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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Incident Response and Management | 33% | - Incident handling lifecycle
|
| Security Operations | 33% | - Monitoring security environments
|
| Vulnerability Management | 34% | - Vulnerability identification
|
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NEW QUESTION # 503
A company has the following security requirements:
. No public IPs
All data secured at rest
. No insecure ports/protocols
After a cloud scan is completed, a security analyst receives reports that several misconfigurations are putting the company at risk. Given the following cloud scanner output:
Which of the following should the analyst recommend be updated first to meet the security requirements and reduce risks?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To determine the highest priority for remediation, we must compare the configuration of each VM against the three mandatory security requirements:
* No public IPs
* All data secured at rest (Encryption = Yes)
* No insecure ports/protocols (No unencrypted protocols like HTTP/Telnet)
1. Analyze the Compliance of VM_PRD_DB (Option A):
* Asset Type: Production Database (High Value Target).
* IP Config: public - > FAIL. (A production database should never be directly exposed to the internet; it should reside in a private subnet).
* Encryption: no - > FAIL. (Violates the " data secured at rest " policy).
* Ingress Port: 80 (HTTP) - > FAIL. (Port 80 is cleartext/unencrypted. Using an insecure protocol on a public interface puts data confidentiality at immediate risk).
* Conclusion: This asset violates all three security policies and exposes the organization ' s most critical data (Production DB) to the public internet via an insecure channel.
2. Why the other options are lower priority:
* B. VM_DEV_DB:
* It uses a private IP (Pass) and Port 443 (Secure). It only fails the " Encryption " check. Since it is a Development box and not publicly exposed, the risk is significantly lower.
* C. VM_DEV_Web02:
* It exposes Port 22 (SSH). While exposing SSH to the internet is poor practice, SSH is a secure protocol (encrypted), unlike Port 80. It also has encryption at rest enabled.
* D. VM_PRD_Web01:
* It exposes Port 3389 (RDP). While RDP is a common attack vector (ransomware entry point), the server has " Encryption at rest " enabled (Pass).
* Comparison: While VM_PRD_Web01 is risky due to RDP, VM_PRD_DB is riskier because it involves a Database (higher impact than a web server) communicating over Port 80 (cleartext) with No Encryption at rest.
NEW QUESTION # 504
After an upgrade to a new EDR, a security analyst received reports that several endpoints were not communicating with the SaaS provider to receive critical threat signatures. To comply with the incident response playbook, the security analyst was required to validate connectivity to ensure communications. The security analyst ran a command that provided the following output:
ComputerName: comptia007
RemotePort: 443
InterfaceAlias: Ethernet 3
TcpTestSucceeded: False
Which of the following did the analyst use to ensure connectivity?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The command output shown indicates that the analyst used a TCP connection test to check if communication on port 443 (usually HTTPS) succeeded.
tnc (Test-NetConnection in PowerShell): This command in PowerShell is specifically designed to test connectivity to a specified port and IP address. The output (TcpTestSucceeded: False) is characteristic of the tnc command.
NEW QUESTION # 505
An organization ' s website was maliciously altered.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review information in each tab to select the source IP the analyst should be concerned about, the indicator of compromise, and the two appropriate corrective actions.
Answer:
Explanation:
see the explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation:
Step 1: Analyzing the SFTP Log
The SFTP log provides a record of file transfer and login activities:
* User "sjames" logged in from several IP addresses:
* 192.168.10.32 and 192.168.10.37 (internal network IPs)
* 32.111.16.37 and 41.21.18.102 (external IPs)
* We see file alterations in the /var/www directory, which is commonly the web directory.
* Modified files: about_us.html, index.html
* Suspicious activity:
* 192.168.11.102 and 41.21.18.102 modified the files.
* 32.111.16.37 had failed login attempts, indicating possible unauthorized access attempts.
The most suspicious IP here is 41.21.18.102, as it's associated with direct file modifications, possibly indicating unauthorized access.
Step 2: Reviewing Netstat
The netstat output shows active connections and their states:
* IP 41.21.18.102 has an ESTABLISHED connection with port 22, commonly used for SFTP.
* IP 32.111.16.37 is also attempting connections, and 32.111.16.37 connections are in a TIME_WAIT state, showing prior connections were recently closed.
The netstat output reaffirms 41.21.18.102 is actively connected and potentially involved in malicious activities.
Step 3: Checking the HTTP Access Log
The HTTP Access log shows access to about_us.html:
* 32.111.16.37 repeatedly accessed /about_us.html with 404 errors, indicating attempts to reach non- existing pages.
* 41.21.18.102 accessed the 200 status code, showing successful page requests, but since this IP was modifying files directly on the server, it might be testing or verifying changes.
Again, 41.21.18.102 stands out as it matches both successful file modification and page request patterns, while 32.111.16.37 shows unsuccessful attempts.
Step 4: Selecting the IP of Concern
Based on the above analysis:
* answer: 41.21.18.102 should be the IP of concern due to its direct file modifications on critical web files (about_us.html, index.html).
Step 5: Identifying the Indicator of Compromise
Potential indicators include unauthorized file modifications:
* Modified index.html file is the correct answer, as it indicates direct changes to website content and is often a clear sign of compromise.
Step 6: Selecting Corrective Actions
To mitigate and prevent further compromise:
* Change the password on the "sjames" account: The account was used across various IPs, indicating potential account compromise.
* Block external SFTP access: Restricting SFTP to internal IPs only would prevent unauthorized external modifications. Since 41.21.18.102 was external, this would stop similar threats.
Summary
* IP of Concern: 41.21.18.102
* Indicator of Compromise: Modified index.html file
* Corrective Actions:
* Change the password on the sjames account
* Block external SFTP access
These selections address both the immediate security breach and implement a preventative measure against future unauthorized access.
NEW QUESTION # 506
Which of the following is a useful tool for mapping, tracking, and mitigating identified threats and vulnerabilities with the likelihood and impact of occurrence?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A risk register is a useful tool for mapping, tracking, and mitigating identified threats and vulnerabilities with the likelihood and impact of occurrence. A risk register is a document that records the details of all the risks identified in a project or an organization, such as their sources, causes, consequences, probabilities, impacts, and mitigation strategies. A risk register can help the security team to prioritize the risks based on their severity and urgency, and to monitor and control them throughout the project or the organization's lifecycle12.
A vulnerability assessment, a penetration test, and a compliance report are all methods or outputs of identifying and evaluating the threats and vulnerabilities, but they are not tools for mapping, tracking, and mitigating them345. References: What is a Risk Register? | Smartsheet, Risk Register: Definition & Example, Vulnerability Assessment vs. Penetration Testing: What's the Difference?, What is a Penetration Test and How Does It Work?, What is a Compliance Report? | Definition, Types, and Examples
NEW QUESTION # 507
K company has recently experienced a security breach via a public-facing service. Analysis of the event on the server was traced back to the following piece of code:
SELECT ' From userjdata WHERE Username = 0 and userid8 1 or 1=1;-
Which of the following controls would be best to implement?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The code snippet provided suggests an SQL injection vulnerability, indicated by the use of "1=1," which is a common SQL injection technique to bypass authentication. To mitigate this risk, validating user input is the most effective control, as it ensures that any input is properly sanitized and escapes potentially malicious characters before interacting with the database. This is a key principle from CompTIA Security+ guidelines on secure coding practices. Options A and B are unrelated to the vulnerability type here, and while access control (Option C) is generally good practice, it does not specifically prevent SQL injection.
NEW QUESTION # 508
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