, indicates a failure of the monitoring and measurement processes and a nonconformity with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15.
There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation has failed to identify the security risks associated with leaving Scott's account open when he was only re-engaged for a short period monthly. This does not conform with clause 8.2. (F): This option is correct because clause 8.2 requires the organization to establish and maintain an information security risk management process. The organization should identify the information security risks, analyze and evaluate the risks, and treat the risks according to the risk criteria and the risk treatment options. The organization should also monitor and review the risks and the risk treatment plan periodically and document the results. The fact that the organization did not identify the security risks associated with Scott's access to the SCM and the source code, such as unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of the information, indicates a failure of the risk management process and a nonconformity with clause 8.2.
質問 # 419
進行認證審核的審核員在製定審核計畫時不需要下列哪一份工作文件？
正解：A、C、E
解説：
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, an auditor conducting a certification audit should prepare for an audit by reviewing relevant information about the auditee's context and processes1. This may include reviewing documented information related to the audited management system (such as policies, procedures, manuals), previous audit reports and records (such as findings, nonconformities, corrective actions), relevant legal and regulatory requirements (such as laws, standards), relevant risks and opportunities (such as internal and external issues), relevant performance indicators (such as objectives, targets), etc1. Therefore, an auditor may need work documents such as an audit plan (which defines what will be done during an audit), a sample plan (which defines how many samples will be taken from a population), and a checklist (which helps to ensure that all relevant aspects are covered during an audit)1. However, an auditor does not need work documents such as an organisation's financial statement (which is not directly related to information security management), a career history of the IT manager (which is not relevant to assessing conformity with ISO/IEC 27001:2022), or a list of external providers (which is not necessary for planning an audit)1. Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
質問 # 420
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